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Questions and Answers
Which of the following infections requires airborne precautions?
Which of the following infections requires airborne precautions?
A single patient room is not preferred for patients on droplet precautions.
A single patient room is not preferred for patients on droplet precautions.
False
What should a patient on droplet precautions do if transported outside their room?
What should a patient on droplet precautions do if transported outside their room?
Wear a mask if tolerated and follow respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette.
Proper hand hygiene should be performed after contact with __________.
Proper hand hygiene should be performed after contact with __________.
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Match the following precautions with their corresponding practices:
Match the following precautions with their corresponding practices:
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What does asepsis refer to?
What does asepsis refer to?
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Medical asepsis is aimed at preventing infection during surgery.
Medical asepsis is aimed at preventing infection during surgery.
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What are the five moments of hand hygiene?
What are the five moments of hand hygiene?
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An individual who transmits an infection between different pathogenic organisms is known as a _____ infection.
An individual who transmits an infection between different pathogenic organisms is known as a _____ infection.
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Match the terms with their definitions:
Match the terms with their definitions:
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Which of the following is an essential component of maintaining medical asepsis?
Which of the following is an essential component of maintaining medical asepsis?
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Surgical asepsis is aimed at creating a sterile field in healthcare settings.
Surgical asepsis is aimed at creating a sterile field in healthcare settings.
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Define acquired immunity.
Define acquired immunity.
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What is considered a nosocomial infection?
What is considered a nosocomial infection?
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Isolation involves separating infected persons from non-infected persons.
Isolation involves separating infected persons from non-infected persons.
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Name one essential component of maintaining medical asepsis.
Name one essential component of maintaining medical asepsis.
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The process of destroying all microorganisms, including their spores, is called __________.
The process of destroying all microorganisms, including their spores, is called __________.
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Match the term with its correct definition:
Match the term with its correct definition:
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Which of the following is NOT part of the 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene?
Which of the following is NOT part of the 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene?
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Sterile objects can touch non-sterile objects without contamination.
Sterile objects can touch non-sterile objects without contamination.
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What technique is referred to as 'sterile technique'?
What technique is referred to as 'sterile technique'?
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Microorganisms are located everywhere, including in the __________.
Microorganisms are located everywhere, including in the __________.
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Which of the following actions helps prevent the spread of microorganisms?
Which of the following actions helps prevent the spread of microorganisms?
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What is the primary purpose of standard precautions in healthcare settings?
What is the primary purpose of standard precautions in healthcare settings?
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Wearing gloves is only necessary when handling blood.
Wearing gloves is only necessary when handling blood.
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What items are included in personal protective equipment (PPE)?
What items are included in personal protective equipment (PPE)?
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Standard precautions are practices aimed at preventing transmission of diseases through contact with _____, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes.
Standard precautions are practices aimed at preventing transmission of diseases through contact with _____, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes.
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Which of the following conditions requires contact precautions?
Which of the following conditions requires contact precautions?
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PPE should be removed before washing hands.
PPE should be removed before washing hands.
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What should be worn if there is a chance of blood or body fluids splashing on the face?
What should be worn if there is a chance of blood or body fluids splashing on the face?
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Infection control practices aim to prevent transmission of diseases acquired by contact with a person's skin, mucous membranes, _____, and urine.
Infection control practices aim to prevent transmission of diseases acquired by contact with a person's skin, mucous membranes, _____, and urine.
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Match the type of precaution with its definition:
Match the type of precaution with its definition:
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Which example illustrates the need for droplet precautions?
Which example illustrates the need for droplet precautions?
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Study Notes
Asepsis
- Asepsis is the absence of disease-causing microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
- Asepsis practices prevent infection, frequently used in surgery and medicine.
Learning Outcomes
- Define asepsis
- Describe medical terminology related to asepsis
- Define medical asepsis
- Explain the methods of microorganism spread
- Explain components of maintaining medical asepsis
- Define surgical asepsis
- Describe the principles of surgical asepsis
- Explain the five moments for hand hygiene
- Describe standard infection control in healthcare
- Discuss standard precautions and personal protective equipment (PPE)
- Perform surgical asepsis handwashing, gloving, and gowning efficiently
Introduction
- Asepsis refers to both the state of being free from disease-causing microorganisms and the practices used to achieve that state, especially in surgical fields.
