Influence of Perceptions on Memory and Attention

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What theory, proposed by Craik & Lockhart in 1972, suggests that the extent to which new material can be remembered depends on its meaningfulness?

Classical conditioning theory

Social learning theory

Levels of processing theory (correct)

Operant conditioning theory

How do false memories differ from real memories?

False memories are less emotional than real memories.

Real memories are always based on actual experiences, unlike false memories.

False memories can be common and imagined events can feel real, unlike real memories. (correct)

False memories are vivid and accurate, while real memories are vague and unreliable.

What process helps individuals make sense of ambiguous stimuli by relying on previous knowledge?

Memory encoding (correct)

Selective attention

Operant conditioning

Levels of processing

In the context of perception, what term describes the cognitive process of assigning emotional weight to perceptions?

Selective attention Signup and view all the answers

How do neurons respond to experiences according to the provided text?

Neurons form connections with others and become primed for expected events. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes attention in the context of preferential attending to events with emotional valence?

Attention selectively focuses on events with emotional significance over others. Signup and view all the answers

What can distorted perception lead to?

Brain dysfunction and maladjustment Signup and view all the answers

How does memory impact future associations according to the text?

Memory reconstructs memories which impact future associations Signup and view all the answers

In terms of attention, what plays a role in perception?

Constant state of readiness of neurons Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the factors mentioned in the text that underlies personality formation?

Perception Signup and view all the answers

What role does prior experience play in memory, according to the text?

Memories are primed by prior experience Signup and view all the answers

What can actively avoiding some stimuli be associated with?

Autism Signup and view all the answers

Which sense has a direct afferent pathway to the amygdala, bypassing the thalamus?

Smell Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the specificity theory and fiber-pattern theory in taste encoding?

Specificity theory involves specific taste qualities, while fiber-pattern theory involves patterns of activity in nerve fibers. Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is the first to develop in newborns?

Touch Signup and view all the answers

How do odors reach the emotional brain according to the text?

Via the amygdala without going through the thalamus Signup and view all the answers

Which theory states that substances with similar tastes elicit similar neural firing patterns?

Fiber-pattern theory Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is described as having a faster connection and minimal filtering before triggering emotional memory?