Information Systems Overview

False (B)

They were large and expensive.

<p>vacuum tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Input Device = A device that allows users to enter data into a computer Output Device = A device that outputs information from a computer Storage Unit = A component that stores data for later use Motherboard = The main circuit board that holds the CPU and other components</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Machine language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transistors or integrated circuits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transistors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PDP</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Packed thousands of components on a single chip (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Second Generation = Transistors Third Generation = Integrated Circuits Fourth Generation = Microprocessors First Generation = Vacuum Tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Apple II or IBM PC</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data processing logic and control circuits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>AI may unlock new ways of using quantum computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>arithmetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artificial Intelligence = Systems that can learn and make decisions Quantum Computing = Computing that can solve problems beyond classical computers IBM Watson = An example of an AI system Google Quantum Computers = Currently in development for advanced computing capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Displacement of workers and change in workplaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

First generation computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for storage. They were large, expensive, used a lot of power, and required programming in machine language.

Vacuum tubes are electronic devices controlling electric current flow in a vacuum between electrodes. They were crucial components first generation computers.

The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) and UNIVAC (UNIVersal Automatic Computer) are significant examples of first generation computers.

The development of computers can be categorized into generations based on the technology used for their development.

The period of computer development heavily relies on advancements in technology, creating computers that are more powerful, smaller, and more efficient.

The various hardware and software components make up a computer system.

A computer system can be categorized into hardware, the physical components, and software, the instructions that tell the hardware what to do.

Input devices allow data to be entered into a computer system, output devices allow data to be displayed, and storage units are for storing information.

The second generation of computers, characterized by the use of transistors, which replaced vacuum tubes. They were smaller, more efficient, and reliable than their predecessors.

A semiconductor device that amplifies or switches electrical signals and power. It's a fundamental component in modern electronics.

The third generation of computers, characterized by the use of integrated circuits (ICs) that compressed thousands of components onto a single chip. This led to smaller, cheaper, and more reliable computers.

A miniature electronic circuit containing hundreds of thousands or millions of components, such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors, integrated on a single silicon chip. They revolutionized electronics by reducing size and cost and increasing reliability.

The fourth generation of computers, characterized by the invention of the microprocessor, which placed a complete computer processor on a single chip. This led to the development of personal computers and the widespread use of computers.

A complete computing processor on a single integrated circuit (IC) chip. It controls and manages all operations of a computer.

A graphical user interface (GUI) is a visual way to interact with a computer using graphical icons, menus, and other visual elements. It made computers more intuitive and accessible to users.

This refers to the use of personal computers in everyday life. It encompasses the rise of personal computers, laptops, smartphones, and the internet, transforming how we work, communicate, learn, and entertain ourselves.

A single integrated circuit that handles a computer's data processing, logic, and control functions. It essentially serves as the brain of the computer, processing instructions and performing calculations.

The fifth generation of computing focuses on advanced technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing, aiming to create systems capable of learning, decision-making, and potentially solving complex problems beyond conventional computers' limitations.

This type of computing uses the principles of quantum mechanics, allowing for the manipulation of quantum bits (qubits). It has the potential to solve problems that are impossible for classical computers, such as breaking complex encryption algorithms and simulating complex molecules.

The ability of computers to learn and make decisions like humans. It involves developing systems that can process information, recognize patterns, and make predictions based on data.

AI can enhance quantum computing by providing new approaches to algorithm design and problem-solving. Conversely, quantum computing can boost AI by offering faster processing and greater computational power.

Concerns that AI could lead to privacy breaches, job displacement, social inequality, and even the creation of machines surpassing human intelligence.

Computers have a significant impact on society, influencing social interactions, work environments, and even the structure of society itself. They can create both opportunities and challenges.

The potential for AI to surpass human intelligence and pose a significant threat to humanity, leading to unpredictable consequences.