Information Systems Development Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Agile methodologies?

  • Collaboration with motivated developers
  • Involvement of customers
  • Dynamic requirements
  • Fixed scope from the beginning (correct)

    • Extreme Programming emphasizes solitary working methods over teamwork.

    False

    What is the primary purpose of information systems analysis and design?

  • To develop and maintain computer-based information systems (correct)
  • To develop marketing strategies
  • To conduct employee training sessions
  • To create operational budgets

    • What phase of the Rational Unified Process involves defining the project scope and understanding user requirements?

    <p>Inception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) consists of a single step approach to system development.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ phase of the Rational Unified Process is where users are trained and the system is deployed.

    <p>transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does RAD stand for in the context of information systems development?

    <p>Rapid Application Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts to their descriptions:

    <p>Object = Encapsulates attributes and behaviors of a real-world entity Inheritance = Allows subclasses to inherit properties from superclasses Object Class = A grouping of objects with shared attributes RUP = A structured object-oriented development methodology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tools in information systems development are typically __________ programs that assist in using techniques effectively.

    <p>computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following decades with their key focus in systems analysis and design:

    <p>1950s = Efficient automation of existing processes 1960s = Advent of third generation languages 1970s = System development as an engineering discipline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which methodology is known for developing software in incremental cycles?

    <p>Agile methodologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools help in improving the quality of the final product in software engineering.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of methodologies in information systems development?

    <p>To guide work through comprehensive multiple step approaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major focus of the 1990s in systems analysis and design?

    <p>Systems Integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The only role of a systems analyst is to design information systems.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does SDLC stand for?

    <p>Systems Development Life Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the __________ phase of SDLC, system requirements are studied and structured.

    <p>Analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) with their corresponding descriptions:

    <p>Planning = Identify and prioritize information system needs Analysis = Study and structure system requirements Design = Convert solution recommendations into specifications Implementation = Deploy the completed system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'logical design'?

    <p>A detailed description of system features independent of the computer platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The physical design phase transforms logical specifications into technology-specific details.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of applications became prominent in the new century?

    <p>Web applications and cloud-based application services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A systems analyst is primarily responsible for __________ and designing information systems.

    <p>analyzing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which generation language advanced significantly in the 1980s?

    <p>Fourth generation languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the implementation phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

    <p>The information system is coded, tested, installed, and supported.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Waterfall SDLC allows for extensive backtracking between phases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using Agile methodologies in development?

    <p>Increased flexibility and iterative development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the ________ phase of the SDLC, an information system is systematically repaired and improved.

    <p>maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each approach to its description:

    <p>CASE Tools = Tools for graphical representation and analysis Rapid Application Development (RAD) = Method to quickly develop applications Agile Methodologies = Iterative development with user feedback eXtreme Programming = Focus on improving software quality and responsiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a problem associated with the Waterfall approach?

    <p>Limited user involvement after the requirements phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CASE tools can help standardize technical documentation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the analysis tools in CASE Tools verify?

    <p>Consistency in diagrams, forms, and reports.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ________ repository in CASE tools provides integrated storage of diagrams and project specifications.

    <p>central</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase in the Systems Development Life Cycle comes after implementation?

    <p>Maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the Rapid Application Development (RAD) approach?

    <p>Emphasizes extensive user involvement and prototyping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) focuses on building systems by integrating hardware components.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three key principles of Agile Methodologies?

    <p>Adaptive rather than predictive, emphasize people rather than roles, self-adaptive processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    RAD involves extensive user involvement, prototyping, and ______________ sessions.

    <p>Joint Application Design (JAD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following methodologies with their key focus:

    <p>Rapid Application Development (RAD) = User involvement and prototyping Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) = Software component assembly Agile Methodologies = Adaptive processes and people Waterfall Model = Sequential phases and documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Agile Methodologies?

    <p>Fluid, unpredictable, and dynamic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Integrated CASE tools are not part of the Rapid Application Development (RAD) process.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)?

    <p>To build complete systems by assembling software components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Agile Methodologies, the focus shifts from processes to ___________.

    <p>people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically associated with Rapid Application Development (RAD)?

    <p>Sequential development phases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Course Information

    • Course Title: Information Systems Analysis and Design
    • Course Number: IT 352
    • Instructor: Haifa Alhasson
    • Year: 2020

    Brief List of Topics

    • Overview of Information System development environment
    • Managing the Information Systems Project
    • Identifying and Selecting Systems Development Projects
    • Initiating and Planning Systems Development Projects
    • Determining system requirements
    • Structuring System Process Requirements
    • Designing information systems
    • System Implementation
    • Maintaining Information Systems

    Reference

    • Modern Systems Analysis and Design, 6th/8th Edition
    • By Hoffer, George & Valacich, 2012/2017

    Chapter 1: The Systems Development Environment

    Learning Objectives

    • Define information systems analysis and design
    • Describe the information Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
    • Explain Rapid Application Development (RAD), prototyping, Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE), and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
    • Describe agile methodologies and extreme programming
    • Explain Object-Oriented Analysis and Design and the Rational Unified Process (RUP)

    Introduction

    • Information Systems Analysis and Design is a complex organizational process
    • Used to develop and maintain computer-based information systems
    • Used by a team of business and systems professionals

    Introduction (Cont.)

