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unique group of infectious agents whose distinctiveness resides in their simple, acellular organization and pat-
tern of reproduction
unique group of infectious agents whose distinctiveness resides in their simple, acellular organization and pat- tern of reproduction
Virus
one or more molecules of DNA or RNA enclosed in a coat of protein, and sometimes also in other layers
one or more molecules of DNA or RNA enclosed in a coat of protein, and sometimes also in other layers
Virion
areas of cellular destruction and lysis
areas of cellular destruction and lysis
Plaque
develops due to the rapid death of cells
develops due to the rapid death of cells
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centrifugation of a suspension at various speeds to
separate particles of different sizes
centrifugation of a suspension at various speeds to separate particles of different sizes
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Viruses also can be purified based on their size and density
Viruses also can be purified based on their size and density
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Viruses, like many proteins, can be purified through concentrated ammonium sulfate.
Viruses, like many proteins, can be purified through concentrated ammonium sulfate.
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Contaminants may be denatured and
precipitated with heat or a change in pH to purify viruses.
Contaminants may be denatured and precipitated with heat or a change in pH to purify viruses.
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Cellular proteins and nucleic acids can be removed from many
virus preparations
Cellular proteins and nucleic acids can be removed from many virus preparations
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composed of a
nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA
composed of a nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA
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protein coat, which protects viral genetic material and aids
in its transfer between host cells
protein coat, which protects viral genetic material and aids in its transfer between host cells
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regular polyhedron with 20 equilateral triangular faces and
12 vertices (figure 16.10h,j–l). These capsids appear spherical
when viewed at low power in the electron microscope
regular polyhedron with 20 equilateral triangular faces and 12 vertices (figure 16.10h,j–l). These capsids appear spherical when viewed at low power in the electron microscope
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shaped like hollow protein
cylinders, which may be either rigid or flexible (figure
shaped like hollow protein cylinders, which may be either rigid or flexible (figure
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outer membranous
layer surrounding the nucleocapsid.
outer membranous layer surrounding the nucleocapsid.
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capsid symmetry that is neither purely
icosahedral nor helical
capsid symmetry that is neither purely icosahedral nor helical
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Both helical and icosahedral capsids are large macromolec-
ular structures constructed from many copies of one or a few
types of protein subunits
Both helical and icosahedral capsids are large macromolec- ular structures constructed from many copies of one or a few types of protein subunits
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