Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts

Which of the following is a component of the host immune system?

What are the common infection complications associated with immunodeficiencies?

Which type of microorganism is a normal inhabitant of the human body?

Which microorganism regularly causes disease in individuals with intact defense system?

Which microorganism causes disease mostly in immunocompromised individuals?

What is the key difference between primary pathogens and opportunistic pathogens?

Which term describes a host with the ability to mount a normal immune response?

Which type of infection is commonly associated with neutropenic fever?

Which type of infection is commonly associated with solid organ or haemopoietic stem cell transplantation?

Which term describes a microorganism capable of causing disease?

Which organism is commonly associated with Ecthyma gangrenosum?

What is the definition of neutropenia?

In transplant recipients, fever may be a poor indicator of infection due to what reason?

Which book provides a molecular perspective of microbial pathogenicity?

Which of the following is a pitfall in transplant recipients?

Which organism is commonly associated with septic shock in neutropenic patients?

Which type of immunodeficiency is associated with atypical presentation or atypical radiological/histological findings?

Which of the following can be unreliable in transplant recipients?

Which book provides an introduction to the immune response?

Which of the following is associated with dampened immune response in transplant recipients?

Which cells are part of the innate immune system?

Which type of immunity is characterized by a slower response and long-lived responding cells?

What is the main difference between primary and secondary immunodeficiency?

What are common causes of secondary immunodeficiency?

What types of pathogens are immunocompromised hosts predisposed to?

What is the main difference between B cell immunodeficiency and T cell immunodeficiency?

What type of organisms are individuals with T cell immunodeficiency predisposed to?

What is the main symptom of primary immunodeficiency?

What is the main symptom of secondary immunodeficiency?

What is the main difference between primary and secondary immunodeficiency in terms of their causes?

Which organization recommends evaluating the necessity of catheterization?

Which organization recommends reviewing the ongoing need for catheter regularly?

Which organization recommends using the smallest bore catheter possible?

Which organization recommends maintaining a closed drainage system?

Which organization recommends using barrier precautions for insertion?

Which organization recommends using aseptic technique/sterile equipment?

Which organization recommends maintaining the drainage bag below the level of the bladder?

Which of the following is a common type of healthcare-associated infection?

Which infection has the highest infection rate among device-related healthcare-associated infections?

Which route of entry of uropathogens to the catheterized urinary tract involves contamination of the collection bag urine?

What enables organisms to avoid host defenses, resist antibiotic therapy, and provide a reservoir for ongoing infection if the catheter is not removed?

Which factor has the highest relative risk for catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

Which book is referenced for the information on risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

Which infection control measure is NOT part of the 5 Point Care Bundle implemented in the Michigan Experience?

What was the median rate of catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CABSI) after 18 months of implementing the 5 Point Care Bundle in the Michigan Experience?

What is the estimated cost of the five most common hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) in the United States in 2012?

What is the estimated cost of the corresponding HAIs in 2012?

What is the estimated cost of Surgical Site Infections (SSI) in 2012?

What is the estimated cost of Surgical Site Infections (SSI) in Hong Kong dollars in 2012?

How many ICUs were included in the Michigan Experience?

How many doctors and nurses were assigned to each ICU in the Michigan Experience?

Which vein was preferred for optimal catheter site selection in the Michigan Experience?

Which type of surgery is antibiotic prophylaxis appropriate for?

What is the preferred type of antibiotics for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis?

When should surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis be administered?

What is the recommended method for skin preparation at the surgical site?

What should be done before surgical hand preparation?

What should be used for surgical hand antiseptic products?

What should be done to maintain normothermia during surgery?

Which of the following is the preferred antibiotic for surgical prophylaxis in clean surgery involving the placement of prosthesis or implant according to the text?

What is the recommended time frame for administering surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis before incision according to the text?

Which of the following is NOT recommended for surgical hand preparation according to the text?

What is the recommended method for incision site care according to the text?

What is the main purpose of maintaining normothermia (core temp. 36-38oC) pre- and intraoperatively according to the text?

What is the recommended duration for keeping the operative wound covered with a sterile dressing according to the text?

Which of the following is NOT recommended for ventilation and environment in the operating theater according to the text?