LECTURE 3 Happiness
60 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What did Inglehart (1990) find about 'turning points' in life and well-being?

  • They only affect negative emotions
  • They do not affect well-being much (correct)
  • They significantly impact well-being
  • They have no impact on emotional reactions

    • What is the Impact Bias according to Gilbert et al. (2004)?

  • People underestimate the impact of emotional reactions
  • People are not influenced by anticipated emotional reactions
  • People overestimate the strength and duration of anticipated emotional reactions (correct)
  • People accurately predict their emotional reactions to events

    • What is 'Focalism' in the context of emotional reactions?

  • The ability to consider multiple aspects of an event
  • The tendency to restrict attention to one aspect of an event (correct)
  • The ability to predict emotional reactions accurately
  • The tendency to ignore emotional reactions

    • What is 'Immune neglect' as described in the text?

    <p>The tendency to downplay one's ability to cope and adapt from bad situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do people with more advantaged backgrounds and more money generally relate to happiness?

    <p>It is not explicitly mentioned in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Gilbert et al.'s study in the subway station reveal about forecasters and experiencers?

    <p>Forecasters overestimated their level of regret</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of age and happiness, what is the Impact Bias related to?

    <p>Overestimating the emotional impact of age-related events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Inglehart (1990) find about women experiencing menopause?

    <p>They did not report an increase in negative emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tendency of 'Focalism' as described in the text?

    <p>The tendency to restrict attention to one aspect of an event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Immune neglect' neglect according to the text?

    <p>Neglected our psychological immune system that helps us to bounce back from negative life events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to people's overall level of long-term happiness?

    <p>It does not change, returning to a genetic baseline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Brickman et al. study in 1978?

    <p>The influence of winning a lottery and being paraplegic after an accident on well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did accident victims recall their past compared to controls?

    <p>As happier than controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do emotions, according to the text, appear to serve?

    <p>Short-term purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of 'hedonic treadmill' used to illustrate?

    <p>The return to a baseline level of happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the study involving lottery winners and accident victims indicate about their present happiness?

    <p>Accident victims experienced less happiness than controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'hedonic neutrality' refer to in the text?

    <p>The state of neither happiness nor unhappiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest about the long-term impact of good and bad events on happiness?

    <p>The impact is temporary, with people returning to a baseline level of happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main analogy used to describe the overall level of long-term happiness in the text?

    <p>A treadmill, where one walks but doesn't get anywhere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the study by Brickman et al. suggest about the influence of winning a lottery on well-being?

    <p>Winning a lottery does not significantly impact well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a significant role in stabilizing long-term well-being despite major life events?

    <p>Genetic set points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Socioemotional selectivity theory suggest about older individuals?

    <p>They focus on maximizing positive emotional experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to studies, what is the relationship between income and happiness in richer countries?

    <p>High correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Maslow's need hierarchy theory explain about individuals' progression?

    <p>Progress upward as lower needs are satisfied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Diener et al. (2002) find regarding a cheerful outlook at college entry?

    <p>Related to higher future income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do heritability studies suggest about individuals' predisposition to happiness?

    <p>Genetic predisposition to happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate effect of unemployment on well-being?

    <p>Increased risk for depression, physical illness, and lowered self-esteem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between happiness and susceptibility to disease?

    <p>Lower susceptibility to disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to studies, what is the relationship between income and well-being in poor countries?

    <p>Moderate correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do gender differences in experiencing emotions indicate about women?

    <p>More likely to experience internalizing disorders and express intense positive emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Socioemotional selectivity theory suggest about older individuals?

    <p>They prioritize different goals based on their perception of future time horizons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does heritability studies suggest about individuals' predisposition to happiness?

    <p>Individuals have a genetic predisposition to be happy or unhappy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Diener et al. (2002) find regarding a cheerful outlook at college entry?

    <p>It is related to higher future income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate effect of unemployment on well-being?

    <p>It increases the risk for depression, physical illness, and lowered self-esteem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between happiness and susceptibility to disease?

    <p>Happiness is associated with lower susceptibility to disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Inglehart (1990) find about 'turning points' in life and well-being?

    <p>They have little impact on long-term well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Maslow's need hierarchy theory explain about individuals' progression?

    <p>Individuals progress upward in the hierarchy as lower needs are satisfied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main analogy used to describe the overall level of long-term happiness in the text?

    <p>Hedonic treadmill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Brickman et al. study in 1978?

    <p>The influence of winning a lottery on well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do gender differences in experiencing negative and positive emotions indicate about women?

    <p>Women are more likely to experience internalizing disorders and express intense positive emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Gilbert et al.'s study in the subway station reveal about forecasters and experiencers?

    <p>Forecasters overestimated their level of regret in missing the train.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Inglehart (1990) find about women experiencing menopause?

    <p>They did not report an increase in negative emotions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tendency of 'Focalism' as described in the text?

    <p>The tendency to restrict attention to one aspect of an event, neglecting other aspects that may reduce emotional reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Immune neglect' neglect according to the text?

    <p>Downplays our ability to cope and adapt from bad situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Brickman et al. study in 1978?

    <p>The influence of winning a lottery on well-being.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between income and well-being in poor countries according to the text?

    <p>There is a positive relationship between income and well-being in poor countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of 'hedonic treadmill' used to illustrate?

    <p>The tendency for individuals to return to a relatively stable level of happiness despite positive or negative life events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Socioemotional selectivity theory suggest about older individuals?

    <p>They prioritize emotional fulfillment and meaningful relationships as they age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate effect of unemployment on well-being?

