18 Questions
To minimize the risk for cross contamination during suctioning with an open system, a fresh, sterile, single use ______ should be used on each patient.
catheter
Only sterile fluid should be used to remove secretions from the ______.
catheter
Ventilator circuits should not be changed routinely for infection control purpose. However, they should be changed when they are visibly soiled or ______.
malfunctioning
Nondisposable bag-mask devices should be sterilized or high level disinfected between ______.
patients
The exterior surface of any bag-mask device should be cleaned of visible debris and disinfected at least once a ______.
day
Humidifiers are not needed with ______.
flows
Critical items include surgical devices, intravascular catheters, and implants which require ______.
sterilization
Semi-critical items like respiratory equipment require high level ______ using chemical disinfectants.
disinfection
Noncritical items such as face masks and blood pressure cuffs require low to intermediate level ______.
disinfection
The first step in reprocessing medical equipment is ______ according to the manufacturer's instructions.
cleaning
Disinfection is a process that destroys the vegetative form of many or all pathogenic organisms except ______ on medical equipment.
spores
Equipment maintenance involves removing all dirt and organic material by ______.
washing
Use _____ water to fill bubble humidifiers.
sterile
Change HMEs according to _______'s recommendation and when observe evidence of gross contamination or mechanical dysfunction.
manufacturer
Between treatments on the same patient, clean, disinfect, rinse with ______ water and air dry.
sterile
Do not share small volume nebulizers between patients without performing sterilization or high-level disinfection on the units. Use only ______ fluids for nebulization.
sterile
When possible, use single-use medication ______; if using multidose vials.
vials
Proper reprocessing of reusable equipment. Application of single patient use disposable ______.
instruments
Study Notes
Disinfection and Sterilization
- The Spaulding Approach categorizes patient care equipment into three categories: Critical, Semi-Critical, and Noncritical Items
- Critical Items: Enter normally sterile tissue or the vascular system, requiring sterilization (e.g., surgical devices, intravascular catheters, dialysis components, implants)
Semi-Critical Items
- Come into contact with mucous membranes or nonintact skin, requiring high-level disinfection using chemical disinfectants
- Examples: oral, nasal, and tracheal airways, ventilator circuits/humidifiers, pulmonary function testing mouthpieces and tubing, nebulizers and their reservoirs, resuscitation bags, laryngoscope blades/stylets
Noncritical Items
- Come into contact with intact skin, requiring detergent washing and low to intermediate level disinfection
- Examples: face masks, blood pressure cuffs, ventilators
Cleaning and Disinfection
- Cleaning is the first step in reprocessing equipment, involving removal of dirt and organic material
- Disinfection destroys the vegetative form of many or all pathogenic organisms except spores on medical equipment or other inanimate objects
- Handle, dispense, and store disinfectants according to manufacturer's instructions and check expiration dates
Suction Systems
- Tracheal suctioning increases the risk for infection, but proper hand hygiene and gloving help minimize this risk
- Use a fresh, sterile, single-use catheter on each patient, and only use sterile fluid to remove secretions from the catheter
Oxygen Therapy Devices
- Ventilator circuits should not be changed routinely for infection control purposes, but should be changed when visibly soiled or malfunctioning
- Nondisposable bag-mask devices should be sterilized or high-level disinfected between patients
- Humidifiers should be sterilized or high-level disinfected, and tubing condensate should be drained away from the patient and discarded
Equipment-Handling Procedures
- Bag-Mask Devices: Clean and disinfect reusable equipment, use single-patient use disposable instruments, and maintain in-use equipment properly
- Nebulizers: Clean, disinfect, rinse with sterile water, and air dry between treatments on the same patient, and store in a manner that prevents contamination
Learn about best practices for handling, dispensing, and storing materials in suction systems and oxygen therapy devices. Understand the importance of proper hygiene, using fresh catheters, and sterile fluid to minimize the risk of infection. Ensure compliance with manufacturer's instructions and check expiration dates regularly.
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