60 Questions
Which imaging technique is commonly used to visualize the chest and upper abdominal area?
Chest X-ray
What is the purpose of using carbon dioxide gas during a hiatal hernia repair surgery?
To create space for the surgery
What is the main cause of peptic ulcer disease?
Infection with H. pylori bacteria
Which part of the stomach is most commonly affected by stomach cancer?
Antrum
Which position is recommended for enema tube insertion?
Sim's position
What is the purpose of a barium enema?
To detect colorectal polyps and tumors
Which imaging technique is used in virtual colonoscopy?
CT scan
What is the cause of Crohn's Disease?
A combination of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors
Which part of the GI tract does Crohn's Disease primarily involve?
The small intestine
What is the main difference between Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis?
The location of the inflammation
What is the most common symptom of Ulcerative Colitis?
Diarrhea
What can cause Malabsorption Syndrome?
Pancreatic disorders
Which type of hiatal hernia is characterized by a portion of the stomach rolling up alongside the esophagus?
Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia
What is the main cause of a rolling (paraesophageal) hiatal hernia?
Aging
Which radiographic sign is associated with a sliding hiatal hernia?
Schatzki's ring
Which position can accentuate reflux and herniation during a barium swallow study for hiatal hernia?
Trendelenburg position
Which imaging modality is the modality of choice for diagnosing hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?
Ultrasound
What is the surgical procedure used to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?
Pyloromyotomy
What are the mechanical causes of intestinal obstruction?
Tumors, adhesions, volvulus, and inguinal hernias
What are the characteristics of a closed loop mechanical obstruction?
Involves obstruction at two points in the intestine, creating a loop
Which type of intestinal obstruction is characterized by reduced or absent peristalsis and a uniformly dilated appearance of the intestines?
Functional Intestinal Obstruction
What is the characteristic appearance of the large bowel on imaging in the case of distention?
Segmented appearance
What is the most common cause of pneumoperitoneum, the presence of air or gas in the peritoneal cavity?
Perforation of an abdominal viscus
Which type of barium enema procedure provides detailed visualization of the colon's mucosal patterns and is suitable for detecting subtle abnormalities?
Double Contrast Barium Enema
Which age group is more commonly affected by diverticular disease?
Older adults
What factors can contribute to the development or exacerbation of diverticular disease?
Stress and alterations in bowel habits
Which of the following is a common symptom of diverticular disease?
Flatulence (excessive gas)
When is surgery usually recommended for diverticular disease?
For complications like perforation, obstruction, or hemorrhage
What type of diet is recommended to prevent future flare-ups of diverticular disease?
High-fiber diet
What is the purpose of regular exercise in diverticular disease management?
To promote gastrointestinal health and reduce constipation risk
Which imaging technique is commonly used to visualize the chest and upper abdominal area?
CT scan
What is the main cause of peptic ulcer disease?
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection
Which part of the GI tract does Crohn's Disease primarily involve?
Small intestine
What is the characteristic appearance of the large bowel on imaging in the case of distention?
Uniformly dilated
What is the purpose of using carbon dioxide gas during a hiatal hernia repair surgery?
To inflate the abdominal cavity
Which type of hiatal hernia is characterized by a portion of the stomach rolling up alongside the esophagus?
Paraesophageal hiatal hernia
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for pancreatic cancer?
High alcohol consumption
What is the most common age group for individuals diagnosed with pancreatic cancer?
Over 65
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of pancreatic cancer?
Frequent urination
What is the median survival for untreated cases of pancreatic cancer?
3.5 months
Which factor can significantly improve the prognosis for pancreatic cancer?
Early detection and treatment
What are the treatment options for pancreatic cancer?
Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy
Which of the following is a characteristic sign of adynamic ileus?
Generalized, uniform distension of the bowel
What is the radiographic appearance of a sigmoid volvulus?
Inverted U shape
Which part of the abdomen is typically affected by distended loops of the large bowel?
Periphery of the abdomen
What is the most common cause of pneumoperitoneum?
Perforation of an abdominal viscus
Which lower GI procedure provides detailed visualization of the colon's mucosal patterns?
Double Contrast Barium Enema
What is the most common type of pancreatic cancer?
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Which type of hiatal hernia is characterized by a portion of the stomach rolling up alongside the esophagus?
Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia
What is a radiographic sign associated with a sliding hiatal hernia?
Schatzki's ring
What is the main cause of a rolling (paraesophageal) hiatal hernia?
Weakening of the esophageal sphincter muscle
Which position can accentuate reflux and herniation during a barium swallow study for hiatal hernia?
Trendelenburg position
What is the purpose of using carbon dioxide gas during a hiatal hernia repair surgery?
To highlight the hernia more clearly
What is the characteristic appearance of the large bowel on imaging in the case of distention?
Uniformly dilated appearance
Which layer of smooth muscle in the stomach is enlarged and increased in cell numbers in hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?
Circular layer
What is the main cause of functional (paralytic or adynamic) ileus?
Toxic causes
What is the surgical procedure used to release the thickened muscle of the pyloric canal and widen the opening in hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?
Pyloroplasty
What can prolonged intestinal obstruction lead to if not relieved?
Fluid and electrolyte imbalances
What is the characteristic appearance of a simple mechanical obstruction on imaging?
Step ladder shape (distended loops)
What is the main cause of closed loop mechanical obstruction?
Volvulus
Test your knowledge about a specific gastrointestinal condition that involves inflammation of the terminal ileum. Learn about its location, pathology, and potential complications, such as the formation of fistulae.
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