    <p>It results in a temporary decrease in well-being, followed by adaptation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Diener et al. (2002) find regarding a cheerful outlook at college entry?

    <p>It predicted higher levels of well-being and life satisfaction in the long term.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'hedonic treadmill' illustrate?

    <p>The continuous pursuit of happiness without achieving a lasting increase in happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the study by Brickman et al. (1978) regarding lottery winners and accident victims indicate about their present happiness?

    <p>Accident victims recalled their past as happier than controls, while experiencing their present as less happy than controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between emotions and sensory experiences according to the text?

    <p>Emotions, like sensory experiences, serve short-term purposes but do not last</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of 'hedonic neutrality' refer to in the text?

    <p>The idea that individuals maintain a consistent level of happiness despite life events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Brickman et al. (1978) study regarding winning a lottery and being paraplegic suggest about one’s well-being?

    <p>Both winning a lottery and being paraplegic after an accident had a significant impact on well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest about the overall level of long-term happiness?

    <p>It remains relatively stable despite positive or negative life events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the study involving lottery winners and accident victims indicate about their recall of past and present happiness?

    <p>Accident victims recalled their past as having been happier than controls, while experiencing their present as less happy than controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main analogy used to describe the overall level of long-term happiness in the text?

    <p>Hedonic treadmill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'immune neglect' neglect according to the text?

    <p>The effect of negative life events on happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between emotions and sensory experiences according to the text?

    <p>Emotions, like sensory experiences, serve short-term purposes but do not last</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Factors Affecting Subjective Well-Being

    • Temperament, consisting of activity level, emotionality, and sociability, plays a role in determining general happiness levels.
    • Genetic set points play a significant role in stabilizing long-term well-being, leading to little change despite major life events such as divorce or relocation.
    • Socioemotional selectivity theory suggests that people prioritize different goals based on their perception of future time horizons, with older individuals focusing on maximizing positive emotional experiences.
    • Happiness is not related to age, with every age potentially being as happy as any other. Each phase of life offers opportunities for well-being.
    • While studies report moderate to high correlations between income and happiness in richer countries, within poor countries, income and well-being show moderate correlations, shifting to other aspects of life once basic needs are fulfilled.
    • Maslow's need hierarchy theory explains that individuals progress upward in the hierarchy as lower needs are satisfied, leading to a shift in the source of happiness.
    • Both between-nations and within-nations correlations between income and happiness involve confounding variables, such as the presence of democratic forms of government and individual rights.
    • Diener et al. (2002) found that a cheerful outlook at college entry is related to higher future income, potentially due to a "can do" attitude and higher social skills.
    • Gender differences in experiencing negative and positive emotions exist, with women more likely to experience internalizing disorders and express intense positive emotions.
    • Happiness is associated with longer life, lower susceptibility to disease, and better recovery from illnesses, as well as better mental health.
    • Unemployment has immediate negative effects on well-being, increasing the risk for depression, physical illness, and lowered self-esteem.
    • Heritability studies suggest that individuals have a genetic predisposition to be happy or unhappy, with genetic influences on personality being indicated by studies on identical and fraternal twins.

    Factors Affecting Subjective Well-Being

    • Temperament, consisting of activity level, emotionality, and sociability, plays a role in determining general happiness levels.
    • Genetic set points play a significant role in stabilizing long-term well-being, leading to little change despite major life events such as divorce or relocation.
    • Socioemotional selectivity theory suggests that people prioritize different goals based on their perception of future time horizons, with older individuals focusing on maximizing positive emotional experiences.
    • Happiness is not related to age, with every age potentially being as happy as any other. Each phase of life offers opportunities for well-being.
    • While studies report moderate to high correlations between income and happiness in richer countries, within poor countries, income and well-being show moderate correlations, shifting to other aspects of life once basic needs are fulfilled.
    • Maslow's need hierarchy theory explains that individuals progress upward in the hierarchy as lower needs are satisfied, leading to a shift in the source of happiness.
    • Both between-nations and within-nations correlations between income and happiness involve confounding variables, such as the presence of democratic forms of government and individual rights.
    • Diener et al. (2002) found that a cheerful outlook at college entry is related to higher future income, potentially due to a "can do" attitude and higher social skills.
    • Gender differences in experiencing negative and positive emotions exist, with women more likely to experience internalizing disorders and express intense positive emotions.
    • Happiness is associated with longer life, lower susceptibility to disease, and better recovery from illnesses, as well as better mental health.
    • Unemployment has immediate negative effects on well-being, increasing the risk for depression, physical illness, and lowered self-esteem.
    • Heritability studies suggest that individuals have a genetic predisposition to be happy or unhappy, with genetic influences on personality being indicated by studies on identical and fraternal twins.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Positive Psy L3 PDF

    Description

    Discover the various factors that influence subjective well-being in this quiz. From genetic set points to income correlations and gender differences, explore the complex interplay of temperament, socioemotional selectivity theory, and happiness across different life stages.

    More Like This

    The Environmental Factors of Happiness Quiz
    5 questions

    The Environmental Factors of Happiness Quiz

    SecureNovaculite1208 avatar
    SecureNovaculite1208
    Master Class on the Science of Happiness
    11 questions

    Master Class on the Science of Happiness

    FashionableSynthesizer avatar
    FashionableSynthesizer
    Masterclass on the Science of Happiness
    10 questions

    Masterclass on the Science of Happiness

    DazzlingHyperbolic avatar
    DazzlingHyperbolic
    Understanding Subjective Well-Being
    18 questions

    Understanding Subjective Well-Being

    CalmNeptune avatar
    CalmNeptune
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser