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Influenza Viruses: Antigenic Drift and Variation

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Influenza Viruses: Antigenic Drift and Variation

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is responsible for penetration and budding?

Antigenic shift

Antigenic drift

Hemagglutination

Neuraminidase (correct)

What is the result of antigenic shift?

Minor changes in antigenic structures

No change in the antigenic structure

Only occurring in Influenza B

Drastic change in the antigenic structure resulting in new H and N antigens (correct)

Which of the following is an example of Antigenic drift?

Point mutations in the viral genes encoding the HA and NA spikes (correct)

Reassortment of genomes

Spanish Flu

Asian Flu

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of antigenic shift?

Antigenic drift Signup and view all the answers

Which flu is an example of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI)?

H5N1 Avian Flu Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the reassortment of genomes in antigenic shift?

A new strain of influenza virus Signup and view all the answers

What type of RNA does Orthomyxoviridae have in its genome?

ssRNA Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic method for Influenza?

Gram Staining Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Neuraminidase Inhibitors in Influenza treatment?

To inhibit the release of viral particles from the host cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Orthomyxoviridae antigenic variation?

To evade the host's immune system Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the Influenza A virus?

8 segments of ssRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of preventing Influenza?

Vaccination Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Retroviridae?

Sexual contact and injection drug use Signup and view all the answers

Which generation of HIV tests detects and differentiates all three HIV analyte markers?

5th generation Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of opportunistic infections in individuals with MOT disease?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ELISA screening in HIV diagnosis?

To screen for HIV infection in high-risk populations Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of antigenic variation in HIV?