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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of system software?
What is the primary function of system software?
Which of the following statements is true regarding application software?
Which of the following statements is true regarding application software?
Which of the following is an example of application software?
Which of the following is an example of application software?
What is malware designed to do?
What is malware designed to do?
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Which statement differentiates application software from system software?
Which statement differentiates application software from system software?
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Which of the following is NOT typically a function of system software?
Which of the following is NOT typically a function of system software?
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Which of these tools is specifically designed for graphic processing?
Which of these tools is specifically designed for graphic processing?
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How would you describe the relationship between application software and system software?
How would you describe the relationship between application software and system software?
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What is the primary purpose of system software?
What is the primary purpose of system software?
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Which command can be used on Windows PCs to display running processes?
Which command can be used on Windows PCs to display running processes?
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What distinguishes application software from general software?
What distinguishes application software from general software?
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What term is used to refer to software designed to cause harm to computers?
What term is used to refer to software designed to cause harm to computers?
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What is a Process ID (PID) used to identify?
What is a Process ID (PID) used to identify?
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Which of the following can terminate a process on a Windows PC?
Which of the following can terminate a process on a Windows PC?
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Which command can be used on GNU/Linux to display running processes?
Which command can be used on GNU/Linux to display running processes?
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What does the term 'application software' refer to?
What does the term 'application software' refer to?
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What is the primary goal of the Implementation stage in software development?
What is the primary goal of the Implementation stage in software development?
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During which stage is the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) specifically designed?
During which stage is the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) specifically designed?
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Which of the following phases follows the Implementation phase in the Software Development Lifecycle?
Which of the following phases follows the Implementation phase in the Software Development Lifecycle?
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What is the purpose of the Testing phase in the software development lifecycle?
What is the purpose of the Testing phase in the software development lifecycle?
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In the context of software development, what does Maintenance and Support involve?
In the context of software development, what does Maintenance and Support involve?
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Which stage is concerned with identifying and understanding requirements for the software?
Which stage is concerned with identifying and understanding requirements for the software?
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What characterizes the Integration and Deployment phase of software development?
What characterizes the Integration and Deployment phase of software development?
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What is a common outcome of the Testing phase if issues are found?
What is a common outcome of the Testing phase if issues are found?
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What is the first stage of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)?
What is the first stage of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)?
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During which phase is the basic architecture of the software project built?
During which phase is the basic architecture of the software project built?
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What is created during the Implementation phase of the SDLC?
What is created during the Implementation phase of the SDLC?
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What is the primary purpose of the Testing phase in the software development process?
What is the primary purpose of the Testing phase in the software development process?
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Which of the following roles is NOT typically involved in the System Design phase?
Which of the following roles is NOT typically involved in the System Design phase?
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What task is included in the Maintenance and Support phase?
What task is included in the Maintenance and Support phase?
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What happens during the integration and deployment phase?
What happens during the integration and deployment phase?
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Which phase follows Requirement Analysis in the Software Development Lifecycle?
Which phase follows Requirement Analysis in the Software Development Lifecycle?
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What is the first step in the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)?
What is the first step in the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)?
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Which phase of the SDLC involves coding the software using a selected programming language?
Which phase of the SDLC involves coding the software using a selected programming language?
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What does the Testing phase focus on in the software development process?
What does the Testing phase focus on in the software development process?
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Which of the following stages is aimed at monitoring software behavior and fixing flaws?
Which of the following stages is aimed at monitoring software behavior and fixing flaws?
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What is the focus of the System Design phase in the SDLC?
What is the focus of the System Design phase in the SDLC?
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What best describes the Integration and Deployment phase?
What best describes the Integration and Deployment phase?
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What is primarily assessed during the Requirement Analysis phase?
What is primarily assessed during the Requirement Analysis phase?
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During which phase are user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) designs created?
During which phase are user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) designs created?
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What is the primary purpose of system software?
What is the primary purpose of system software?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding application software?
Which of the following statements is true regarding application software?
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What is a malware?
What is a malware?
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Which command can be used to display running threads for Google Chrome on a GNU/Linux system?
Which command can be used to display running threads for Google Chrome on a GNU/Linux system?
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What differentiates a library from an application in software?
What differentiates a library from an application in software?
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Which of the following best describes static and dynamic libraries?
Which of the following best describes static and dynamic libraries?
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What is the correct relationship between application software and system software?
What is the correct relationship between application software and system software?
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What do libraries in programming typically contain?
What do libraries in programming typically contain?
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Study Notes
Information Technology Essentials - Lecture 06
- Lecture focused on Software Systems
- Course taught by Dr. Karim Lounis
- Fall 2024 semester
- Lecture number 6 of 35
Software Systems
- Software is a collection of programs, libraries, data, and documentation.
- It acts as a singular logical entity for running on a computer to perform tasks.
- Two main types of software:
- System Software: Provides essential functions for computer operation.
- Application Software: Designed to perform specific user tasks.
Software and Operating Systems
- A lab on operating systems was completed as part of the course.
- Students should be able to define an operating system (OS).
- Software is the programs, libraries, data, and documentation for a computer.
Software
- Definition: Software is a program, or computer program. It's a finite sequence of instructions written in a programming language to solve a problem
- Two types: System and Application Software.
