Information Technology Essentials - Lecture 06
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of system software?

  • To provide essential functions for computer operation (correct)
  • To perform specific tasks for users
  • To create and edit multimedia content
  • To run on top of other software

Which of the following statements is true regarding application software?

  • Application software can run independently without system software.
  • Application software is a type of system software.
  • Application software is always more complex than system software.
  • An application is software designed for specific tasks. (correct)

Which of the following is an example of application software?

  • Operating system
  • File management system
  • Web browser (correct)
  • Device driver

What is malware designed to do?

<p>Cause harm to computers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement differentiates application software from system software?

<p>Application software runs on top of system software. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically a function of system software?

<p>Editing documents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these tools is specifically designed for graphic processing?

<p>Adobe Photoshop (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you describe the relationship between application software and system software?

<p>Application software runs on top of system software. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of system software?

<p>To provide essential functions and services for a computer's operation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command can be used on Windows PCs to display running processes?

<p>taskmgt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes application software from general software?

<p>It requires system software to operate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to refer to software designed to cause harm to computers?

<p>Malware (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Process ID (PID) used to identify?

<p>Running processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can terminate a process on a Windows PC?

<p>Selecting it and hitting the 'End Process' button (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command can be used on GNU/Linux to display running processes?

<p>ps or top (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'application software' refer to?

<p>Software specifically designed to perform tasks for the user (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the Implementation stage in software development?

<p>Writing the source code of the software (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage is the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) specifically designed?

<p>System Design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phases follows the Implementation phase in the Software Development Lifecycle?

<p>Testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Testing phase in the software development lifecycle?

<p>To ensure the software works correctly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of software development, what does Maintenance and Support involve?

<p>Monitoring software behavior and providing updates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage is concerned with identifying and understanding requirements for the software?

<p>Requirement Analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the Integration and Deployment phase of software development?

<p>Combining subsystems and releasing the software (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common outcome of the Testing phase if issues are found?

<p>Bug documentation for fixing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first stage of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)?

<p>Requirement Analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase is the basic architecture of the software project built?

<p>System Design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is created during the Implementation phase of the SDLC?

<p>Source code (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Testing phase in the software development process?

<p>To identify bugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles is NOT typically involved in the System Design phase?

<p>Software Tester (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What task is included in the Maintenance and Support phase?

<p>Monitoring software behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the integration and deployment phase?

<p>Subsystems are assembled and deployed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase follows Requirement Analysis in the Software Development Lifecycle?

<p>System Design (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)?

<p>Requirement Analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the SDLC involves coding the software using a selected programming language?

<p>Implementation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Testing phase focus on in the software development process?

<p>Identifying bugs in the software (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following stages is aimed at monitoring software behavior and fixing flaws?

<p>Maintenance and Support (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the System Design phase in the SDLC?

<p>Creating a high-level architecture of the software (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the Integration and Deployment phase?

<p>Combining subsystems and deploying software for use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily assessed during the Requirement Analysis phase?

<p>Stakeholder needs for functionalities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase are user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) designs created?

<p>System Design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of system software?

<p>To manage computer hardware and operating system functions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding application software?

<p>Application software is designed for user-specific tasks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a malware?

<p>Software that is intended to cause harm to computers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command can be used to display running threads for Google Chrome on a GNU/Linux system?

<p>ps -aux | grep 'Chrome' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates a library from an application in software?

<p>Libraries contain pre-written code for use in software development, while applications are end-user programs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes static and dynamic libraries?

<p>Static libraries are compiled directly into executables and dynamic libraries are linked at runtime. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct relationship between application software and system software?

<p>Application software runs on top of system software. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do libraries in programming typically contain?

<p>Pre-written functions and routines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Software

A collection of programs, libraries, data, and documentation that runs on a computer to perform specific tasks.

System Software

Software that provides essential functions and services for a computer's operation.

Application Software

Software designed to perform specific tasks for the user.

Malware

Software designed to harm computers.

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Web Browser

Application software for accessing websites.

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Graphic Processing Tools

Application software for creating and editing images.

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Word Processing Tools

Application software for creating and editing documents.

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Spreadsheet Tools

Application software for working with data in tables.

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Software

A collection of programs, libraries, data, and documentation that runs on a computer to perform specific tasks.

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System Software

Software that provides essential functions and services for a computer's operation, like managing files or running programs.

