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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of data protection laws?
What is the primary purpose of data protection laws?
- To prevent unauthorized access to data.
- To allow authorized users to access certain data.
- To ensure data can be recovered if lost or corrupted.
- To govern how data should be kept private and secure. (correct)
Which of the following best describes 'data security'?
Which of the following best describes 'data security'?
- An agreement allowing an individual to use a computer or network server.
- Laws ensuring data is kept private.
- Methods preventing unauthorized data access and enabling recovery of lost/corrupted data. (correct)
- The privacy of personal information stored on a computer.
What is the main function of a firewall?
What is the main function of a firewall?
- To encrypt data.
- To identify users through unique characteristics.
- To monitor and filter network traffic. (correct)
- To remove spyware programs.
Which of the following is the purpose of anti-spyware software?
Which of the following is the purpose of anti-spyware software?
Which of the following actions describes hacking?
Which of the following actions describes hacking?
What does the term 'authentication' refer to in the context of computer security?
What does the term 'authentication' refer to in the context of computer security?
Which of the following provides an individual the right to use a computer or network server?
Which of the following provides an individual the right to use a computer or network server?
What is the purpose of 'encryption'?
What is the purpose of 'encryption'?
Which of the following activities constitutes 'phishing'?
Which of the following activities constitutes 'phishing'?
What is the intention behind 'malicious hacking'?
What is the intention behind 'malicious hacking'?
Which term refers to altering IP addresses on a DNS server to redirect users to a fake website?
Which term refers to altering IP addresses on a DNS server to redirect users to a fake website?
How does 'ethical hacking' differ from 'hacking'?
How does 'ethical hacking' differ from 'hacking'?
Which of the following uses unique human characteristics to identify a user?
Which of the following uses unique human characteristics to identify a user?
What is a primary goal of malware?
What is a primary goal of malware?
Which of the following describes the concept of 'Access rights (data security)'?
Which of the following describes the concept of 'Access rights (data security)'?
Which scenario best describes the impact of successful 'DNS cache poisoning'?
Which scenario best describes the impact of successful 'DNS cache poisoning'?
How might a company utilize 'ethical hacking' to improve its data security?
How might a company utilize 'ethical hacking' to improve its data security?
Consider a scenario where an attacker intercepts encrypted data. What is the attacker missing to decipher the data?
Consider a scenario where an attacker intercepts encrypted data. What is the attacker missing to decipher the data?
A company's internal network is segmented using firewalls. What security principle does this primarily support?
A company's internal network is segmented using firewalls. What security principle does this primarily support?
Which of the following illustrates a scenario where 'data privacy' is directly compromised?
Which of the following illustrates a scenario where 'data privacy' is directly compromised?
How do data protection laws relate to the concept of data privacy?
How do data protection laws relate to the concept of data privacy?
An attacker spoofs a legitimate website and aims to steal user credentials, which attack best fits this description?
An attacker spoofs a legitimate website and aims to steal user credentials, which attack best fits this description?
Which of the following concepts ensures that only authorized individuals can access specific data, aligning with the principle of least privilege?
Which of the following concepts ensures that only authorized individuals can access specific data, aligning with the principle of least privilege?
What is the MOST effective mitigation strategy against phishing attacks targeting employees within an organization?
What is the MOST effective mitigation strategy against phishing attacks targeting employees within an organization?
In the context of network security, what is the PRIMARY difference between a firewall and anti-spyware software?
In the context of network security, what is the PRIMARY difference between a firewall and anti-spyware software?
A security analyst discovers that an attacker has successfully redirected a company's web traffic to a fraudulent site. Which type of attack is MOST likely to have occurred?
A security analyst discovers that an attacker has successfully redirected a company's web traffic to a fraudulent site. Which type of attack is MOST likely to have occurred?
An organization implements a policy requiring users to authenticate with a username, password, and a fingerprint scan. This is an example of:
An organization implements a policy requiring users to authenticate with a username, password, and a fingerprint scan. This is an example of:
Which of the following scenarios represents the MOST direct violation of data privacy principles?
Which of the following scenarios represents the MOST direct violation of data privacy principles?
Differentiate between 'pharming' and 'phishing' attacks.
