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What are contact precautions?
What are contact precautions?
- Precautions to prevent infections spread by contact with skin or body fluids. (correct)
- Precautions taken during surgery.
- Precautions for handling food.
- Precautions involving only hand hygiene.
List infections that require contact precautions.
List infections that require contact precautions.
Salmonella, scabies, shigella, pressure ulcers.
What additional actions should nurses take for patients on contact precautions?
What additional actions should nurses take for patients on contact precautions?
- No additional actions are necessary.
- Wear a gown and gloves upon room entry. (correct)
- Wear a surgical mask.
- Only use disposable equipment.
When are special contact precautions needed?
When are special contact precautions needed?
What are droplet precautions used for?
What are droplet precautions used for?
Name some infections that require droplet precautions.
Name some infections that require droplet precautions.
What must be done when entering the room of a patient on droplet precautions?
What must be done when entering the room of a patient on droplet precautions?
What are airborne precautions used for?
What are airborne precautions used for?
List infections that require airborne precautions.
List infections that require airborne precautions.
What should be worn prior to entering the room of a patient on airborne precautions?
What should be worn prior to entering the room of a patient on airborne precautions?
What is the proper order for donning Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
What is the proper order for donning Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
What is the correct order for removing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
What is the correct order for removing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
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Study Notes
Contact Precautions
- Implemented for infections spread by direct contact with skin, mucous membranes, or bodily fluids.
- Requires isolation of patients with infections like salmonella, scabies, shigella, and pressure ulcers.
- Measures include wearing gowns and gloves upon patient entry and using dedicated noncritical care equipment.
Special Contact Precautions
- Necessary for organisms with spores (e.g., Clostridium difficile) and ongoing transmission diseases (e.g., Norovirus).
- Emphasize thorough hand hygiene with soap and water and environmental cleaning using bleach solutions.
Droplet Precautions
- Used for infections transmitted through respiratory or mucous membrane contact with respiratory secretions.
- Conditions include influenza, Neisseria meningitidis (a meningitis causative agent), pertussis (whooping cough), and rhinovirus (common cold).
- Masks should be worn prior to entering the patient's room, preferably in single patient rooms to avoid cross-contamination.
Airborne Precautions
- Required for diseases that can travel long distances when airborne, necessitating special respiratory protection and ventilation.
- Infections include chickenpox, measles, and tuberculosis.
- Patients should be placed in airborne infection isolation rooms (AII), designed with specific ventilation to prevent cross-contamination.
Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AII)
- Features negative pressure ventilation; shares no air with general hospital systems.
- Must vent air outside at least three to six feet above the highest roofline to dilute pathogens.
- Air exchange rate should be 6-12 times per hour for effective ventilation.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Donning and Doffing
- Don PPE before entering the patient’s room: gown, mask, goggles, and gloves.
- Doffing should occur inside the room, except for the mask, to prevent inhaling pathogens.
- Sequence for removing PPE: gloves, goggles, gown, mask.
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