Inflammation Process

What is the primary function of lymphatics in inflammation?

To release histamine
To produce inflammatory mediators
To bring leukocytes to the inflamed area
To drain edema (correct)

What is the characteristic of a transudate?

Presence of cellular debris
High protein content
Presence of inflammatory cells
Low protein content (correct)

What is the primary function of fibrinogen in inflammatory exudates?

To dilute the invading microorganism
To bring antibodies to the inflamed area
To help in trapping the microorganism and localize the infection (correct)
To produce prostaglandins

What is the role of PECAM-1 in transendothelial migration?

To bind with leukocytes and endothelial cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of an exudate?

High protein content (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of prostaglandins in inflammation?

To cause pain and fever (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of selectins in neutrophil extravasation?

To facilitate rolling of neutrophils on endothelium (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the interaction between chemoattractants and leukocyte receptors?

Clustering and conformational change of integrins on leukocytes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of integrins in neutrophil extravasation?

To facilitate firm adhesion of neutrophils to endothelium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the rolling stage in neutrophil extravasation?

To slow down neutrophils and allow for integrin-mediated adhesion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the binding of integrins to Ig-family members during neutrophil extravasation?

Firm adhesion of neutrophils to endothelium (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of events in neutrophil extravasation?

Rolling, activation, firm adhesion, transendothelial migration (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of TNF and IL-1 in inflammation?

To signal to endothelial cells to increase permeability and adhesion of leukocytes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of IL-6 signaling to endothelial cells?

Induction of the acute phase response (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of regulatory T cells in inflammation?

To inhibit the activity of innate immune cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the negative regulation of inflammation?

Resolution of inflammation and tissue repair (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of glucocorticoids in inflammation?

To reduce inflammation and promote resolution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the systemic elevation of inflammatory cytokines?

Induction of the production of glucocorticoids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of active vasodilatation of arterioles and capillaries during inflammation?

To facilitate the delivery of chemical mediators and leukocytes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the outpouring of albumin-rich fluid into the extravascular tissues during inflammation?

Increased concentration of RBCs in small vessels and increased viscosity of blood (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of T and B cells in the circulation during inflammation?

To increase the chances of encountering their antigens and leaving the blood to enter the lymph node or site of damage (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the slowing of the circulation during inflammation?

Outpouring of albumin-rich fluid into the extravascular tissues and increased viscosity of blood (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of neutrophils during inflammation?

To kill microbes and promote the margination of leukocytes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step of leukocyte exudation during inflammation?

Leukocytes entering the lymph node or site of damage to control damage and promote repair (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of pus?

Partly or completely liquefied dead tissue mixed with dead or dying neutrophils and living or dead bacteria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a boil and a carbuncle?

A boil is smaller and a carbuncle is larger (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the spreading of pus to adjacent areas?

Diffused inflammation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of NSAIDs?

Blocking prostaglandin synthesis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic effect of agents that block TNF?

Effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of glucocorticoids in inflammation?

Anti-inflammatory (C) Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation Process

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of lymphatics in inflammation?

What is the characteristic of a transudate?

What is the primary function of fibrinogen in inflammatory exudates?

What is the role of PECAM-1 in transendothelial migration?

What is the characteristic of an exudate?

What is the function of prostaglandins in inflammation?

What is the primary function of selectins in neutrophil extravasation?

What is the consequence of the interaction between chemoattractants and leukocyte receptors?

What is the primary function of integrins in neutrophil extravasation?

What is the purpose of the rolling stage in neutrophil extravasation?

What is the result of the binding of integrins to Ig-family members during neutrophil extravasation?

What is the sequence of events in neutrophil extravasation?

What is the primary function of TNF and IL-1 in inflammation?

What is the result of IL-6 signaling to endothelial cells?

What is the role of regulatory T cells in inflammation?

What is the outcome of the negative regulation of inflammation?

What is the role of glucocorticoids in inflammation?

What is the result of the systemic elevation of inflammatory cytokines?

What is the primary purpose of active vasodilatation of arterioles and capillaries during inflammation?

What is the result of the outpouring of albumin-rich fluid into the extravascular tissues during inflammation?

What is the primary function of T and B cells in the circulation during inflammation?

What is the result of the slowing of the circulation during inflammation?

What is the primary function of neutrophils during inflammation?

What is the final step of leukocyte exudation during inflammation?

What is the composition of pus?

What is the difference between a boil and a carbuncle?

What is the term for the spreading of pus to adjacent areas?

What is the mechanism of action of NSAIDs?

What is the therapeutic effect of agents that block TNF?

What is the role of glucocorticoids in inflammation?

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