CH 11

The complex process of creating and implementing information systems.

Choosing between developing software from scratch or buying an existing solution.

A series of phases for developing software, from planning to maintenance.

A software development approach creating early versions of a system to get user feedback.

An iterative and flexible approach to software development focusing on user feedback.

Combining software development and IT operations to improve speed and efficiency.

Software with freely available source code, often developed by a community.

Users creating some of their own software applications.

Prospective end-users and managers are crucial to the success of Information System (IS) projects.

Evaluating the technical, operational, and economic viability of an IS project.

Identifying and documenting system requirements, leading to a system requirements document.

Creating the structure of a system, specifying hardware, languages, and data structures.

Translating the system design into executable code with clear documentation.

Formally evaluating system components and the complete application to check correctness.

Loading the system onto hardware, populating databases, and handling migration if replacing an existing system.

Addressing errors found after testing and implementing enhancements during the IS's operational phase.

Agile emphasizes adaptability and speed over extensive planning, focusing on development rather than upfront planning. It values teamwork and customer involvement throughout the process.

Small, cross-functional teams comprising developers, a customer representative, and daily face-to-face meetings, characterized by open communication and a physical workspace.

Breaking down projects into small, self-contained units (components) for manageable development and delivery, with set time and resources for each component's completion.

Agile methodology prioritizes consistent customer involvement throughout the project lifecycle, allowing for continuous feedback and adaptation.

Agile emphasizes testing at every project phase. This iterative testing approach helps find and address problems early.

Hiring external companies (software houses) to develop custom software applications instead of using the firm's own IT professionals.

Only outsourcing specific stages of software development, like programming or testing, to external companies.

Hiring an external provider to handle the entire software development lifecycle, from planning to deployment and maintenance.

Ready-made software packages that can be purchased and implemented directly, offering a pre-built solution for specific tasks.

A document outlining the requirements and expectations for a proposed software system, used to solicit bids from potential vendors.

Integrating technology with people, processes, and structure in an organization.

Creating a software application specifically for an organization's unique needs.

Implementing pre-existing software from a vendor.

Deciding whether to create software (make) or purchase it (buy).

Tailored solutions, high control. No licensing fees.

Faster implementation, access to vendor expertise, potentially cheaper, and quality software.

Identifying features and requirements for a proposed information system.

Combining all parts of the system (tech, processes, people, and structure) to work together smoothly.

A document sent to potential vendors, outlining the firm's requirements and seeking their proposed solutions.

Features absolutely necessary for a software to meet the firm's core requirements.

Features that enhance the software's functionality, offering additional benefits beyond core requirements.

Features that are nice to have but not crucial for the software's basic functionality.

A preliminary list of potential vendors who meet the basic requirements for a software solution.

A final list of vendors, ranked based on their suitability for the firm's needs.

The process of agreeing on the terms and conditions of acquiring and using the chosen software solution.

Customizing a purchased software solution to align with the firm's specific needs.

The effort required to adapt workflows and educate employees to use a new software system.

Involving employees and users in the software selection process to minimize rejection risks.