Inflammation and Immunity
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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme on Angiotensin I?

  • It breaks Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II (correct)
  • It converts Angiotensin II into Angiotensin I
  • It has no effect on Angiotensin I
  • It inhibits the production of Angiotensin I

    • What is the result of RAAS on blood pressure?

  • It stabilizes blood pressure
  • It increases blood pressure (correct)
  • It decreases blood pressure
  • It has no effect on blood pressure

    • What is the purpose of an Epsom salt bath in treating injuries?

  • To relieve pain
  • To reduce edema (correct)
  • To reduce inflammation
  • To increase blood pressure

    • What is edema pitting?

    <p>A type of edema that leaves a dent when pressed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is third spacing?

    <p>Fluid accumulation in the intracavitary spaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for fluid accumulation in the heart sac?

    <p>Pericardial effusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic reactions?

    <p>IgE (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunity is the first line of defense against infection?

    <p>Innate immunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity involves the production of antibodies?

    <p>Humoral immunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunoglobulin is the most abundant in the bloodstream and is given to the placenta?

    <p>IgG (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells directly attack infected cells and produce cytokines?

    <p>NK cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity involves the activation of T cells and the development of immunological memory?

    <p>Cell-mediated immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of blood vessels in the context of inflammation?

    <p>To allow WBCs, fluids, and platelets to travel to the site of injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the accumulation of fluid in a body cavity?

    <p>Effusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the immune system's attack on the body's own tissues?

    <p>Autoimmune response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stimulus for the kidneys to secrete renin in the RAAS pathway?

    <p>Reduced circulation and low renal perfusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of inflammation that lasts for 3-6 months?

    <p>Chronic inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the fluid that accumulates in a body cavity and contains proteins, LDH, and dead cells?

    <p>Purulent exudate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that helps maintain oncotic pressure in blood vessels?

    <p>Albumin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to hydrostatic pressure when there is an imbalance in the Starling's forces?

    <p>It increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of low albumin levels in the bloodstream?

    <p>Edema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system in blood pressure regulation?

    <p>It increases blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the balance between hydrostatic and oncotic pressures is disrupted?

    <p>Fluid leaks out of the capillaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Starling's law related to?

    <p>Fluid movement across capillaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the period during a seizure episode?

    <p>Ictal period (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of clonic seizures?

    <p>Sustained and jerking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis for Parkinson's disease?

    <p>EEG (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range for Parkinson's disease?

    <p>40-85 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prognosis for ALS?

    <p>2-5 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of ALS that leads to progressive weakness and atrophy?

    <p>Damage to motor neurons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of MS?

    <p>Demyelination of the white matter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range for MS?

    <p>15-50 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Guillain-Barré syndrome?

    <p>Ascending weakness from feet to heart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for Myasthenia Gravis?

    <p>Tensilon Test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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