Differentiate between 'pharming' and 'phishing' attacks.
Which of the following illustrates a proactive approach to managing data security?
Which of the following illustrates a proactive approach to managing data security?
An attacker modifies IP addresses on a DNS server in order to redirect a user to a malicious website. What type of attack is this?
An attacker modifies IP addresses on a DNS server in order to redirect a user to a malicious website. What type of attack is this?
What is the ultimate aim of data security methods?
What is the ultimate aim of data security methods?
You discover that a colleague is engaging in 'malicious hacking'. Which action should you take FIRST?
You discover that a colleague is engaging in 'malicious hacking'. Which action should you take FIRST?
Consider the trade-offs between security and usability. Which security measure offers robust protection but may significantly inconvenience users?
Consider the trade-offs between security and usability. Which security measure offers robust protection but may significantly inconvenience users?
You observe someone attempting to gain physical access to a server room by using another employee's access card without their knowledge. This is BEST described as:
You observe someone attempting to gain physical access to a server room by using another employee's access card without their knowledge. This is BEST described as:
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of 'Data Privacy'?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of 'Data Privacy'?
Imagine a scenario where an employee receives a seemingly legitimate email asking them to update their password by clicking on a link. The link directs them to a fake website that looks identical to the company's login page. If the employee enters their credentials, what type of attack are they MOST likely experiencing?
Imagine a scenario where an employee receives a seemingly legitimate email asking them to update their password by clicking on a link. The link directs them to a fake website that looks identical to the company's login page. If the employee enters their credentials, what type of attack are they MOST likely experiencing?
A disgruntled employee intentionally modifies critical system files, leading to a significant disruption of services. Which of the following security concepts has been MOST directly violated?
A disgruntled employee intentionally modifies critical system files, leading to a significant disruption of services. Which of the following security concepts has been MOST directly violated?
Flashcards
Data privacy
Data privacy
The privacy of personal information stored on a computer that should not be accessed by unauthorized parties.
Data protection laws
Data protection laws
Laws that govern how data should be kept private and secure.
Data security
Data security
Methods to prevent unauthorized access to data and to recover data if lost or corrupted.
User account
User account
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Authentication
Authentication
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Access rights (data security)
Access rights (data security)
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Malware
Malware
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Firewall
Firewall
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Anti-spyware software
Anti-spyware software
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Encryption
Encryption
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Biometrics
Biometrics
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Hacking
Hacking
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Malicious hacking
Malicious hacking
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Ethical hacking
Ethical hacking
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Phishing
Phishing
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Pharming
Pharming
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DNS cache poisoning
DNS cache poisoning
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Study Notes
- Key terms in information security are outlined.
Data Security
- Data privacy refers to protecting personal information or other data stored on a computer from unauthorized access.
- Data protection laws govern how data should be kept private and secure.
- Data security involves methods to prevent unauthorized data access and to recover data if it is lost or corrupted.
- Access rights, a data security measure, utilizes access levels to ensure only authorized users can access specific data.
User Accounts & Authentication
- A user account is an agreement allowing an individual to use a computer or network server, typically requiring a username and password.
- Authentication is the process of verifying someone or something's claimed identity.
Malware & Hacking
- Malware is malicious software that aims to damage or gain unauthorized access to a computer system.
- A firewall, whether software or hardware, sits between a computer and an external network to monitor and filter all incoming and outgoing activities.
- Anti-spyware software detects and removes illegally installed spyware programs from a user's computer system.
- Encryption uses encryption keys to make data meaningless without the correct decryption key.
- Biometrics uses unique human characteristics, like fingerprints or facial recognition, to identify a user.
- Hacking is defined as illegal access to a computer system without the owner's permission.
- Malicious hacking is hacking with the intent to harm a computer system or user, potentially through deletion of files or private data.
- Ethical hacking is hacking to test the security and vulnerability of a computer system with the owner's permission, often to identify risks.
- Phishing employs legitimate-looking emails to trick recipients into providing personal data to the sender.
- Pharming redirects a user to a fake website to illegally obtain personal data.
- DNS cache poisoning alters IP addresses on a DNS server to redirect a user to a fake website.
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