Infectious and Skin Conditions Management

Questions and Answers

Where can melanocytes be found?

Epidermis (correct)

Superficial fascia

Loose connective tissue

Dermis

What are the three major glands of the skin?

Sudoriferous, ceruminous, sebaceous

What is the most deadly skin cancer?

Melanoma

Place the steps in order for medical treatment during the emergent phase of burn management: Stop, drop, and roll, provide an open airway, control any bleeding, remove all now-adherent clothing and jewelry, cover victim with a clean cloth or sheet, transport victim to the hospital.

C, E, F, D, B, A Signup and view all the answers

What are major functions of the skin? (Select all that apply)

Vitamin D synthesis Signup and view all the answers

During primary survey assessment of a burn patient, which are early signs of carbon monoxide poisoning? (Select all that apply)

Unsteady gait Signup and view all the answers

What is a common diagnostic criterion for identifying systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? (Select all that apply)

Butterfly rash over nose and cheeks Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing interventions and patient teaching are important for the treatment of head lice and scabies? (Select all that apply)

Clothing, linens, and bath articles thoroughly cleaned in hot water Signup and view all the answers

When administering a therapeutic bath for a patient with contact dermatitis, what is important to remember?

Using Burow's solution helps promote healing. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse observe for in a patient who has had chemotherapy and was exposed to a visitor with varicella?

Herpes zoster Signup and view all the answers

What medication is useful in delaying the progression of herpetic diseases for a patient with herpes zoster?

Acyclovir (Zovirax) Signup and view all the answers

What is a probable diagnosis for a child with pruritus and honey-colored crusts on the lips and chin?

Impetigo Signup and view all the answers

What organism causes tinea capitis in a patient with an erythematous patch of vesicles on the scalp?

Fungus Signup and view all the answers

In assessing a patient with urticaria and papules, what should the nurse gather data about?

Changes in medication Signup and view all the answers

If a patient develops wheals or hives after taking medications, what should the nurse do?

Hold all medications and notify the physician. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important factor to discuss with a patient regarding acne vulgaris?

Impact on self-image and lifestyle Signup and view all the answers

What does a raised and shiny tissue growth at an incisional site indicate?

Keloid Signup and view all the answers

When does the greatest fluid loss from burns usually occur?

Within 12 hours after burn trauma Signup and view all the answers

What should nurses be concerned about most often in patients with burn trauma?

Infection Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of carbon monoxide intoxication following smoke inhalation?

Binds with hemoglobin in place of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

After an electrical burn, what is the primary nursing concern?

Likelihood of cardiac arrest Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of burn-related deaths after the first 72 hours?

Infection Signup and view all the answers

What describes Curling's ulcer following severe burns?

It occurs 8 to 14 days later and is signaled by bright red emesis. Signup and view all the answers

What temperature should the nurse maintain in the room for a burn patient to prevent chilling?

85° F (29.4° C) Signup and view all the answers

What indicates successful measures to promote suppuration of a carbuncle?

Area has begun to drain exudate Signup and view all the answers

What is the key to managing severe eczema for a patient?

Keep the skin well hydrated Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse monitor in a patient who has excreted large amounts of urine after burns?

Assess for signs of fluid overload Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a therapeutic response to acyclovir (Zovirax) in a patient with genital herpes?

Decrease in pain Signup and view all the answers

When assessing for tinea corporis, where should the nurse check?

Anterior abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What is the first nursing intervention for dermatitis venenata after a patient has come in contact with an irritant?

Wash the area with copious amounts of water Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of wound debridement?

Prevent infection and promote healing Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse frequently assess in a burn patient with singed nasal hairs?

Respiratory complications Signup and view all the answers

What may indicate a malignant melanoma in a nevus on a patient's arm?

Irregular border of the mole Signup and view all the answers

To determine cyanosis in a dark-skinned patient, what area should the nurse assess?

Lips and mucous membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is the most helpful instruction for managing severe contact dermatitis from picking strawberries?

