29 Questions
Which of the following is a component of acute inflammation?
Margination
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?
Redness and swelling
What is the significance of acute inflammation in disease?
It is a protective response
What are the steps involved in extravasation of leukocytes?
Adhesion and transmigration
What is leukocyte activation?
The binding of leukocytes to the endothelium
What is the outcome of leukocyte dysfunction?
Impaired phagocytosis of microbes
Which of the following is NOT a component of inflammation?
Fibroblasts
Which of the following is a characteristic of acute inflammation?
Infiltration of neutrophils
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation in vascular changes?
Calor, rubor, and tumor
What is the basis for Sir Thomas Lewis' theory of the 'triple response'?
Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
What is the main function of fibroblasts in the inflammatory response?
Secretion of extracellular matrix proteins
What is the main purpose of studying inflammation?
To devise treatment strategies
Which one of these is the mechanism that propels and activates the leukocyte to/at the site of injury?
Transmigration
Which one of these is the step in extravasation of leukocytes where leukocytes form loose, transient adhesions with endothelial cells?
Rolling
Which one of these is the class of adhesion molecules that facilitate the transient interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells during rolling?
Selectins
Which one of these is the mediator that upregulates the expression and/or availability of selectins during inflammation?
Cytokines
Which one of these is the mediator that increases integrin's affinity for ICAM and VCAM by causing conformational changes in the integrin molecules?
Cytokines
Which one of these is the molecule that mediates the transmigration of leukocytes through venule walls?
PECAM-1
Which of the following is responsible for the signs of redness and warmth in an affected area during inflammation?
Increased blood flow
What happens when arteriolar hydrostatic pressure increases during acute inflammation?
Fluid moves from the blood plasma into the interstitial space
What is the net loss of fluid to the interstitial space in normal blood flow?
2 ml/min
What is the term for the fluid taken up into the lymphatic system and returned to the venous circulation?
Edema
Which of the following is responsible for the formation of an exudate during acute inflammation?
Increased hydrostatic pressure
Which molecule triggers the release of intracellular calcium stores in leukocytes?
Inositol triphosphate (IP3)
What is the purpose of leukocyte recruitment to the site of injury?
Phagocytosis of debris and insulting substances
Which protein is responsible for the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to hypochlorous radical?
Myeloperoxidase (MPO)
What is the defect in LAD -1?
Defective β subunit of integrin
What is the defect in LAD -2?
Deficiency in fucose metabolism
What is the defect in CGD (chronic granulomatous disease)?
Deficiency in NADPH oxidase
Quiz: Understanding Inflammation and its Effects on Blood Flow Test your knowledge on inflammation and its impact on blood flow with this informative quiz. Explore the concepts of vasodilation, increased permeability, and the effects of fluid loss on blood cells. Gain a deeper understanding of the signs and processes associated with inflammation.
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