72 Questions
Which term refers to the practice of making the environment and objects free of microorganisms?
Medical asepsis
What is the primary method of transmission for infections?
Direct transmission
What is the term for an infection that is in one specific area of the body?
Localized infection
What is the term for an infection that spreads to other organs via the bloodstream?
Systemic infection
What is the term for an infection that is present and multiplying in the blood?
Septicemia
What is the term for an infection acquired while being cared for in any healthcare setting?
Healthcare-associated infection
What are the risk factors for healthcare workers' exposure to bloodborne pathogens?
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT considered personal protective equipment (PPE) for healthcare providers?
Uniforms
What is the recommended sequence for removing personal protective equipment (PPE)?
Remove gloves first, then gown, then mask
How should a healthcare provider handle eye wear when removing PPE?
By the arm
What should be done with soiled/contaminated linen?
Placed in a double bag
What type of precautions are used to control the spread of highly transmissible infectious diseases?
Airborne precautions
Which of the following is NOT an example of a disease that requires airborne precautions?
Meningitis
What is the purpose of negative-pressure airflow in a private room for a patient with airborne precautions?
To prevent transmission of pathogens through air currents
According to the CDC guidelines, standard precautions apply to which of the following?
All of the above
What is the purpose of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)?
To develop and enforce workplace safety and health standards
What should be done in the event of exposure to potentially contaminated material or blood?
All of the above
When should gloves be worn?
When hands may come in contact with blood or other potentially infectious material
What should be done with contaminated, torn, or punctured gloves?
Replace them as soon as possible
What is the correct way to wash hands?
Wash at least 1 inch above any area of contamination
When should hand sanitizers be used?
Only when soap and water are not available
Which type of mask is recommended for those entering a room to protect against airborne pathogens?
N95 respirator mask
What is the purpose of negative pressure rooms in healthcare settings?
To trap and contain harmful particles in the room
Which precautions are used to prevent the transmission of pathogens transmitted by larger droplets?
Droplet precautions
What is the size range of droplets that are blocked by droplet precautions?
1-5 microns
Which type of precautions are used to protect clients who have neutropenia, leukopenia, or are immunocompromised?
Protective precautions
What is the recommended room type for clients who require protective precautions?
Private room
Which type of precautions are used to prevent transmission through direct or indirect contact between a susceptible host and an infected person?
Contact precautions
Which of the following is an example of a pathogen that can be transmitted through droplet precautions?
Herpes simplex
Why are flowers and fresh fruit not allowed in the room of a client who requires protective precautions?
They may harbor potentially harmful microorganisms
Which of the following is NOT included in standard precautions?
Sweat
What is the recommended action after exposure to potentially contaminated material or blood?
Consult a doctor
When should gloves be changed?
Between each task
What is the correct way to wash hands?
Wash to the wrists
When are hand sanitizers not as effective?
When hands are visibly dirty
What is the purpose of negative pressure rooms in healthcare settings?
To prevent the spread of airborne pathogens
Which type of precautions are used to protect clients who have neutropenia, leukopenia, or are immunocompromised?
Protective precautions
Which of the following is the correct definition of medical asepsis?
The practice of preparing and handling materials in a way that prevents the client's exposure to microorganisms
What is the term for an infection caused by a second different pathogen?
Secondary infection
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for healthcare workers' exposure to bloodborne pathogens?
Wearing heavy or ornate jewelry
What is the term for an infection that spreads to other organs via the bloodstream?
Systemic infection
What is the term for an infection acquired while being cared for in any healthcare setting?
Healthcare-associated infection
What are the risk factors for healthcare workers' exposure to bloodborne pathogens?
Puncture wounds, breaks in the skin, and splashes of blood and body fluid
What is the term for the practice of making the environment and objects free of microorganisms?
Medical asepsis
Which type of precautions are used to protect clients who have neutropenia, leukopenia, or are immunocompromised?
Contact precautions
What is the recommended sequence for removing personal protective equipment (PPE)?
Remove the garments that are most contaminated first
What is the purpose of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)?
