ICT and Computers Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is considered an output device in a computer system?

Microphone

Printer (correct)

Keyboard

Mouse

What is a primary function of input devices in a computer system?

To store data permanently

To display information to the user

To send signals to the computer as input (correct)

To process commands given by the software

What role do modern information and communication technologies play in society?

They hinder personal communication.

They create social isolation among individuals.

They limit access to information.

They facilitate real-time communication across the globe. (correct)

Which device is primarily used to input text into a computer?

Keyboard Signup and view all the answers

What does the system unit in a computer also refer to?

Processing device Signup and view all the answers

Which device allows users to control the movement of an on-screen pointer?

Mouse Signup and view all the answers

Why are computers described as machines that can perform a variety of tasks?

They accept data, process it, and produce outputs for different applications. Signup and view all the answers

What best characterizes a global village created by modern ICT?

People can communicate across the globe as if they were neighbors. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a web camera?

To take live photos and videos Signup and view all the answers

What component in a camera is responsible for sensing images?

CCD Signup and view all the answers

How does a joystick facilitate computer game interaction?

By passing information to the CPU Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes a scanner's function?

It copies and turns images into files. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does a system unit function in a computer?

It contains the components that process data. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an output device in a computer system?

To translate and present data from the system unit Signup and view all the answers

What does a monitor primarily do?

Displays images and text Signup and view all the answers

Which component can often be found integrated within a monitor?

Built-in speakers Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of analog computers?

They create outcomes using measures. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of computers when programmed correctly?

Inability to store information. Signup and view all the answers

In what industries are analog computers commonly used?

Papermaking and chemical industry. Signup and view all the answers

How do analog computers usually output results?

As readings on dials or charts. Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature of digital computers compared to analog computers?

They can store and manipulate data in discrete form. Signup and view all the answers

What capability allows computers to make decisions based on user input?

Logical operations and decision-making. Signup and view all the answers

Why do analog computers not require storage capability?

They measure and compare quantities in a single operation. Signup and view all the answers

What type of data do analog computers utilize?

Continuous data. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the financial risks associated with dealing with IT systems in a company?

Potential server crashes requiring expensive repairs Signup and view all the answers

How has IT improved patient consultations with doctors?

By allowing patients to communicate from home without an appointment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of prolonged computer use?

Potential for headaches and neck pain Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does IT provide in studying medical knowledge?

It allows students to access a wealth of information online Signup and view all the answers

What impact can online bullying have on individuals, particularly teenagers?

It may lead to withdrawal from social interactions Signup and view all the answers

What technological advancements have contributed to crime prevention?

Implementation of CCTV and GPRS systems Signup and view all the answers

What role does a network administrator play in a company?

They oversee IT infrastructure and address related issues Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about IT's effect on health consultations?

IT removes the need for personal interaction with doctors Signup and view all the answers

What technology do police commonly use to track stolen vehicles?

GPRS Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods can be used by authorities to identify criminals?

Fingerprint analysis Signup and view all the answers

How do supermarkets like ASDA and Tesco reduce theft risk?

By using products with chips for detection Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant disadvantage of technology in law enforcement?

Vulnerability to hacking and viruses Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of online shopping has greatly benefited consumers?

24/7 availability for purchases Signup and view all the answers

What challenge do small shops face due to advances in retailing technology?

Competing with large supermarkets Signup and view all the answers

Which payment option is mentioned as a safe method for online transactions?

PayPal Signup and view all the answers

What consequence can late deliveries have on customers?

Inaccessibility of necessary items Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

ICT has revolutionized communication, allowing real-time interaction with people worldwide through technologies like instant messaging, VoIP, and video conferencing.
Social networking platforms like Facebook have connected individuals globally, facilitating regular communication.
ICT has created a "global village," enabling communication across vast distances as if people were neighbors.

Computers

A computer is a device that processes data, calculations, and operations based on instructions given by software or hardware programs.
Computers can accept data (input), process it, and generate outputs.
Computers also store and retrieve data for later use.
Modern computers are electronic devices used for various purposes like web browsing, document creation, video editing, application development, and gaming.

Basic Parts of a Computer

Input Devices: Allow humans to interact with a computer, sending signals as commands for action.
- Keyboard: used to type letters, numbers, and symbols for input.
- Mouse: navigates and interacts with objects on the screen, moving the on-screen cursor.
- Microphone: records sound, such as speech or music, as input.
- Web Camera: captures photos and videos for input.
- Joystick: controls movement in gaming and simulations, providing directional input.
- Scanner: converts physical images and documents into digital formats for input.
System Unit (Processing Device): Contains the computer's central components, such as the motherboard, memories, central processing unit (CPU), power supply, and on/off button.
- The CPU, like the brain of a computer, executes instructions and controls other parts of the system.
Output Devices: Translate data from the system unit into a human-readable format.
- Monitor: displays images and text on the screen.
- Printer: produces hard-copy documents, images, and text on paper.
- Speakers: convert digital signals into audible sound.

Key Capabilities of Computers

Processing Data: Computers manipulate and analyze information.
Mathematical Calculations: Computers solve complex mathematical problems with speed and accuracy.
Logical Operations: Computers make decisions based on input data and commands.
Storing and Retrieving Information: Computers save and access data for future use.
Self-Checking: Computers can verify the accuracy of their work.
Communication: Computers can share files and resources with other computers.

Types of Computers

Analog Computers: Use data in continuous form, representing changing quantities like electrical potential or mechanical movement.
- They are often used in specialized engineering and scientific applications where continuous measurements are necessary.
Digital Computers: Process data in discrete units, representing information using binary numbers (0s and 1s).
- They are used for a wide array of applications, from personal computing to scientific research.
Hybrid Computers : Combine features of both analog and digital computers, combining the benefits of each.

Impact of ICT

Business:
- Advantages: Automation, improved efficiency, and better communication.
- Disadvantages: Increased costs due to infrastructure demands, potential for server crashes, and security risks.
Healthcare:
- Advantages: Remote consultations, online medical information, and easier access to medical professionals.
- Disadvantages: Dependence on technology, potential privacy concerns, and risks associated with online medical advice.
Education:
- Advantages: Online learning resources, greater flexibility, and access to global knowledge.
- Disadvantages: Potential for distractions, digital divide issues, and limited face-to-face interaction.
Crime and Policing:
- Advantages: Security systems like CCTV cameras, GPRS tracking, fingerprint identification, and databases for criminal information.
- Disadvantages: Potential for cybercrime, hacking, and the misuse of technology by criminals.
Retailing:
- Advantages: Online shopping convenience, wider selection, and global market access.
- Disadvantages: Challenges for small businesses to compete with larger online retailers, potential delivery delays, and difficulties reaching individuals without internet access.

Concerns Regarding ICT

Prolonged computer use can lead to health issues like headaches, neck pain, and sedentary lifestyles.
Overuse of technology, particularly gaming, can interfere with studies and physical activities.
Cyberbullying and online harassment can have negative mental health impacts.

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Description

Explore how Information and Communication Technology has transformed global interaction and the fundamental workings of computers. Understand the basic components of computers and their various applications in daily life. This quiz will guide you through the role of ICT in creating a connected world.