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Application Software

Software designed to perform specific tasks for the user, not the computer's core functions.

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Malware

Software designed to cause harm to computers.

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Application vs. Software (Difference)

An application is a type of software, but not every piece of software is an application. Application software performs specific user tasks, whilst software in general includes all computer instructions.

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Process (computing)

A running program on a computer, identified by a PID (Process ID).

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Task Manager (Windows)

A utility in Windows used to view and manage active processes

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Task Manager (Linux)

A Linux utility to view and manage running processes (e.g., using ps or top commands).

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Software Definition

Collection of programs, libraries, data, and documentation for a computer to run specific tasks.

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System Software

Software managing computer's basic operations.

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Application Software

Software designed for specific user tasks like browsing or creating documents.

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Library (Software)

Collection of reusable, pre-written code modules used in software development.

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Static Library

Library where code is incorporated directly into the program.

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Dynamic Library

Library code linked and used only when needed, not included directly in program.

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Malware

Software designed to harm computers or steal data.

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Application vs. Software

All applications are software, but not all software is considered an application.

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Requirement Analysis

The initial stage of software development, focusing on understanding user needs and defining software requirements.

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System Design

Designing the software's architecture, outlining components and interactions.

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Implementation (Coding)

Writing the software code using a programming language.

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Software Testing

Checking the software for errors and bugs.

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Integration and Deployment

Connecting different parts of the software and making it available for use.

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Maintenance and Support

Monitoring and fixing problems after the software is released.

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Software Development Lifecycle

The overall process of developing software through several stages, from the start to the finish including maintenance

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Software System

Collection of programs that works together to achieve a task.

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Requirement Analysis

Identifying and understanding software needs and functionalities.

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System Design

Creating a high-level architecture for how the software will work.

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Implementation (Coding)

Writing the software's code using a programming language.

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Testing

Checking the software for errors and ensuring it works correctly.

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Integration and Deployment

Combining subsystems and making the software ready for use.

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Maintenance and Support

Monitoring and updating the software to address issues and user feedback.

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Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

The set of stages involved in creating a piece of software.

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Bugs Hunting

The task of identifying and fixing errors in software code.

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Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

The various stages involved in creating software, from initial planning to final maintenance.

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Requirement Analysis

Understanding and documenting the features and functionalities needed by users.

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System Design

Planning how different components in the software will work together.

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Implementation (Coding)

Writing the software code in a programming language.

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Testing

Checking the software for errors and bugs.

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Integration and Deployment

Connecting different parts of the software and making it available to users.

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Maintenance and Support

Looking after the software after it's released, fixing bugs and improving it.

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UI/UX Design

Designing the user interface and user experience for the software.

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Study Notes

Information Technology Essentials - Lecture 06

  • Lecture focused on Software Systems
  • Course taught by Dr. Karim Lounis
  • Fall 2024 semester
  • Lecture number 6 of 35

Software Systems

  • Software is a collection of programs, libraries, data, and documentation.
  • It acts as a singular logical entity for running on a computer to perform tasks.
  • Two main types of software:
    • System Software: Provides essential functions for computer operation.
    • Application Software: Designed to perform specific user tasks.

Software and Operating Systems

  • A lab on operating systems was completed as part of the course.
  • Students should be able to define an operating system (OS).
  • Software is the programs, libraries, data, and documentation for a computer.

Software

  • Definition: Software is a program, or computer program. It's a finite sequence of instructions written in a programming language to solve a problem
  • Two types: System and Application Software.
  • Note:
    • An application is a software, but software isn't always an application. Application Software runs on top of system software.
    • Software designed to harm computers is called malware.

Software

  • Definition: A single logical program (e.g., computer program). It's a finite sequence of commands to solve a problem.
  • Explanation: There are two major types.
  • Note:
    • Ada Lovelace (1815-1852) is a significant figure in software history, often recognized as a pioneer in software development.
    • When a program runs, this is called a process. Each process has identifier known as a PID.

Software

  • Definition: On Windows, use taskmgt command to view running processes.
    • Running processes can be viewed using the Windows Task manager.

Software

  • Definition: On GNU/Linux, use ps or top commands to display running processes.
  • Note: A process is identified by a PID(Process ID)
  • Example command: ps -aux | grep "Google Chrome"

Software

  • Definition: A library is a collection of pre-written, well-tested code like routines, functions, modules, packages, etc. A programmer can use it to develop or run a program.
  • Types: Static and Dynamic.
    • Static: Compiled libraries incorporated directly into the user's code.
    • Dynamic: Loaded at runtime from elsewhere.
  • Note: The different types of static libraries and dynamic libraries.

