Information Privacy Chapter 5

Privacy is not a natural right, but a right that is beneficial to society. Rational people recognize it's important to have privacy protections.

Modern life, despite advances in technology, might be more private than historical societies, due to reduced extended family living, more individual transportation, and different entertainment options.

In a world of strangers, people use methods like credentials and tests to establish their trustworthiness and build reputations.

A way to judge if an action is morally right or wrong by considering the overall consequences of everyone acting in that way.

The Sullivans secretly monitored their nanny using a camera in their family room, without informing her.

People have expectations of privacy, especially within their own homes. This theory suggests society has a responsibility to protect those expectations.

Secretly monitoring the nanny violated her reasonable expectation of privacy in their home.

Labels identifying people in photos on Facebook.

Facebook uses facial recognition to suggest friends in photos.

Cell phone providers track locations for emergency response.

Programs that offer discounts to frequent shoppers.

Computers analyze purchase history to tailor offers.

3-D scanners used to recommend and produce custom clothes.

Radio-frequency identification tags used for tracking inventory and information.

RFID tags can be used to track items if they cannot be removed.

Employees can quickly and more accurately track inventory using RFID Tags.

Facebook collects data on who sees tag suggestions in photos, posts you're tagged in, and tags added to your posts.

Facebook uses various factors, like relationship status, job, education, and data from partners, to target ads.

Netflix offered a $1 million prize for a better algorithm to predict user movie ratings, using user data, including movie ratings.

AOL released user search query data, which raised privacy issues and led to user identification despite anonymity measures.

Lotus Development's plans to sell a consumer database drew complaints and concerns about personal info privacy, leading to abandoning the plans.

Data collections, like those of Netflix, AOL searches, and consumer databases, can compromise privacy if not handled carefully.

Small chips implanted in domesticated dogs in Taiwan, containing owner's information for lost dog recovery.

Radio-frequency identification tags used in humans to store medical information or act as a debit card.

Many mobile apps collect location data and sell it to advertisers. Examples are Angry Birds or flashlights.

A company that analyzes data collected from over 500,000 mobile apps, gaining access to location and user data.

A method of logging into other websites or apps using Facebook credentials, giving app access to user information.

OnStar provides emergency, security, navigation, and diagnostics services, often integrated into car mirrors with two-way communication and GPS.

Devices in modern cars, recording data like speed, braking pressure, and seat belt status for accident investigation.

Digital medical records, offering quick and cheap information sharing among caregivers, potentially impacting medical costs and quality.

A political consulting firm that used data analytics to target voters.

A firm that partnered with Robert Mercer to form Cambridge Analytica.

A developer who created a Facebook app to collect user data.

Gathering personal data of millions of Facebook users via an app.

Classifying voters based on personality traits.

Tailoring political ads based on voter data.

Unauthorized sharing of personal data without consent.

Facebook's response to the data breach, suspending accounts involved.

Zuckerberg's Congressional testimony about the data scandal.

The right to control access to and use of one's personal information.

The process of analyzing large datasets to identify patterns, trends, and insights.

Any action that infringes on an individual's right to control their personal information.

Privacy relates to controlling who has access to your information.

Computers, databases, and the internet increasingly collect, share, and combine information about individuals.

The belief that people possess a natural right to be free from unwanted intrusion into their personal lives, thoughts, and possessions. This is rooted in the concept of autonomy and self-determination.

The right to be let alone; a legal concept recognizing the importance of individuals' seclusion and freedom from unwarranted observation.

The challenging of the idea that privacy is a fundamental right, often questioning how privacy can be defined or whether violation of privacy always leads to a violation of rights.

A concept suggesting the home provides a space for privacy and refuge from outside intrusions.

The advantages of personal seclusion, including fostering personal growth, self-reliance, and intimate relationships.

Privacy is a right that benefits society, not a natural right.

Modern life might be more private than earlier eras, despite technology.

In a world of strangers, establishing reputation is crucial.

Judging an action's morality by considering the overall consequences if everyone acted that way.

The Sullivans secretly monitored their nanny with a camera.

Society protects an individual's privacy expectations, especially at home.

Secretly monitoring the nanny violated her reasonable expectation of privacy.

A method of evaluating actions by universalizing the rule behind them, testing for self-defeating outcomes.

An approach evaluating an action by considering if the action aligns with the character of a virtuous person.

Information about an event or action reported to a government agency to inform the public.

Data held by private companies, often through voluntary actions or purchases.

The process of collecting information and the implications it has on personal privacy.

Small chips implanted in dogs in Taiwan, containing owner's information, to help reunite lost pets with their owners.

Radio-frequency identification tags used in humans to store medical information or act as a debit card.

Many mobile apps collect location data and sell it to advertisers.

A company that analyzes data from many mobile apps, gaining access to user location and other data.

A way to log into websites or apps using Facebook credentials, allowing the app access to your Facebook account information.

