Information and Communications Technology Quiz

Introduction to Computers

• A computer is a programmable device that processes input data into useful output information.
• It's made up of electronic and electromechanical components.
• A computer takes input (numbers, text, sound, images, video) and converts it into output.

Computer System

• Computers, cell phones, televisions, radios, and satellite systems are all part of Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
• ICT is technology used to get needed information. It electronically stores, retrieves, manipulates, transmits, and receives information in digital form.
• The term "Digital Age" refers to a period marked by a shift from traditional industries to an information-technology-based economy.
• The Digital Revolution is the development of technology from analog to digital.

Digital Age (Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow)

• Computers are integral in daily life. Billions of people use computers daily (PCs, laptops, smartphones).
• Common applications include word processors, internet, web development, GPS systems, mobile phones, and weather prediction.

Digital Age (Information Age)

• It's a historical period in the 21st century.
• Characterized by a rapid shift from traditional industries toward an economy based on information technology.

Computer Definition

• A computer is a programmable device that processes input data into useful output information.
• Computers are composed of electronic and electromechanical components.

Data and Information

• Data is unprocessed information, often numerical values or instructions.
• Information is processed data, providing insights or details.
• Information tells you something new or unknown before.

Data and Information Example

• Example Data might be a list of raw ingredients or sales figures before calculation
• Example Information might be the total expense of the food item or sales statistics

Properties of a Computer

• High speed: Computers can analyze data quickly.
• Accuracy: Computers typically do not make mistakes.
• Data Storage: Computers can store large amounts of data.
• Data Sharing: Computers can share data with other computers.

Components of a Computer

• Hardware: Physical components of a computer:

  • Input Devices (Keyboard, Mouse, Microphone, Scanner)
  • Output Devices (Monitor, Printer, Speaker, Projector, Smart Screen)
  • System Unit (CPU, RAM, Motherboard, Video Card, Sound Card)
  • Storage Device (Hard disk, Flash memory)
  • Communication Device (Wireless router, Modem, LAN card)

• Software: Instructions that control hardware:

  • Operating System (controls the hardware)
  • Application Programs (specific programs)

Computer Parts (Components)

• The slides show the various parts of a contemporary computer, including the processor, RAM, motherboard, hard drive, optical drive, power supply, printer, monitor, and keyboard.

Introduction to Computer (History)

• The first electronic digital computers were developed in the USA during 1946.

Computer Input Devices

• Devices that input data into the computer (keyboards, mice, scanners).

Computer Output Devices

• Devices that output data (monitors, printers, speakers).

Computer Storage Devices

• Hardware used to store and retrieve data (hard drives, flash drives).

System Unit

• The case containing electronic components and equipment used to process data. The system unit contains numerous components.

Communication Devices

• Used to transmit data between computers or devices (wireless adapter, network adapters, modems).

Computer Software

• Software refers to programs that control how a computer operates.
• Examples include antivirus software, databases, internet browsers, email clients, and application programs. Examples include Microsoft Word, Excel, and other productivity tools.