Software

  • Definition: Standard libraries are pre-compiled functions and procedures part of programming language distribution. They are linked during compilation.
  • Examples: C standard library (libc), C++ standard library (libstdc++), Java standard library, Python standard library.

Software

  • Definition: Data is raw, unprocessed facts, figures, symbols, or other values such as text, images, audio, video etc.
  • Explanation: Data is collected, recorded, or generated through observations, measurements.

Software

  • Definition: Documentation is a set of documents/ files that explains how to use, install, or operate a software (terms and conditions) etc.
  • Note: Configurations files may also be provided with the software.

Software

  • Definition: Software – a collection of programs, libraries, data, and documentation, singular logical object run on computer for specific tasks. Two categories:
    • Application Software: Designed for user-specific tasks.
    • System Software: Essential for computer operation.

Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

  • The phases to develop a software application.

Software Development

  • Team work.
  • Good planning/ Project Management.
  • Adopting new languages, platforms, frameworks.
  • Following standard project management techniques(Examples: Scrum, XP).
  • Decision-making based on customer satisfaction.
  • Commitment, accountability, and sustainability.
  • Clean, well-documented, efficient code.
  • Maintaining user privacy/ confidentiality/ security.

Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

  • Requirement Analysis: Identify needed software functionalities.
  • System Design: High-level system architecture outlining components and interactions.
  • Implementation (Coding): Write the software code.
  • Testing: Test software's functionality and find bugs.
  • Integration and Deployment: Integrate subsystems of the software for use.
  • Maintenance and Support: Monitor software performance. Update, address flaws.

Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

  • Step 2 — Design: Once the analysis is complete for requirements, the design process is started.
  • Build basic architecture for project.
  • Step 3 — Implementation: Task of coding/ development begins.
  • Create UI (User Interface) Design.
  • Step 4 — Testing: Checks functionality. Bug hunting, and documentation. Done by a team of testers using patterns.
  • Step 5 — Deployment and Integration: Running, crucial for stakeholders.

Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

  • Step 6 — Maintenance and Support: Ensuring software’s correct function after deployment. Upgrades and features are added.

Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

  • Creating teams/cooperating with people, regardless of liking.
  • Online platforms for communication (Examples: Slack, MS Teams, Discord)
  • Project management tools(Examples: Asana, Basecamp, Jira).
  • Collaborative coding platforms (Examples: GitHub, Bitbucket)
  • Respect deadlines and commit to work.
  • Dealing with challenging circumstances & unexpected incidents.

Software (Exercise)

  • How to classify a Virtual Machine creator(Virtual Box)?
  • How and which to classify for a linker and malware?
  • Tasks that require expertise: hardware, software, firmware, middle ware, or malware?
  • How is a program actively running on a computer called?
  • When codes run concurrently what's their name?
  • What does kill -9 4533 in GNU/Linux terminal mean?
  • Which part of SDLC is critical in software development project failure?

Software, Free, Open-source, or blackbox

  • Proprietary Software : Developed by a company (Closed-source).
    • Source code not disclosed.
    • Usually not free; Maintenance is ensured.
  • Open-Source Software : Allows public access to the source code.
    • Open access means public view, use, modification and distribution.
    • Encourages community collaboration and improvement.

Software Licenses

  • Proofs showing a software usage right(e.g paper, digital)
  • E.g., MS Windows, Apple MacOS, Safari
  • Open-source : A license that grants the right to use, modify, and distribute the source
  • E.g. GNU/Linux.

Ethics of Software Use

  • Respect Software Licensing Agreements – Avoid legal issues (lawsuits, fines), reputation damage, future problems from using software.

  • Avoid Software Piracy – Impacts software industry, risk malware, legal penalties.

  • Respect Intellectual Property Rights – Avoid lawsuits through respecting copyrights, patents and trademarks.

  • Regular updates and patches installation – Keeping software updated keeps it secure.

  • Use software for good – avoid harmful use.

  • End of presentation

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Information Technology Essentials Lecture 06 PDF

Description

This quiz covers Lecture 06 of the Information Technology Essentials course, focusing on software systems. Students will explore definitions and types of software, including system and application software, and their relationship with operating systems. Prepare to test your understanding of these fundamental concepts in computing.

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