54 Questions
What is the typical timeframe for the development of secondary syphilis in adults after the appearance of the primary chancre?
6-8 weeks
What is the characteristic rash associated with secondary syphilis?
Erythematous maculopapular rash over the entire body
What is the fate of the secondary syphilis lesions without treatment?
The lesions regress without treatment
Which of the following is not a common symptom of secondary syphilis?
Rash limited to the palms and soles
What is the histologic hallmark of the primary chancre in syphilis?
Endarteritis and periarteritis
What is the most common age range for the development of secondary syphilis?
20-45 years
Which stage of syphilis is characterized by maculopapular lesions that cover most of the body?
Secondary syphilis
What is the causative agent of syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
Why is Treponema pallidum not observable through conventional light microscopy?
It is too thin to be stained
What is the most rapid method for visualizing Treponema pallidum?
Darkfield microscopy
Which region of the body can exhibit condyloma lata in secondary syphilis?
Anogenital region
How do the lesions in secondary syphilis differ from childhood exanthems and infectious mononucleosis?
They also occur on the palms and soles
Which of the following statements about the maculopapular rash in infectious mononucleosis is correct?
It is faint, widely scattered, and erythematous.
What percentage of patients with infectious mononucleosis typically develop petechiae on the hard and soft palates?
25-60%
Which of the following statements regarding the maculopapular rash in infectious mononucleosis is true?
It is more common in young children than in young adults.
What percentage of patients with infectious mononucleosis develop a maculopapular rash?
10-15%
Which of the following statements about infectious mononucleosis is correct?
It is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which infects B lymphocytes.
What percentage of patients with EBV mononucleosis treated with amoxicillin or ampicillin develop a maculopapular rash?
About 80%
What is the characteristic rash associated with secondary syphilis?
Erythematous maculopapular rash over the entire body, including the palms and soles
Which region of the body can exhibit condyloma lata in secondary syphilis?
Genitalia
What is the fate of the secondary syphilis lesions without treatment?
The lesions regress without treatment
How do the lesions in secondary syphilis differ from those in infectious mononucleosis?
Secondary syphilis has a generalized maculopapular rash, while infectious mononucleosis has a petechial rash
What is the most common age range for the development of secondary syphilis?
20-45 years old
What is the histologic hallmark of the primary chancre in syphilis?
All of the above
What causes the maculopapular rash in infectious mononucleosis?
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
What percentage of patients with infectious mononucleosis typically develop a maculopapular rash?
10-15%
In which age group is the maculopapular rash more common in infectious mononucleosis?
Young children
What percentage of patients with EBV mononucleosis treated with amoxicillin or ampicillin develop a maculopapular rash?
80%
What is the characteristic appearance of the maculopapular rash in infectious mononucleosis?
Faint, widely scattered, and erythematous
Which statement about the epidemiology of infectious mononucleosis is correct?
EBV is found worldwide and is common and relatively mild in children.
Which of the following best describes the characteristic maculopapular lesions in secondary syphilis?
They involve the palms and soles, unlike childhood exanthems
Which region can exhibit condyloma lata lesions in secondary syphilis?
Anogenital region and oral/nasal mucosa
What is the causative organism of syphilis?
Spirochete Treponema pallidum
Why is darkfield microscopy useful for visualizing Treponema pallidum?
T. pallidum is too thin to be stained and observed with conventional light microscopy
Which stage of syphilis is characterized by widespread maculopapular lesions covering most of the body?
Secondary syphilis
How do the lesions in secondary syphilis differ from those in childhood exanthems and infectious mononucleosis?
They can involve the palms and soles
What is the most common rickettsial tick-borne infection in the United States?
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Which organism causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Rickettsia rickettsii
What is a unique manifestation of Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
The rash begins as erythematous macules on the wrists and ankles
What is the typical timeframe for the development of symptoms after a tick bite in Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
5-10 days
What can be a consequence of damage to the blood vessels in Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
All of the above
What is the most common symptom that occurs in the majority of Rocky Mountain spotted fever patients?
Rash
What is the most common cause of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)?
S. aureus strains producing superantigen TSS toxin-1 (TSST-1) or enterotoxins
Which of the following is a key characteristic of Staphylococcal TSS?
Staphylococcal TSS is an acute-onset illness characterized by fever, hypotension, and rash
What is the primary reason for the prompt removal of attached ticks to prevent the transmission of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?
It takes several hours for an attached tick to transmit the RMSF bacterium
Which of the following is a key characteristic of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)?
A diffuse scarlatina-like erythema is seen in about 10% of patients
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)?
People of any age can be affected, and many do not have any predisposing conditions
Which of the following is a key distinguishing feature of the rash in Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) compared to other infectious diseases?
Desquamation, especially on the palms and soles, is frequently seen in survivors
What is the primary cause of pathology in Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?
Increased vascular permeability leading to edema and hypovolemia
Which of the following is NOT a common laboratory finding suggestive of RMSF?
Hypernatremia (increased sodium levels)
What is the recommended treatment for RMSF if there is a suspicion of the disease?
Initiate treatment with doxycycline immediately
Which of the following is a method used for diagnosing RMSF?
All of the above
What is the characteristic rash seen in RMSF?
Petechial rash
Which of the following is an important method of preventing RMSF?
All of the above
Test your knowledge on infectious mononucleosis and syphilis. Learn about the stages of syphilis, its causes, and characteristic symptoms like skin lesions. Explore the bacterium Treponema pallidum and its unique corkscrew motility.
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