Inflammation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the essential purpose of inflammation?

To eliminate the initial cause of cell injury and promote tissue healing (correct)

To promote the growth of necrotic cells and tissues

To increase the permeability of blood vessels

To prevent the activation of immune cells

Which cells are involved in the acute inflammatory response?

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Epithelial cells, adipose cells, and cartilage cells

Nerve cells, muscle cells, and bone cells

Circulating cells, vascular wall cells, and connective tissue cells (correct)

What triggers the production of cytokines and inflammatory mediators in acute inflammation?

Vasoconstriction

Emigration of leukocytes

Phagocytosis

Immune cell receptor signal cascade (correct)

What are the two major stages of acute inflammation?

Vascular stage and cellular stage Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs of inflammation according to the text?

Heat, redness, pain, swelling, and loss of function Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate-transient response of blood vessels in inflammation?

Vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of macrophages in acute inflammation?

Responding to inflammatory stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of acute inflammation?

Short Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the emigration of leukocytes in acute inflammation?

Accumulation in the focus of injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of acute inflammation?

Eliminate the initial cause of cell injury and promote tissue healing Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of serous inflammation?

Presence of watery protein-poor fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cellular infiltrate in acute inflammation?

Mainly neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Which drug therapy blocks the synthesis of prostaglandin in the peripheral nervous system?

Aspirin and NSAIDs Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of suppurative inflammation?

Presence of large amounts of purulent exudates Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cellular infiltrate in chronic inflammation?

Monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of corticosteroids in drug therapy for inflammation?

Inhibition of interleukin-1, cytokines, and TNFs Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of fibrinous inflammation?

Presence of fibrinous exudates Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinctive pattern common to few diseases in terms of inflammation?

Granulomatous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of ulcer in inflammation?

Epithelial surface has become necrotic Signup and view all the answers

What are the systemic manifestations of inflammation?

Fever, somnolence, myalgias, anorexia, leukocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical evidence of arteriolar vasodilatation in inflammation?

Heat and erythema Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of increased vascular permeability in the earliest phase of inflammation?

Transudate and exudate accumulation Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are primarily involved in the cellular stage of acute inflammation?

Leukocytes Signup and view all the answers

What process involves leukocyte extravasation from the vascular lumen to the extravascular space?

Leukocyte influx Signup and view all the answers

What enhances the recognition and phagocytosis of bacteria by leukocytes?

Opsonins Signup and view all the answers

What can defects in leukocyte function lead to?

Chédiak-Higashi syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What do vasoactive amines such as histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin affect in inflammation?

Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability Signup and view all the answers

What mediates various inflammatory actions along with vasoactive amines?

Plasma proteases, eicosanoids, and cytokines Signup and view all the answers

What are the outcomes of acute inflammation?

Complete resolution, scarring, abscess formation, or progression to chronic inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes chronic inflammation?

Mononuclear cell infiltration, tissue destruction, and repair by angiogenesis and fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Inflammation and its Stages

Arteriolar vasodilatation leads to increased blood flow and engorgement of capillary beds, clinically evidenced as heat and erythema.
Increased vascular permeability in the earliest phase of inflammation leads to transudate and exudate accumulation in third spaces with low and high protein concentration, respectively.
Acute inflammation's vascular stage involves vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation induced by inflammatory chemicals, leading to redness, heat, and swelling.
The cellular stage of acute inflammation involves the sequence of leukocyte extravasation from the vascular lumen to the extravascular space.
Leukocyte influx into the injury site, primarily neutrophils, occurs through slow blood flow, adhesion, and transmigration.
The cellular response involves chemotaxis, activation, and phagocytosis through opsonins enhancing recognition and phagocytosis of bacteria.
Defects in leukocyte function can lead to various disorders such as Chédiak-Higashi syndrome and chronic granulomatous diseases.
Leukocyte-induced injuries include acute respiratory distress syndrome, arthritis, asthma, atherosclerosis, and vasculitis.
Vasoactive amines such as histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin play a significant role in inflammation, affecting vasodilation and increased vascular permeability.
Plasma proteases, eicosanoids, and cytokines also mediate various inflammatory actions.
Outcomes of acute inflammation include complete resolution, scarring, abscess formation, or progression to chronic inflammation.
Chronic inflammation is characterized by mononuclear cell infiltration, tissue destruction, and repair by angiogenesis and fibrosis, and may follow acute inflammation or be caused by viral or persistent infections.

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Description

Test your knowledge of inflammation and its stages with this quiz. Explore the vascular and cellular phases, leukocyte function, inflammatory mediators, outcomes of acute inflammation, and characteristics of chronic inflammation.