Cellular Phase of Inflammation and Leukocytes Functions

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What is the role of hydrostatic pressure in the body?

Pushes fluid from inside blood vessels into the interstitial space (correct)

Causes the movement of water towards a less concentrated solution

Pulls fluid from the interstitial space into blood vessels

Increases the concentration of two solutions separated by a membrane

What is the main cause of inflammatory edema?

Increased osmotic pressure in the blood vessels

Escaping of red blood cells into the interstitium

Damaged endothelial cells lining capillary walls (correct)

Decreased hydrostatic pressure in the interstitial space

How does osmotic pressure affect the movement of water?

Causes water to move towards a more dilute solution

Directs water towards the less concentrated solution (correct)

Prevents movement of water across semipermeable membranes

Stops the flow of water through blood vessels

What happens when capillaries become leakier due to damage to endothelial cells?

Plasma proteins escape from blood vessels into interstitium Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues?

Edema Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the zone of mature connective tissue in the healing process?

Vascularization Signup and view all the answers

Which zone of the healing process is responsible for the growth of new capillaries and provides a collateral circulatory supply?

Zone of capillary proliferation Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of fibroblasts in the healing process?

Laying down extracellular matrix Signup and view all the answers

Which zone of the healing process is characterized by the presence of phagocytic cells and increased vascular permeability?

Zone of capillary sprouts and arches Signup and view all the answers

Which zone provides precursors for neocapillary growth in the healing process?

Zone of mature connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between dystrophic and metastatic calcification?

Dystrophic calcification is caused by high blood calcium levels, while metastatic calcification involves deposition of calcium at the site of tissue necrosis. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding amyloid accumulation?

Amyloid accumulation alters the function of affected tissues and may eventually cause cell death. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of apoptotic cells?

Aggregation of nuclear chromatin Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes programmed cell death (PCD)?

PCD may include disintegration of mitochondria. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of monocytes/macrophages in the circulatory system?

Stimulate phagocytosis of dead cells Signup and view all the answers

Why does uric acid crystal accumulation lead to gout?

Uric acid crystal accumulation causes inflammation in joints and other organs. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when cells carry the 'eat me' signal?

They are targeted for phagocytosis by monocytes/macrophages. Signup and view all the answers

In what conditions can amyloid accumulation occur?

Can accumulate as an organ changes with age Signup and view all the answers

'Death genes' manufacture proteins that circulate in the cytoplasm and destroy unwanted cells. What process does this describe?

Apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of increased urates and uric acid crystals in the blood?

Formation of kidney stones Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between granulation tissue and granuloma?

Granulation tissue is an example of fibrovascular proliferation, while granuloma is a special type of chronic inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

During the demolition or inflammatory phase of wound healing, which cells mainly perform the tasks of cleaning up the wound and removing damaged tissue?

Neutrophils and macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the granulation phase of wound healing?

Granulation tissue filling in the wound Signup and view all the answers

Which phase involves immature fibrous tissue maturing and forming a fibrous scar?

Maturation phase Signup and view all the answers

What is a main characteristic of the healing of open wounds?

Formation of granulation tissue Signup and view all the answers

What happens if severe tissue injuries occur and healing by regeneration of tissues is not possible?

Scar tissue will fill the injured site Signup and view all the answers

How does healing by first intention differ from healing by second intention?

Healing by first intention involves uniform bridging by connective tissue, while healing by second intention involves resorption of exudates. Signup and view all the answers

What are the phases involved in formulation of granulation tissue as we progress from the deep area to the surface?

Phase of Inflammation, Phase of Clearance, Phase of Ingrowth of Granulation Tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of granuloma during wound healing?

Circumscribed collection of macrophages surrounded by lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of neutrophils in inflammation?

Performing phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a systemic effect of acute inflammation?

Fever Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflammatory exudate is characterized by a watery consistency?

Serous Signup and view all the answers

Which category of cells has limited regenerative capability?

Permanent cells Signup and view all the answers

How do antipyretic drugs primarily work in reducing fever?

Altering pyrogen synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes chronic inflammation from acute inflammation?

Duration of the inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chronic inflammation is associated with granuloma formation?

Granulomatous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What role do Acute Phase Proteins (APP) play in early inflammation?

Serving as diagnostic tools for tissue injury detection Signup and view all the answers