Infectious Disease Consult for Bone Infection Treatment

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Questions and Answers

What type of nonunion is characterized by a lack of vascularity and bone formation at the fracture site?

  • Septic nonunion
  • Oligotrophic nonunion
  • Atrophic nonunion (correct)
  • Hypertrophic nonunion

Which type of bone healing involves the formation of a callus around the fracture site?

  • Hypertrophic bone healing
  • Tertiary bone healing
  • Primary bone healing
  • Secondary bone healing (correct)

What kind of bone graft contains viable osteoblasts, progenitor cells, and mesenchymal stem cells?

  • Autogenous bone graft (correct)
  • Allograft bone
  • Demineralized bone matrix
  • Platelet concentrates

In the context of nonunion, what does the term 'pseudarthrosis' refer to?

<p>Absence of bone healing after a fracture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor promotes vascular ingrowth and healing in bone after a fracture?

<p>Mesenchymal stem cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of septic nonunion?

<p>Infection at the fracture site (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum post-occurrence period for a nonunion fracture?

<p>9 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a fracture that has healed in less than an optimal position?

<p>Malunion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nonunion shows radiographically abundant callus formation but no bridging bone and inadequate stability?

<p>Hypertrophic nonunion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of atrophic nonunion is evidenced by radiographically absent callus, poor biology, and inadequate fixation?

<p>Oligotrophic nonunion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used for a fracture showing slower progression to healing than anticipated and at risk of non-union without further intervention?

<p>Delayed union (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a fracture that, in the opinion of the treating physician, has no possibility of healing without further intervention?

<p>Malunion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nonunion is characterized by a combination of atrophic and hypertrophic features?

<p>Oligotrophic nonunion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as a risk factor for nonunion in the text?

<p>High calcium levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone healing involves "Relative Stability" of bony surfaces?

<p>Secondary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of nonunion is there a reduction in blood flow from organisms consuming nutrition to healthy bone?

<p>Oligotrophic nonunion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical aspect in guiding the proliferation and differentiation process of multipotent stem cells in osseous healing?

<p>Bone morphogenic protein (BMP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of atrophic nonunion is characterized by an intermediate fragment defect?

<p>Intermediate atrophic nonunion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the Diamond Concept Osteogenic Cells in bone healing?

<p>Guiding the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Absolute Stability" of bony surfaces in bone healing involves:

<p>Minimal inter-fragmentary strains of less than 5% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Mechanical Stability" in bone healing helps encourage which type of cell for ossification?

<p>'Osteoblasts' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a nonunion characterized by an excessive callus formation radiographically but no bridging bone and inadequate stability?

<p>Hypertrophic nonunion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of bone healing, what type of nonunion is evidenced by radiographically absent callus, poor biology, and inadequate fixation?

<p>Atrophic nonunion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe a condition in which a fracture shows persistent mobility and an infection at the fracture site?

<p>Septic nonunion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nonunion is characterized by a combination of hypertrophic and atrophic features?

<p>Oligotrophic nonunion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term 'pseudarthrosis' refers to a condition where the fracture site exhibits mobility without any infection or inflammation, which type of nonunion does this refer to?

<p>Atrophic nonunion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Pseudoarthrosis' does not address associated problems of angulation, malrotation, and shortening. This statement refers to which type of nonunion?

<p>Atrophic nonunion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main feature of a hypertrophic nonunion?

<p>Radiographically abundant callus formation with bridging bone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes atrophic nonunion from hypertrophic nonunion?

<p>Radiographically absent callus formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a septic nonunion?

<p>Infection at the nonunion site (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nonunion is NOT included in the types of nonunion listed in the text?

<p>Neurogenic Nonunion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pseudoarthrosis in bone healing refers to what condition?

<p>Inadequate fracture healing leading to a false joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the type of nonunion that shows good biology and blood supply but inadequate stability?

<p>Atrophic Nonunion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes hypertrophic nonunion from atrophic nonunion?

<p>Radiographically abundant callus formation with no bridging bone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is septic nonunion associated with reduced new bone formation?

<p>Decrease in blood flow from organisms consuming nutrition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes oligotrophic nonunion?

<p>Incomplete callus formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes pseudoarthrosis from hypertrophic nonunion?

<p>Excessive motion and instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nonunion is characterized by necrotic intermediate fragment?

<p>Atrophic Nonunion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Atrophy' in nonunion refers to what specific aspect?

<p>Absence of radiographic callus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Septic' in septic nonunion refers to what underlying cause?

<p>Presence of infection and reduction in blood flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Oligotrophic' in oligotrophic nonunion signifies what characteristic?

<p>Inadequate callus formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Pseudoarthrosis' is primarily associated with which factor?

<p>'Excessive motion and instability' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Hypertrophic' in hypertrophic nonunion relates to which visual characteristic?

<p>'Radiographically abundant callus with no bridging' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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