- Microorganisms are present in the air, water, food, and clothing.
Terminology
- Acquired immunity: The body's natural or artificially induced defense mechanism against infection through antibodies
- Antibodies/immunoglobulin: Proteins produced by the body to combat infection
- Antigen: A substance that triggers an immune response
- Antiseptic: A substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms
- Cross infection: Transmission of an infection between different people
- Carrier: A person carrying an infection without showing symptoms
- Droplet infection: Transmission through expelled saliva or mucus particles
- Soiled/contaminated: Containing microorganisms that might cause disease
Further Concepts
- Sepsis: A state of infection
- Nosocomial infection: An infection acquired during a hospital stay
- Isolation: Separating infected people from healthy individuals to prevent transmission
- Sterilization: Eliminating all microorganisms, including spores
Medical Asepsis
- Asepsis in daily medical practice, focusing on cleanliness
- Includes routines to avoid the spread of infectious diseases.
- The goal is to keep the environment free of spreadable organisms.
- Prevents spread of germs by keeping surfaces and equipment clean.
Spread of Microorganisms
- Touching someone who has an infection
- Sneezing and coughing, directly and indirectly
- Handling contaminated food, water or medication.
Essential Components of Maintaining Medical Asepsis
- Handwashing
- Using gloves, gowns, and masks (as necessary)
- Cleaning and disinfecting equipment
- Handling linens to avoid spreading germs
- Washing hands when visibly contaminated
Surgical Asepsis
- The more stringent practice of asepsis, critical for surgery.
- Sterile technique is used to prevent infections in surgical procedures.
- Only sterilized instruments can touch other sterilized items
- Prevents contamination from the surrounding environment.
5 Moments for Hand Hygiene
- Before touching a patient
- Before clean/aseptic procedures
- After body fluid exposure/risk
- After touching a patient
- After touching patient surroundings
Standard Precautions
- Practices to reduce bloodborne and other pathogen transmission
- Applies to everyone interacting with healthcare settings.
- Necessary to prevent contamination by blood, body fluids, skin abrasions (rashes), and mucous membranes.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Items (gloves, gowns, masks, respirators, eyewear) to protect individuals from infectious agents.
- PPE should be removed and hands washed immediately after use.
- Proper order of removal critical to avoid contamination
Infection Control - Contact Precautions
- Precautions for patients with infections that spread through contact with bodily fluids, surfaces or secretions.
- Wear a gown and gloves upon room entry
- Use single-use or dedicated non-critical care equipment.
Infection Control - Droplet Precautions
- Precautions for infections spread through respiratory droplets.
- Wear a mask upon room entry; and maintain space from others for greater safety
- Use single-patient room or arrange appropriate distancing, if not available.
Cough Etiquette
- Cover mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, dispose tissue in appropriate receptacle
- Perform hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions
- Healthcare facilities should provide tissues and proper receptacles for disposal.
- Alcohol-based hand rub, or soap and water, are essential
Airborne Precautions
- Precautions for infections spread through air.
- Wear a respirator or appropriate mask
- Isolate patients in Airborne Infection Isolation (AII) rooms
- Facilities lack AII rooms should use alternative methods
Handwashing
- Detailed steps for thorough hand hygiene
- Important to wash hands using correct techniques to maintain asepsis
- Includes precise rinsing sequence and proper use of supplies such as soap and water
Handrub
- Use of alcohol-based handrub
- Steps for effective handrub application
Putting on a Surgical Gown
- Detailed steps for donning a surgical gown to maintain sterility.
Sterile Gloves Application
- Steps for correctly putting on sterile gloves
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Description
Test your knowledge on infection control precautions, specifically focusing on airborne and droplet precautions. Understand the importance of proper practices during patient transport and hand hygiene. This quiz will help reinforce essential guidelines for healthcare settings.
