Inflammation: Acute & Chronic
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a common cause of inflammation?

  • Excessive exercise
  • Allergic reactions
  • Emotional stress
  • Viral infections (correct)

    • What is the result of viral infection on individual cells?

  • Cellular regeneration
  • Cellular atrophy
  • Intracellular multiplication leading to cell death (correct)
  • Enhanced cellular function

    • Which microbes release specific toxins that contribute to inflammation?

  • Bacteria (correct)
  • Fungi
  • Parasites
  • Protozoa

    • What are the characteristic symptoms of inflammation?

    <p>Redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of acute inflammation?

    <p>Vascular changes including vasodilation and increased vascular permeability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stimuli can cause acute inflammation?

    <p>Infections, tissue damage, immune reactions, and chemical mediators (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause tissue necrosis and inflammation?

    <p>Infections such as bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic, and microbial toxins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can cause vascular leakage in acute inflammation?

    <p>Chemical mediators like histamine and cytokines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Persistent injury or infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable feature of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Tissue destruction, repair, and fibrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diseases may involve chronic inflammation?

    <p>Tuberculosis, pulmonary silicosis, multiple sclerosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of agents can cause tissue damage and vascular leakage?

    <p>Physical agents like ischemia and trauma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may trigger acute inflammation?

    <p>Immune reactions including hypersensitivity reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can cause vascular leakage in chronic inflammation?

    <p>Chemical mediators like cytokines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conditions tend to occur under chronic inflammation?

    <p>Persistent organisms and prolonged exposure to toxins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way viruses cause cell death?

    <p>By multiplying inside cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can bacterial toxins cause?

    <p>Hypersensitivity reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can physical or chemical agents cause tissue damage and inflammation?

    <p>Through direct contact or radiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to an acute inflammatory response?

    <p>Tissue necrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fever in response to inflammation?

    <p>To improve the efficiency of leukocyte killing and impair the replication of some invading organisms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause tissue damage from inflammation?

    <p>Viral and bacterial infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are potential long-term health consequences of systemic impact from inflammation?

    <p>Chronic inflammation, scarring, and tissue fibrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of leukocytosis in inflammation?

    <p>To increase circulating white blood cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does tissue necrosis contribute to inflammation?

    <p>By leading to an acute inflammatory response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are local effects of inflammation?

    <p>Tissue damage and acute inflammatory response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bacteria contribute to tissue damage?

    <p>By producing specific toxins damaging tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following microbes can contribute to inflammation by causing the death of individual cells through intracellular multiplication?

    <p>Viruses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which bacteria can contribute to inflammation?

    <p>Release of endotoxins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common causes of inflammation?

    <p>Bacteria and microbial infections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the typical characteristics of inflammation in living tissue?

    <p>Redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do viruses cause cell death?

    <p>By multiplying inside cells or inhibiting their function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can bacterial toxins cause?

    <p>Hypersensitivity reaction damaging tissues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can physical or chemical agents cause tissue damage and inflammation?

    <p>Through direct contact or radiation exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to an acute inflammatory response?

    <p>Tissue necrosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fever in response to inflammation?

    <p>To improve the efficiency of leukocyte killing and impair the replication of some invading organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are potential long-term health consequences of systemic impact from inflammation?

    <p>Chronic inflammation and scarring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause tissue damage from inflammation?

    <p>Viral and bacterial infections, physical trauma, chemical or radiation exposure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of inflammation?

    <p>Fever (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may trigger acute inflammation?

    <p>Physical trauma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Persistent irritants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does tissue necrosis contribute to inflammation?

    <p>It leads to an acute inflammatory response. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can trigger acute inflammation?

    <p>Infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Prolonged duration and tissue destruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical mediators can contribute to vascular leakage in acute inflammation?

    <p>Histamine and cytokines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of agents can cause tissue damage and vascular leakage?

    <p>Physical agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diseases may involve chronic inflammation?

    <p>Rheumatoid arthritis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stimuli for acute inflammation?

    <p>Infections, tissue damage, immune reactions, chemical mediators (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do immune reactions contribute to acute inflammation?

    <p>By triggering hypersensitivity reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause chronic inflammation?

    <p>Prolonged exposure to toxins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do physical agents play in causing tissue damage?

    <p>They contribute to vascular changes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Prolonged persistence with fibrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Viruses cause cell death through multiplication inside cells or by inhibiting their function, leading to cell death or cell rupture.

    • Bacteria produce specific toxins that can cause a hypersensitivity reaction, an inappropriate immune response that damages tissues.

    • Physical or chemical agents, such as irritants or corrosive chemicals, can cause tissue damage and inflammation through direct contact or radiation.

    • Tissue necrosis, or cell death due to lack of oxygen or nutrients, leads to an acute inflammatory response.

    • Inflammation can have both local and systemic effects, including fever, malaise, and leukocytosis (an increase in circulating white blood cells).

    • Fever is a common response to inflammation, and its function is to improve the efficiency of leukocyte killing and impair the replication of some invading organisms.

    • Inflammation can occur as a result of various causes, including viral and bacterial infections, physical trauma, and chemical or radiation exposure.

    • Tissue damage from inflammation can lead to further complications, such as chronic inflammation, scarring, and tissue fibrosis.

    • Inflammation can also have a systemic impact on the body, leading to symptoms such as fever, malaise, and fatigue, as well as potential long-term health consequences.

    • Acute inflammation is characterized by vascular changes, including vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, leading to edema and white blood cell recruitment.

    • The stimuli for acute inflammation include infections, tissue damage, immune reactions, and chemical mediators.

    • Infections, such as bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic, and microbial toxins, can cause tissue necrosis and inflammation.

    • Immune reactions, including hypersensitivity reactions, can also trigger acute inflammation.

    • Chemical mediators, such as histamine and cytokines, can cause vascular leakage and further contribute to inflammation.

    • Physical agents, like ischemia, trauma, and thermal injury, can cause tissue damage and vascular leakage.

    • Foreign bodies, like splinters, dirt, and sutures, can also trigger an inflammatory response.

    • In chronic inflammation, the inflammatory response persists for a long duration and results in tissue destruction, repair, and fibrosis.

    • Chronic inflammation can be caused by persistent injury or infection, prolonged exposure to toxins, and autoimmune diseases.

    • Chronic inflammation is a common component in many diseases, including ulcers, tuberculosis, pulmonary silicosis, and autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis.

    • Chronic inflammation tends to occur under certain conditions, including persistent organisms, repeated bouts of acute inflammation, and prolonged exposure to toxins.

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    Related Documents

    Inflammation - Acute & Chronic PDF

    Description

    Learn about the response of living tissue to injury, including redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function. Understand the causes of inflammation, including microbial infections and tissue injury.

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