Influence of Philosophy on Sociology

<p>It generates organic solidarity through interdependence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their functions in maintaining social order and health (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Affectivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To develop institutions that reduce conflict (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specificity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concept of grand theories (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unintended consequences of actions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It overlooks the purpose of institutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Universalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adaptation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Society evolves from incoherent homogeneity to coherent heterogeneity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emile Durkheim (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It generates a new form of social morality through specialization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural science methods should be applied to social research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mechanical and organic solidarity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishing common standards and collective goals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specialized interactions in specific contexts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The failure to address social changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Merit-based performance recognition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unstated and unintended consequences of actions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Permitting safe release of societal tension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Universality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Failure to consider dysfunctionality within institutions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interdependence among individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emile Durkheim (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The role of different institutions in society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shared norms and values within a community (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A condition of normlessness and confusion about societal norms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It relies on common standards and acceptable means. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing for the economic needs of society’s members. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He promotes the idea of middle range theories for flexibility. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavior focused on the individual’s benefit. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pattern maintenance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The observable and intended consequences of actions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its focus on stability over social issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specificity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A theory suggesting that societies are formed through agreements between individuals and the ruling power, outlining rights and responsibilities.

A sociological perspective viewing society as a complex system with interconnected parts working together to maintain stability.

Shared beliefs, norms, and values within a society that act as a moral guide for individuals.

Specialization of tasks and roles within a society, creating interdependence and social order.

Social condition of normlessness, characterized by a lack of shared values and social guidance.

Role and status assigned based on birth or lineage, not individual merit.

Role and status based on individual effort and accomplishments, not lineage.

Society's need to define collective goals and acceptable means to achieve them. It ensures shared aims and direction.

Society's need to meet the basic needs of its members (food, shelter, resources) for survival.

Society's need to manage conflict and foster unity through institutions like education and media.

Society's need to maintain values and manage tension through socialization and outlets for stress.

The intended and recognized consequences of social actions.

The unintended and often unrecognized consequences of social actions.

Auguste Comte's theory suggesting societies evolve through three stages: theological, metaphysical, and scientific. The theological stage is characterized by religious explanations. The metaphysical stage relies on abstract forces and reason. The scientific stage uses empirical observation and scientific methods.

Functionalism's view of society as a complex organism with interconnected parts, where each institution has a specific function to maintain overall stability.

Solidarity based on similarities between individuals in a society, where shared values and beliefs hold everyone together, typical in pre-industrial societies.

Solidarity in modern societies where individuals specialize in different roles and depend on each other due to the division of labor.

A framework developed by Talcott Parsons to analyze how societies function, focusing on pairs of contrasting values that shape social interactions and roles.

Essential needs that every society must fulfill to survive and function properly, as identified by Talcott Parsons.

These three philosophers are key figures in the development of Social Contract Theory, a perspective that suggests societies are formed through agreements between individuals and the ruling power, outlining rights and responsibilities.

This theory proposes that societies evolve through three stages: theological, metaphysical, and scientific. In the theological stage, religious explanations dominate. The metaphysical stage focuses on abstract forces and reason. The scientific stage emphasizes empirical observation and scientific methods.

Functionalism views society as a complex organism with interconnected parts working together to maintain stability. Each institution has a specific function to ensure the smooth operation of the whole.

The shared beliefs, norms, and values within a society that act as a moral guide for individuals. It helps to create social order and unity.

Mechanical solidarity occurs when everyone in a society is generally similar, with shared activities and responsibilities. Organic solidarity arises from specialization and interdependence, where individuals contribute to society through different roles and functions.

A framework for understanding social interactions by comparing contrasting values. It analyzes how societies function by weighing the importance of particular versus universal standards, personal versus impersonal connections, and merit-based versus hereditary roles.

Ascription refers to assigning roles and status based on factors like birth or lineage, while achievement emphasizes individual performance and merit.

Diffuseness describes general, broad relationships, while specificity focuses on specialized interactions with clearly defined roles.

Particularism applies different rules and standards to different situations and relationships, while universalism uses the same rules for everyone.