Information and Communication Technology Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is a common function of computer speakers?

  • To produce stereo sound (correct)
  • To provide hard copies of documents
  • To interface with the operating system
  • To connect to external storage devices

    • Which device is primarily used to project images for a group of people?

  • USB flash drive
  • Projector (correct)
  • Printer
  • Computer speaker

    • What role does system software play in a computer?

  • To act as an interface between hardware and applications (correct)
  • To serve as stand-alone applications
  • To store user data and files
  • To generate visual outputs

    • Which of the following is NOT a type of storage device?

    <p>Operating system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of application software?

    <p>Spreadsheet software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of device drivers?

    <p>To enable device functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes application software from system software?

    <p>Application software is user-focused and enhances utility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following indicates a feature of external hard drives?

    <p>They connect typically via USB and are portable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who designed the UNIVAC I, the first commercial computer?

    <p>John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does EDVAC stand for?

    <p>Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was significant about the Osborne 1?

    <p>It was the first portable computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are considered the founders of the Internet?

    <p>Robert W. Taylor, Vinton Cerf, and Robert Kahn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology allows users to control devices without touching them?

    <p>Gestural Interface Technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 3D technology provide to viewers?

    <p>An illusion of depth perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT true about motion capture?

    <p>It is only applicable in film making.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Robert W. Taylor play in the development of the Internet?

    <p>He led the development of ARPANET.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of information in decision making?

    <p>To help predict future outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a tool for transmitting information?

    <p>Water cooler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which way do teachers utilize ICT in education?

    <p>To research teaching materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does ICT serve in banking?

    <p>To provide electronic banking services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best reflects the use of technology in communication?

    <p>It allows for faster exchange of messages and information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does ICT assist in industrial operations?

    <p>By facilitating research data collection and control operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main advantages of e-commerce?

    <p>It connects customers directly with suppliers for efficient transactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes technology in the context of information and communication?

    <p>The application of scientific knowledge to meet needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary control center of a computer system that facilitates communication between various components?

    <p>Central Processing Unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of utility software?

    <p>To manage computer memory and files</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a computer system is responsible for temporarily housing data and processes?

    <p>Random Access Memory (RAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'computer' originally refer to?

    <p>A person who performs calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is specifically classified as an input device?

    <p>Mouse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does the motherboard serve in a computer system?

    <p>Connects and distributes power and information to components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ancient device was used as a memory aid for recording numbers?

    <p>Tally Stick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a storage device?

    <p>Random Access Memory (RAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mathematical tool was first prevalent in China around 500 B.C.?

    <p>Abacus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is most commonly used for audio input in a computer system?

    <p>Microphone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who invented Napier's Bones?

    <p>John Napier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is primarily used for multiplication and division but not for addition or subtraction?

    <p>Slide Rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do output devices play in a computer system?

    <p>Display or output data from the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ancient civilization used the sexagesimal system as a place-value system?

    <p>Babylonian Civilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the primary purpose of the cooling fan in a computer system?

    <p>To regulate temperature and prevent overheating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept did Aristotle use to represent relationships among things?

    <p>Tree of Porphyry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

    • ICT is a technology needed for information processing using electronics.
    • Examples of ICT include computers, communication devices, and software.
    • ICT converts, stores, protects, processes, transmits, and retrieves information.

    Information

    • Refers to the knowledge gained through reading, investigation, study, or research.
    • Information is used in decision-making and predicting the future.

    Communication

    • The act of transmitting messages.
    • The exchange of information between individuals using symbols, signs, and verbal interactions.
    • Earlier forms of communication included signs, symbols, drama, and poetry.
    • Modern communication is dominated by technologies like the internet, email, and video conferencing.

    Technology

    • The application of scientific knowledge, experience, and resources to create processes and products.
    • Technology aids communication and spreads information.

    Usage of ICT in Everyday Life

    • Education:
      • Teachers use computers for research, online forums, and conferences.
      • Students use computers for internet research.
      • Researchers use computers for data collection and processing.
      • School administrators use computers for administrative tasks.
    • Banking:
      • Bank administrators manage the banking system and activities.
      • Banks provide electronic banking services to customers.
      • Businessmen benefit from online banking services.
    • Industry:
      • Computers aid workers in operating machinery.
      • Researchers use computers for data analysis and collection.
      • Administrators oversee and control factory operations.
      • Computers facilitate production planning and control systems.
    • E-Commerce:
      • Online buying and selling activities are made faster and more efficient.
      • Customers connect with suppliers online to purchase products.
      • Employees communicate with customers, respond to inquiries, and provide inventory updates.