A communication system in cars, providing services such as emergency, security, navigation, and diagnostics.

Devices in cars that maintain data, including speed and braking information, for accident investigations.

Digital medical records, used to share information efficiently among caregivers.

Privacy enables personal growth, responsibility, freedom, self-expression and development of meaningful relationships.

The right to be left alone; a legal concept focusing on seclusion and freedom from unwanted observation.

Challenges the idea that privacy is a fundamental right, questioning its definition and whether privacy violations always implicate other rights.

The concept of the home offering privacy and refuge from unwanted intrusions.

Labels used to identify people in photos on Facebook.

Cell phone providers track location data to aid emergency response.

Loyalty programs offering discounts to frequent shoppers.

Computers use purchase history to offer tailored deals.

3-D scanners in stores use measurements to recommend clothes.

Radio-frequency tags used to track inventory and information.

RFID tags enable item tracking if not removable.

RFID tags speed up inventory processes and reduce errors.

Small chips implanted in dogs in Taiwan, containing owner information for lost pet recovery.

Radio-frequency identification tags used in humans to store medical info or act as a debit card.

Many mobile apps collect location data and sell it to advertisers.

A company that analyzes data from many mobile apps, gaining user location and other data.

Log into websites/apps with Facebook credentials, granting app access to your Facebook info.

Car communication system offering emergency, security, navigation, and diagnostics services.

Devices in cars recording data like speed & braking for accident investigations.

Digital medical records, allowing quick info sharing among healthcare providers.

A targeted advertising tool where Facebook automatically broadcast purchase information of users to their friends.

A policy that automatically enrolled users in the advertising program unless they opted out.

Malls tracked shopper movement by tracking cell phone locations in 2011.

Path app uploaded users' iPhone address books without permission.

Instagram's 2012 proposed terms allowed use of photos in ads without permission.

Users can control the amount of data Google collects about their activities.

A Google tool to pause the collection of personal data, including search queries, location, contacts, and recordings.

Google tracks device location, including travel patterns, frequency, duration, and routes.

Analyzing user preferences to predict others' preferences, commonly used by online retailers and movie sites.

Directly asking users to rank their preferences.

Tracking purchases to infer preferences.

Determining who controls information about purchases (buyer, seller, or both).

Consumers explicitly grant permission for companies to share information.

Companies can share information until consumers forbid it.

Identifying and targeting potential customers (pregnant women) by observing their shopping habits.

Records of an individual's assets, debts, and payment history, sold to lenders to assess creditworthiness.

Organizations that compile and maintain credit reports for individuals.

Sending advertisements only to potential customers likely to purchase.

Companies that collect and sell information about individuals for marketing purposes.

Personalizing political campaigns or marketing efforts by targeting specific groups.

Using social network data for various purposes, such as promotions, deploying officers, and assessing creditworthiness.

Options on Facebook to control who sees your information and activities.

A way to judge if an action is morally right or wrong by checking if the rule behind it would create problems if everyone applied it.

A way to evaluate actions by considering whether they're consistent with the qualities of a virtuous person.

Information a government agency makes available to the public about an event or action.

Data held by private companies, often about purchases or voluntary disclosure.

The process of collecting information and its impact on personal privacy.

A case where employers secretly monitored an employee, raising privacy concerns.

Users can control the amount of data Google saves about their activities.

A Google tool that lets users pause the collection of personal information and activity data.

Information about searches performed through Google.

Google collects data about device location, including travel patterns, frequency, duration, and routes.

Data related to contacts and calendar entries.

Google collects recordings from devices with voice activated features.

Information about searches performed on YouTube.

Data about the YouTube videos you have watched.

A data mining technique that analyzes vast amounts of user preference data to predict what others will like.

A method of collaborative filtering to predict preferences where users explicitly state their preferences.

A method of collaborative filtering to predict preferences by tracking user actions and behaviors.

The question of who controls information associated with transactions.

A permission-based approach where a consumer explicitly grants consent.

An approach where organizations can share information unless explicitly disallowed by the consumer.

Automatic targeted advertising where Facebook broadcasts purchase information of users to their friends.

Facebook collects data on who sees tag suggestions in photos, posts you're tagged in, and tags added to your posts.

Facebook uses factors like relationship status, job, education, and data from partners to target ads.

Users were automatically enrolled in Facebook's advertising program unless they opted out.

Netflix offered a $1 million prize for a better algorithm to predict user movie ratings, using user data, including movie ratings.

Malls tracked shopper movement by monitoring location using shoppers' cell phones in 2011.

Path app uploaded users' iPhone address book data without their permission in 2012.

AOL released user search query data, raising privacy issues and leading to user identification despite anonymity measures.

Lotus's plans to sell a consumer database drew complaints about privacy concerns regarding personal information, leading to abandoning the plans.

Instagram's 2012 proposed terms allowed use of photos in ads without permission.