Use cool, wet dressings to promote vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse advise a patient to prevent malignant melanoma risk?

Avoid sun exposure and use protective measures Signup and view all the answers

What supportive therapy is important for managing systemic lupus erythematosus?

Balanced diet and rest-activity balance Signup and view all the answers

What complications can Staphylococcus aureus cause in adults with cellulitis?

Sepsis and meningitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of nursing interventions for herpes virus infections?

Focus on treating symptoms and preventing spread Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes scabies from pediculosis?

Scabies is caused by mites that burrow into the skin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pruritus Management

Burow's solution aids in promoting healing for contact dermatitis.
Cool environments with increased humidity help decrease pruritus.

Infectious Skin Conditions

Chemotherapy patients are at risk for herpes zoster (shingles) due to weakened immune systems.
Acyclovir (Zovirax) is prescribed for herpes zoster to reduce pain and duration.
Impetigo, characterized by honey-colored crusts, is common in children.

Fungal and Parasitic Infections

Tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp, is caused by a fungus (Microsporum audouinii).
Urticaria arises from allergic reactions and can be triggered by medication changes.

Burn Injuries

The greatest fluid loss following burns typically occurs within the first 12 hours.
Infection is a major complication to monitor for in burn patients after 72 hours.
Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin, complicating smoke inhalation injuries.

Wound Care and Debridement

Debridement aims to prevent infection and promote healing by removing damaged tissue.
Keeping room temperature at 85° F can help prevent chilling in burn patients.

Melanoma and Skin Assessment

Malignant melanoma is identified by changes in mole characteristics, such as irregular borders.
Cyanosis in dark-skinned individuals can be assessed in lips and mucous membranes.

Skin Glands and Functions

The skin contains sudoriferous (sweat), ceruminous (earwax), and sebaceous (oil) glands.
Key functions of the skin include protection, temperature regulation, waste excretion, and vitamin D synthesis.

Skin Care Interventions

For severe eczema, maintaining skin hydration is critical.
Applying wet dressings can help manage pruritus from contact dermatitis.
Nursing care for herpes virus involves treating symptoms and preventing virus spread.

Nutritional and Lifestyle Considerations

A balanced diet and lifestyle are essential for managing systemic lupus erythematosus.
Proper sun protection can help mitigate the risk of malignant melanoma.

Parasitic Infections

Scabies is caused by mites burrowing into the skin, distinct from pediculosis.

Nursing Interventions

Monitor for symptoms of respiratory complications in burn patients with singed nasal hairs.
Encourage monitoring of skin changes as a preventive measure for malignant melanoma.

Emergency Burn Treatment Steps

Steps include stopping, dropping, and rolling; ensuring an open airway; and controlling bleeding.### Functions of the Skin
Skin acts as a protective barrier against environmental hazards and pathogens.
Regulates body temperature through perspiration and blood flow.
Facilitates sensation via nerve endings that detect touch, heat, and pain.

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Early signs include headache, nausea, vomiting, and unsteady gait.
Important for nurses to assess these symptoms during primary survey of burn patients.
Carbon monoxide exposure can lead to serious complications if not identified promptly.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Diagnostic criteria include butterfly rash on the face, photosensitivity, and joint pain (polyarthralgias and polyarthritis).
Awareness of these signs is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
SLE is a chronic autoimmune condition that requires ongoing management.

Treatment for Head Lice and Scabies

Essential interventions include thoroughly cleaning clothing, linens, and bath articles in hot water to prevent reinfestation.
Education on the nature and transmission of the diseases is critical for preventing further spread.
Special diets and complete isolation from the public are not necessary post-management.
Reinforcement of the importance of identifying involved contacts is vital in management of these parasitic conditions.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the management of various skin conditions, including pruritus, infectious diseases, fungal infections, and burn injuries. It covers treatment options, risk factors, and care techniques pertinent to dermatological health. Test your knowledge on wound care and debridement in this comprehensive quiz.