Infection Control Procedures

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of cleaning?

  • To make tools and equipment safe for use
  • To sanitize nonporous surfaces
  • To remove visible dirt and potential pathogens (correct)
  • To kill all pathogens on surfaces

What kind of objects does cleaning primarily target?

  • Objects that come in contact with broken skin
  • Non-porous objects
  • Objects that come in contact with unbroken skin (correct)
  • Porous objects

Why does cleaning not kill pathogens?

  • Cleaning only reduces the number of pathogens and slows their growth (correct)
  • Cleaning agents are not strong enough to kill pathogens
  • Cleaning does kill pathogens, but it takes a long time
  • Cleaning only removes visible dirt, not microscopic pathogens

What does the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard require for disinfectants?

<p>They must be EPA-registered and labeled as effective against HBV and HIV. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an EPA-registered disinfectant effectively control?

<p>Spread of disease on nonporous surfaces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cleaning?

<p>Kills all pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about cleaning in relation to making tools and equipment safe for use?

<p>Cleaning is essential, but not sufficient, to make tools and equipment safe for use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an EPA-approved form of disinfectant for industry use?

<p>Powders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a sanitizer?

<p>To reduce pathogens on nonporous surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when choosing a disinfectant?

<p>Effectiveness and speed of action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an antiseptic?

<p>To reduce pathogens on the skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common use for disinfectant solutions?

<p>Cleaning floors and work surfaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key to ensuring all pathogens are killed or inactivated by a disinfectant?

<p>Adhering to the contact time listed on the label (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum percentage of alcohol that can be used as an antiseptic for the skin?

<p>70% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential hazard associated with using disinfectant solutions?

<p>They can be irritating to the skin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'bloodborne pathogens' refer to?

<p>Infectious microorganisms in human blood that cause disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered personal protective equipment (PPE)?

<p>Disinfectant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following procedures aims to eliminate all pathogens, including bacterial spores?

<p>Sterilization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of disinfectant is recommended for use on multi-use supplies that have come in contact with blood or body fluids?

<p>EPA-registered bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal disinfectant labeled as effective against HBV and HIV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Handwashing is important for:

<p>Preventing the spread of infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The infection control procedure that kills certain pathogens (bacteria, viruses and fungi), with the exception of spores, on nonporous surfaces, is referred to as _____________.

<p>Disinfection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a basic personal protective equipment (PPE) for infection control?

<p>Biohazard waste container (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What regulatory agency enforces safety and health standards in the workplace, including infection control practices?

<p>Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe efforts to prevent the spread of communicable diseases?

<p>Infection control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of scrubbing to remove dirt, debris and potential pathogens to aid in slowing the growth of pathogens is the infection control practice of _________.

<p>Cleaning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the regulatory agency under the U.S. Department of Labor that enforces safety and health standards in the workplace?

<p>To ensure compliance with federal and state regulations on workplace safety and health. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in disinfecting large surfaces?

<p>Clean the surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of items cannot be disinfected and need to be discarded after each use?

<p>Porous items (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required when performing procedures that may expose to blood or body fluids?

<p>Disposable gloves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following precautions is necessary when handling disinfectants?

<p>Follow manufacturer’s instructions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is NOT commonly used for single-use gloves?

<p>Cotton (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to nonporous items after each use?

<p>Clean and then disinfect them (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should sharp objects be disposed of?

<p>In a designated sharps container (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic should disinfectants possess for effective use?

<p>Be registered with the EPA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disinfectant should be diluted to a 10% solution for effective use?

<p>Sodium Hypochlorite 5.25% Concentrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum contact time required for alcohol to act as a disinfectant?

<p>20 to 30 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide be changed?

<p>Every 14 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which product is known to be a cancer-causing chemical and should have an EPA-approved label?

<p>Phenolic Disinfectant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What precautions should be taken when disinfecting electrical equipment?

<p>Unplug electrical appliances before disinfecting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of disinfectant can disinfect within 10 minutes?

<p>Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for disinfecting nonporous tools and multi-use supplies?

<p>Store in humid areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical conditions should be avoided when storing Sodium Hypochlorite?

<p>Away from heat and light (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cleaning

Removal of dirt and pathogens using soap or chemicals, followed by rinsing.

Non-Critical Objects

Objects that come in contact with unbroken skin, requiring cleaning, not sterilization.

Sanitizers

Chemical agents that reduce pathogens on nonporous surfaces.

Antiseptics

Substances applied to skin to reduce pathogens, often referred to as waterless sanitizers.

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Effect of Cleaning

Does not kill pathogens but reduces their growth and organic matter.

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Scrubbing Requirement

Cleaning may involve scrubbing to loosen and remove pathogens effectively.

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Alcohol Percentage for Antiseptics

Antiseptics for skin should contain at least 70% alcohol.

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Limitations of Sanitizers

Sanitizers cannot replace handwashing or clean tools and equipment.

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Bloodborne pathogens

Infectious microorganisms in human blood that cause disease.

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OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

Regulation requiring effective disinfectants against HBV and HIV.

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EPA-registered disinfectant

Chemical products deemed effective by the EPA for disease control on nonporous surfaces.

