34 Questions
What is the effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme on Angiotensin I?
It breaks Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II
What is the result of RAAS on blood pressure?
It increases blood pressure
What is the purpose of an Epsom salt bath in treating injuries?
To reduce edema
What is edema pitting?
A type of edema that leaves a dent when pressed
What is third spacing?
Fluid accumulation in the intracavitary spaces
What is the term for fluid accumulation in the heart sac?
Pericardial effusion
What type of immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic reactions?
IgE
Which type of immunity is the first line of defense against infection?
Innate immunity
What type of immunity involves the production of antibodies?
Humoral immunity
What type of immunoglobulin is the most abundant in the bloodstream and is given to the placenta?
IgG
What type of cells directly attack infected cells and produce cytokines?
NK cells
What type of immunity involves the activation of T cells and the development of immunological memory?
Cell-mediated immunity
What is the primary function of blood vessels in the context of inflammation?
To allow WBCs, fluids, and platelets to travel to the site of injury
What is the term for the accumulation of fluid in a body cavity?
Effusion
What is the term for the immune system's attack on the body's own tissues?
Autoimmune response
What is the stimulus for the kidneys to secrete renin in the RAAS pathway?
Reduced circulation and low renal perfusion
What is the term for the type of inflammation that lasts for 3-6 months?
Chronic inflammation
What is the term for the fluid that accumulates in a body cavity and contains proteins, LDH, and dead cells?
Purulent exudate
What is the main factor that helps maintain oncotic pressure in blood vessels?
Albumin
What happens to hydrostatic pressure when there is an imbalance in the Starling's forces?
It increases
What is the result of low albumin levels in the bloodstream?
Edema
What is the role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system in blood pressure regulation?
It increases blood pressure
What happens when the balance between hydrostatic and oncotic pressures is disrupted?
Fluid leaks out of the capillaries
What is the Starling's law related to?
Fluid movement across capillaries
What is the term for the period during a seizure episode?
Ictal period
What is the main characteristic of clonic seizures?
Sustained and jerking
What is the diagnosis for Parkinson's disease?
EEG
What is the age range for Parkinson's disease?
40-85
What is the prognosis for ALS?
2-5 years
What is the characteristic of ALS that leads to progressive weakness and atrophy?
Damage to motor neurons
What is the main characteristic of MS?
Demyelination of the white matter
What is the age range for MS?
15-50
What is the characteristic of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Ascending weakness from feet to heart
What is the treatment for Myasthenia Gravis?
Tensilon Test
Learn about the different types of inflammation, including chronic and localized inflammation, and how the body responds to injury through immune responses. Understand the role of blood vessels, white blood cells, and platelets in this process.
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