Information Systems & Raw Data

• Middle Management carries out programs and plans of senior management.

Information Systems

• Information systems literacy involves a broader understanding of the management, organizational, and technical dimensions of systems.
• Management information systems (MIS) deals with behavioral and technical issues related to the development, use, and impact of information systems used by managers and employees.
• Management information systems (MIS) focuses primarily on knowledge of information technology.

Raw Data

• Input captures or collects raw data from within the organization or its external environment.
• Data is raw fact streams representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before being organized and ordered in a format people can understand and use.

Computer Hardware

• Computer hardware is the physical equipment used for input, processing, and output activities in an information system.
• Computer hardware consists of both physical devices and software, links various pieces of hardware, and transfers data from one physical location to another.

The Internet

• The World Wide Web is a service provided by the Internet that uses universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting, and displaying information in a page format.

Data

• Data management technology consists of the software governing the organization of data on physical storage media.

Key Organizational Tools

• Key organizational complementary investments involve a supportive business culture that values efficiency and effectiveness, an appropriate business model, efficient business processes, decentralization of authority, highly distributed decision rights, and a strong Information System (IS) development team.
• Complementary assets are those that require to derive value from a primary investment.

Resources

• A network links two or more computers to share data or resources, such as a printer.
• Intranets provide the connectivity to link different systems and networks within the firm.
• Extranets are private intranets extended to authorized users outside the organization.

Information

• Information is data that has been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings.
• Information technology (IT) consists of all the hardware and software that an organization needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives.
• A business model describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth.
• Senior management makes long-range strategic decisions about products and services and ensures the financial performance of the firm.
• Culture is the set of assumptions, values, and ways of doing things that has been accepted by most of its members.
• A digital firm is one in which nearly all of the organization's significant business relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled and mediated.

Systems

• The Sociotechnical View Of Systems is when optimal organizational performance is achieved by jointly optimizing both the social and technical systems used in production.
• Computer software consists of the detailed, preprogrammed instructions that control and coordinate computer hardware components in an information system.
• Processing converts raw input into a meaningful form.

Organization Tasks

• Main-major business functions are tasks performed by business organizations, they consist of sales and marketing, manufacturing and production, finance and accounting, and human resources.
• Data workers, like secretaries or offices, assist with scheduling and communications in all levels of the firm.
• Computer literacy focuses mainly on knowledge of information technologies.
• An information system can be technically defined as a set of interrelated components that collect (or retrieve), process, store, and distribute information to support decision-making and control in an organization.