    • Driven by methodologies, techniques, and tools
    • Methodologies are comprehensive multiple-step approaches that guide work and influence final product quality
    • Techniques are specific processes analysts follow to ensure clarity and effectiveness for others
    • Tools are computer programs that make techniques easy to use and follow development guidelines

    A Modern Approach to Systems Analysis and Design

    • 1950s: focus on efficient automation of existing processes
    • 1960s: advent of third-generation languages (3GL), faster and more reliable computers
    • 1970s: system development becomes more like an engineering discipline
    • 1980s: major breakthrough with fourth-generation languages (4GL), CASE tools, object-oriented methods
    • 1990s: focus on systems integration, graphical user interface (GUI) applications, client/server platforms, Internet
    • The new century: Web application development, wireless PDAs and smart phones, component-based applications, per-use cloud-based application services

    Application Software

    • Computer software designed to support organizational functions or processes

    Systems Analyst

    • Organizational role most responsible for analysis and design of information systems

    Developing Information Systems

    • System Development Methodology is the standard process followed by an organization to conduct every step for analyzing, designing, implementing, and maintaining information systems

    Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

    • Traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems
    • Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation, Maintenance

    Standard and Evolutionary Views of SDLC

    • A standard view follows sequential phases, proceeding from planning to maintenance.
    • An evolutionary view describes how phases can occur, adapting and changing as new information arises, with emphasis on iterative development.

    Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) (Cont.)

    • Planning: Identifying, analyzing, prioritizing, and arranging an organization's total information system needs
    • Analysis: Studying and structuring system requirements

    Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) (Cont.)

    • Design: Converting recommended solutions into logical and physical system specifications
      • Logical design: Describing functional features without specifying platform
      • Physical design: Translating logical specifications into technology details for programming and system construction

    Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) (Cont.)

    • Implementation: Coding, testing, installing, and supporting the information system within the organization
    • Maintenance: Systematically repairing and improving the information system

    Products of SDLC Phases

    • Detailed tables describe products, outputs, and deliverables for Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation, and Maintenance phases.

    The Heart of the Systems Development Process

    A cyclical approach combining analysis, design, and implementation activities.

    • Key activities are repeated as needed.

    Traditional Waterfall SDLC

    • In Waterfall SDLC, one phase is completed before entering the next phase.
    • Backtracking is limited because each phase must be completed before the next begins.

    Problems with Waterfall Approach

    • System requirements are fixed after initial determination.
    • User involvement is limited to the requirements phase.
    • Focus on milestones/deadlines of SDLC phases, compromising development sound practices

    Different Approaches to Improving Development

    • CASE Tools
    • Rapid Application Development (RAD)
    • Agile Methodologies
    • eXtreme Programming

    Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) Tools

    • Diagramming tools for graphical representation
    • Computer displays and report generators for prototyping system "look and feel"
    • Analysis tools for consistency checks in diagrams, forms, and reports
    • Central repository for integrated storage of diagrams, reports, and project management specifications
    • Documentation generators for standardization
    • Code generators for automated program and database code generation

    Rapid Application Development (RAD)

    • RAD is an approach aiming for quicker, cheaper systems by involving developers and end-users concurrently
    • Includes extensive user involvement, prototyping, Joint Application Design (JAD) sessions, integrated CASE tools, and code generators

    Rapid Application Development (RAD) (Cont.)

    Life cycle typically starts with requirements planning, followed by user design, construction, and cutover

    Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

    • Using assembling software components that fulfill specific business functions as part of the system design

    Agile Methodologies

    • An adaptive approach to software development; recognizes that development is dynamic.
    • Three key principles: adaptive, people-focused, self-adaptive
    • Emphasizes flexibility in response to changing conditions

    When to use Agile Methodologies

    • Unpredictable or dynamic requirements
    • Responsible and motivated developers
    • Customers who understand the process and will get involved

    eXtreme Programming

    • Short, incremental development cycles
    • Automated tests
    • Two-person programming teams

    Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD)

    • Focuses on objects rather than data or processes
    • Objects encapsulate attributes and behaviors of real-world entities
    • Object class is a grouping of objects possessing the same attributes and behaviors

    Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) (Cont.)

    • Inheriting properties of super classes (hierarchical arrangement of classes) allows for code reuse

    Rational Unified Process (RUP)

    • A phased object-oriented development methodology (inception, elaboration, construction, and transition)
    • Inception phase: define scope, feasibility, and user requirements
    • Elaboration phase: detail user requirements and outline base line architecture
    • Construction phase: coding, testing, and documentation
    • Transition phase: deployment, training, and user support

    Summary

    • Key concepts and methods for systems development are covered in this chapter. Various alternative frameworks to SDLC are explained, including RAD, Agile, and Object-Oriented approaches (such as RUP).

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    IT 352 Information Systems Analysis And Design PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge about Agile methodologies, information systems analysis, and the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC). This quiz covers various concepts, phases of development processes, and methodologies used in software development. Assess your understanding of key concepts and terminology in the field of information systems.

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