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Types of disinfectants

Different forms of disinfectants including solutions, wipes, and sprays.

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Disinfectant solutions

Liquid forms used for nonporous tools and surfaces with varying dilutions.

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Contact time

The time a disinfectant must remain wet to effectively kill pathogens.

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Dilution instructions

Manufacturer’s guidelines for mixing disinfectant solutions appropriately.

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Hazard of disinfectants

Disinfectants can irritate the skin if not handled properly.

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Disinfecting large surfaces

Cleans surface and applies disinfectant, moist for labeled time.

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Single-use items

Porous items that cannot be disinfected and are discarded after use.

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Multi-use items

Nonporous items that can be reused after cleaning and disinfection.

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Tools in contact with clients

Must be either discarded or disinfected after each use.

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Single-use gloves

Required during procedures with blood or body fluids; common types include latex, nitrile, vinyl.

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Handling disinfectants safely

Follow instructions for storage, use, mixing, and disposal of disinfectants.

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Contact time for disinfectants

The time a surface must remain moist with disinfectant as per the label.

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Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

Disinfectants known as 'Quats', effective in 10 minutes.

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Sodium Hypochlorite

Bleach that requires EPA registration and at least 5% concentration.

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Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide

Nontoxic disinfectant available in various forms, changed every 14 days.

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Phenolic Disinfectant

Tuberculocidal disinfectant known to be cancer-causing; EPA label required.

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Alcohol Disinfectant

Requires 20-30 minutes of contact time, making it a poor choice.

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Disinfect Nonporous Tools

Essential to disinfect nonporous tools and multi-use supplies after each use.

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Electrical Equipment Disinfection

Unplug and use EPA-registered disinfectants for safety.

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Large Surfaces Disinfection

Ensure thorough cleaning of large surfaces like workstations.

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Sterilization

Process that kills all pathogens, including bacterial spores, using heat, steam, or chemicals.

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Disinfection

Reduces certain bacteria, viruses, and fungi (not spores) on nonporous items using EPA-registered products.

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PPE

Personal protective equipment to prevent exposure during infection control procedures.

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Infection Control Procedures

General practices including handwashing and PPE to prevent infection spread.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Gear such as gloves, masks, and aprons worn to protect from infection.

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Basic Handwashing

Process of washing hands to remove dirt and pathogens; essential for infection control.

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Aseptic Procedure

Methods used to prevent contamination by pathogens during medical procedures.

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Disinfection with Spray and Wipes

Using chemical agents in spray or wipe form to kill or reduce pathogens on surfaces.

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Sterilization using an Autoclave

A process that uses high pressure and steam to kill all forms of microbial life.

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Blood Exposure Incident

Event involving potential contact with blood that requires immediate infection control measures.

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Cleaning and Disinfecting Nonelectrical Tools

Process to clean and disinfect tools that do not use electricity, often through immersion.

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Study Notes

Infection Control

  • This lesson focuses on cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, and infection control procedures.
  • Infection Control is a term used to describe efforts to prevent the spread of communicable diseases.
  • Cleaning removes dirt, debris, and potential pathogens to slow pathogen growth.
  • Disinfection kills some pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, but not spores).
  • Sterilization kills all microbial life, including spores.
  • Ventilation guidelines include maintaining an average room temperature of approximately 70°F and using a powerful fan unit to remove chemical vapors.
  • Cleaning guidelines cover the use of soap, detergent, or chemical cleaners, followed by a clean water rinse, for both porous and nonporous surfaces that do not contact broken skin.
  • Essential practices for estheticians include washing hands with soap and warm water before and after each service, laundering client gowns and headbands before reusing them, and using trash containers with solid sides, lids, and liners.
  • Additional cleaning procedures are listed on pages 17-18 of the Infection Control lesson.
  • Disinfectants, like quaternary ammonium compounds ("Quats") and sodium hypochlorite 5.25% concentrate (bleach), are used to disinfect nonporous tools, work surfaces, and floors.
  • Disinfecting wipes or sprays can also be used on these surfaces.
  • When working with disinfectants, use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and follow the manufacturer's instructions/ safety precautions.
  • Tools should be thoroughly cleaned before immersing in a disinfectant solution. Follow manufacturer's guidelines for contact times.
  • Sterilization procedures are for use on critical-use tools that must be disposed in a puncture-proof container or sterilized.
  • Methods include heat, steam or chemical sterilants (e.g. using an autoclave).
  • Important to prevent cross-contamination by using aseptic procedures and proper handling.
  • When using disinfectants, remember to ensure proper storage, labeling, and follow manufacturer's instructions for mixing, use, and disposal of disinfectants.
  • Proper handling procedures include using tongs, gloves, or baskets for removing items from the disinfectant solution, and immediate handwashing afterward to prevent contamination. Avoid inhaling or spilling the disinfectant, and keep the disinfectant solutions cool and dry.
  • When working with disinfectants, always wear protective gear.
  • Follow manufacturer instructions for proper mixing, using, and disposal of disinfectants, including disposal of sharp objects.
  • Sterilization is the most effective level of infection control.

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