    Parts of a Computer System

    • Hardware:
      • Central Processing Unit (CPU): The control center of the computer, facilitating communication between hardware and software components.
        • Motherboard: The central electrical circuit connecting different parts, distributing power and information.
        • Central Processing Unit (CPU): The microprocessor chip.
        • Random Access Memory (RAM): Holds temporary data, processes, information, and commands.
        • Storage Drives: Store files, information, and programs. (HDD, SSD)
        • Power Supply: Provides power to the computer.
        • Cooling Fan: Keeps the computer cool.
      • Peripherals: Connected devices providing additional functionality.
        • Input Devices: Send data to the computer.
          • Mouse: Point-and-click interaction.
          • Keyboard: Used to enter letters, numbers, and symbols.
          • Webcam: Connects to the computer for video communication, recording videos, and other purposes.
          • Microphones: Capture audio input.
        • Output Devices: Receive data from the computer.
          • Monitor: Displays computer information visually.
          • Speakers: Output audio.
          • Projector: Projects images onto screens or surfaces.
          • Printer: Creates hard copies of electronic data.
        • Input/Output Devices: Storage devices.
          • USB Flash Drive: Removable data storage device.
          • External Hard Drives: Connect to the computer via USB to store large amounts of data.
    • Software:
      • System Software: Interface between hardware and other applications, enabling user interaction.
        • Operating System: Foundation software that runs the computer, programs, and applications. (Windows, Mac OSX, Linux)
        • Language Processor: Translates user instructions into computer-understandable language.
        • Device Drivers: Software enabling specific devices to function.
      • Application Software: Third-party services that provide functionality. (Word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, database, editing, multimedia software)
      • Utility Software: Optional software components for performance, security, and utility. (Memory management, file management, interface customization, security)

    History of Computers

    • Earliest Computers: Humans were originally the "computers", performing calculations.
      • These calculations were specialized and expensive, requiring extensive training in mathematics.
    • The word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person performing calculations.
    • Tally Sticks - Ancient memory aid devices for recording numbers, quantities, or messages.
    • Sexagesimal System - The first place-value system used by the Babylonians (1900 B.C.)
      • Measuring time (60 minutes, 60 seconds) and dividing a circle (360 degrees).
    • Abacus - A mechanical device aiding in mathematical calculations.
      • Invented in Babylonia in 2400 B.C.
      • Adopted in China around 500 B.C.
    • Aristotle and the Tree of Porphyry (383 BC - 322 BC)
      • Used a tree figure to visualize relationships and subdivisions between things.
    • Napier's Bones - Allowed for multiplication, division, square and cube root calculations using movable rods.
    • Slide Rule - Invented by William Oughtred in 1622.
      • Based on Napier's ideas about logarithms.
      • Used for multiplication, division, roots, logarithms, and trigonometry. Not for addition or subtraction.
    • UNIVAC 1 - The first commercial computer, designed by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly.
    • EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer) - The first stored program computer.
      • Designed by Von Neumann in 1952.
      • Possesses memory holding both programs and data.
    • Osborne 1 - The first portable computer, released in 1981 by the Osborne Computer Corporation.
    • Electronic Controls Company - The first computer company, founded in 1949 by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly.
    • Touch Screen: A computer monitor functioning as both a display and input device.
    • Gestural Interfaces: Interact with computers without touching them, using hand and body movements.
    • 3D (Three-Dimensional) Technology: Creates a realistic 3D appearance for viewing on computers, in print, on TV, or in movies.
    • Motion Capture in Film Making: Recording movement and translating it to a digital model.
      • Used in various fields, including video games, sports, military applications, and medical applications.
    • Mobile Devices: Pocket-sized or handheld computers, including smartphones and tablets.

    The Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW)

    • The Internet: A vast network connecting computers worldwide.
      • Enables information sharing and communication.
      • Developed by individuals and organizations.
    • Robert W. Taylor: Led the development of ARPANET, an early internet prototype.
    • Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn: Developed the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) technologies.
      • They are considered the founders of the Internet.

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    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in this quiz. Learn about its role in processing information, enhancing communication, and the technologies involved. Understand how ICT influences everyday life through the use of various devices and applications.

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