To enforce workplace safety regulations
What should be done in the event of exposure to potentially contaminated material or blood?
Report the exposure to a supervisor or designated person
Which type of precautions are used to prevent the transmission of pathogens transmitted by larger droplets?
Droplet precautions
Which of the following is NOT an example of a disease that requires airborne precautions?
Strep throat
What type of precautions are used to control the spread of highly transmissible infectious diseases?
Airborne precautions
What is the purpose of negative-pressure airflow in a private room for a patient with airborne precautions?
To remove airborne pathogens from the room
Which type of precautions are used to prevent transmission through direct or indirect contact between a susceptible host and an infected person?
Contact precautions
What is the term for an infection that spreads to other organs via the bloodstream?
Systemic infection
What is the recommended room type for clients who require protective precautions?
Isolation room
What are the risk factors for healthcare workers' exposure to bloodborne pathogens?
Lack of personal protective equipment (PPE)
What is the purpose of hand sanitizers?
To quickly reduce the number of germs on hands
What is the correct way to wash hands?
Wash hands for at least 20 seconds with soap and water
When should gloves be changed?
Gloves should be changed between each task
Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for healthcare workers' exposure to bloodborne pathogens?
Wearing heavy or ornate jewelry that interferes with hand hygiene
Which type of precautions are used to prevent the transmission of pathogens transmitted by larger droplets?
Droplet precautions
What is the term for an infection caused by a second different pathogen?
Secondary infection
Which of the following is NOT a precaution used to prevent the transmission of pathogens through droplets?
Using a negative pressure room
What is the primary method of transmission for pathogens that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air?
Inhalation of airborne particles
Which of the following is NOT an example of a disease that requires contact precautions?
Meningitis
What is the purpose of negative pressure rooms in healthcare settings?
To trap and contain harmful particles in the room
Which of the following is NOT a precaution used to protect clients who have neutropenia, leukopenia, or are immunocompromised?
Maintaining a distance of at least 6 feet
What is the term for an infection that is present and multiplying in the blood?
Bacteremia
Which of the following is NOT an example of personal protective equipment (PPE) used for contact with blood and body fluids?
Respirators
What is the recommended action after removing a contaminated gown?
Wash your hands
Which of the following is NOT considered personal protective equipment (PPE) for healthcare providers?
Uniforms
What is the term for an infection that spreads to other organs via the bloodstream?
Systemic infection
Study Notes
Medical and Surgical Asepsis: Key Points
- Medical asepsis is the practice of making the environment and objects free of microorganisms, while surgical asepsis involves strategies and practices to prevent the client's exposure to microorganisms.
- Sterile gloves should be used for procedures involving contact with normally sterile areas of the body.
- The chain of infection includes a causative agent, reservoir, portal of exit, method of transmission, and port of entry.
- Types of infections include primary, secondary, localized, systemic, septicemia, and healthcare-associated infections (HAI).
- Healthcare workers are at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens through puncture wounds, breaks in the skin, and mucous membranes.
- Protective precautions and infection control guidelines, such as standard precautions, handwashing, and use of personal protective equipment, help reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens.
- The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) develops and enforces standards for workplace safety and health.
- Post-exposure procedures for potential contamination include washing the area, notifying a supervisor, filing an incident report, consulting a doctor, and undergoing baseline blood tests and follow-up.
- Gloves should be worn when anticipating contact with blood or other potentially infectious material, non-intact skin, or during vascular access procedures.
- Handwashing is crucial to avoid cross-contamination and should be done correctly, including washing at least 1 inch above any area of contamination.
- Hand sanitizers with at least 60% alcohol can be used when soap and water are not available, but they may not be as effective for visibly dirty hands or removing harmful chemicals.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE) such as respirators, gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection are used to reduce the transfer of microorganisms between healthcare providers and clients. PPE should be donned and doffed properly.
Test your knowledge on protective precautions and infection control with this quick quiz! Learn about the essential personal protective equipment (PPE) needed to prevent the transmission of infectious microorganisms. Find out if you're familiar with the different types of PPE, including gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection. Take the quiz now and see how well you understand the importance of infection control measures.
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