- Note:
- An application is a software, but software isn't always an application. Application Software runs on top of system software.
- Software designed to harm computers is called malware.
Software
- Definition: A single logical program (e.g., computer program). It's a finite sequence of commands to solve a problem.
- Explanation: There are two major types.
- Note:
- Ada Lovelace (1815-1852) is a significant figure in software history, often recognized as a pioneer in software development.
- When a program runs, this is called a process. Each process has identifier known as a PID.
Software
- Definition: On Windows, use
taskmgtcommand to view running processes.- Running processes can be viewed using the Windows Task manager.
Software
- Definition: On GNU/Linux, use
psortopcommands to display running processes. - Note: A process is identified by a PID(Process ID)
- Example command:
ps -aux | grep "Google Chrome"
Software
- Definition: A library is a collection of pre-written, well-tested code like routines, functions, modules, packages, etc. A programmer can use it to develop or run a program.
- Types: Static and Dynamic.
- Static: Compiled libraries incorporated directly into the user's code.
- Dynamic: Loaded at runtime from elsewhere.
- Note: The different types of static libraries and dynamic libraries.
Software
- Definition: Standard libraries are pre-compiled functions and procedures part of programming language distribution. They are linked during compilation.
- Examples: C standard library (libc), C++ standard library (libstdc++), Java standard library, Python standard library.
Software
- Definition: Data is raw, unprocessed facts, figures, symbols, or other values such as text, images, audio, video etc.
- Explanation: Data is collected, recorded, or generated through observations, measurements.
Software
- Definition: Documentation is a set of documents/ files that explains how to use, install, or operate a software (terms and conditions) etc.
- Note: Configurations files may also be provided with the software.
Software
- Definition: Software – a collection of programs, libraries, data, and documentation, singular logical object run on computer for specific tasks. Two categories:
- Application Software: Designed for user-specific tasks.
- System Software: Essential for computer operation.
Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
- The phases to develop a software application.
Software Development
- Team work.
- Good planning/ Project Management.
- Adopting new languages, platforms, frameworks.
- Following standard project management techniques(Examples: Scrum, XP).
- Decision-making based on customer satisfaction.
- Commitment, accountability, and sustainability.
- Clean, well-documented, efficient code.
- Maintaining user privacy/ confidentiality/ security.
Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
- Requirement Analysis: Identify needed software functionalities.
- System Design: High-level system architecture outlining components and interactions.
- Implementation (Coding): Write the software code.
- Testing: Test software's functionality and find bugs.
- Integration and Deployment: Integrate subsystems of the software for use.
- Maintenance and Support: Monitor software performance. Update, address flaws.
Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
- Step 2 — Design: Once the analysis is complete for requirements, the design process is started.
- Build basic architecture for project.
- Step 3 — Implementation: Task of coding/ development begins.
- Create UI (User Interface) Design.
- Step 4 — Testing: Checks functionality. Bug hunting, and documentation. Done by a team of testers using patterns.
- Step 5 — Deployment and Integration: Running, crucial for stakeholders.
Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
- Step 6 — Maintenance and Support: Ensuring software’s correct function after deployment. Upgrades and features are added.
Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
- Creating teams/cooperating with people, regardless of liking.
- Online platforms for communication (Examples: Slack, MS Teams, Discord)
- Project management tools(Examples: Asana, Basecamp, Jira).
- Collaborative coding platforms (Examples: GitHub, Bitbucket)
- Respect deadlines and commit to work.
- Dealing with challenging circumstances & unexpected incidents.
Software (Exercise)
- How to classify a Virtual Machine creator(Virtual Box)?
- How and which to classify for a linker and malware?
- Tasks that require expertise: hardware, software, firmware, middle ware, or malware?
- How is a program actively running on a computer called?
- When codes run concurrently what's their name?
- What does
kill -9 4533in GNU/Linux terminal mean? - Which part of SDLC is critical in software development project failure?
Software, Free, Open-source, or blackbox
- Proprietary Software : Developed by a company (Closed-source).
- Source code not disclosed.
- Usually not free; Maintenance is ensured.
- Open-Source Software : Allows public access to the source code.
- Open access means public view, use, modification and distribution.
- Encourages community collaboration and improvement.
Software Licenses
- Proofs showing a software usage right(e.g paper, digital)
- E.g., MS Windows, Apple MacOS, Safari
- Open-source : A license that grants the right to use, modify, and distribute the source
- E.g. GNU/Linux.
Ethics of Software Use
-
Respect Software Licensing Agreements – Avoid legal issues (lawsuits, fines), reputation damage, future problems from using software.
-
Avoid Software Piracy – Impacts software industry, risk malware, legal penalties.
-
Respect Intellectual Property Rights – Avoid lawsuits through respecting copyrights, patents and trademarks.
-
Regular updates and patches installation – Keeping software updated keeps it secure.
-
Use software for good – avoid harmful use.
-
End of presentation
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Description
This quiz covers Lecture 06 of the Information Technology Essentials course, focusing on software systems. Students will explore definitions and types of software, including system and application software, and their relationship with operating systems. Prepare to test your understanding of these fundamental concepts in computing.
