Infection Control Exam 4

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step before disinfecting a surface?

  • Rinse the surface with water.
  • Spray disinfectant directly onto the surface.
  • Remove visible material like dirt or debris. (correct)
  • Wipe the surface with a dry towel.

Which method is the most effective way to destroy microorganisms?

  • Using alcohol-based sanitizers.
  • Wiping with a bleach solution.
  • Dry heat for 5 minutes.
  • Exposing to high moist heat for 15-20 minutes. (correct)

A nurse is caring for a client who requires isolation. Which of these actions should the nurse prioritize?

  • Only wear gloves when providing care.
  • Wear a protective gown and place the client in a private room. (correct)
  • Allow the client to share a room with another patient.
  • Keep the client's door open at all times.

A nurse is changing bed linens for a client who is on contact precautions. What PPE should the nurse wear?

<p>Gloves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key aspect in teaching a client about preventing needle stick injuries?

<p>Discard sharps in designated sharps containers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stage of infection?

<p>Nosocomial stage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is at the highest risk for a nosocominal infection?

<p>An 8-year-old cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection transmission is Hepatitis A acquired through contaminated food?

<p>Indirect contact (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse caring for a client who has contracted staphylococcus from a contaminated towel. How did the client acquire the infection?

<p>Indirect contact (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action demonstrates proper hand hygiene technique?

<p>Holding hands below the elbows when washing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a nurse wash their hands according to hand hygiene guidelines?

<p>Only when hands are visibly soiled (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action should a nurse AVOID when opening a sterile package?

<p>Placing the sterile package on a moist table top (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is teaching about cleaning equipment. Which of these is NOT a proper cleaning technique?

<p>Use the same cleaning cloth for multiple pieces of equipment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these infections is spread through airborne transmission?

<p>Tuberculosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When caring for a patient with adphisin stefaloacosis, what type of precaution is required?

<p>Contact precautions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mask should a nurse wear when caring for a patient with a known case of Rubella?

<p>Surgical mask (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate precaution for a patient with Clostridium difficile?

<p>Contact precautions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should the nurse take when caring for a patient on droplet precautions?

<p>Require the client to wear a mask when leaving the room (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client with a new diagnosis of Clostridium difficile is placed on contact precautions. What should the nurse do to prevent the spread of infection?

<p>Remove PPE before leaving the client's room. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mask is most appropriate for a nurse caring for a patient with tuberculosis (TB)?

<p>N95 respirator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client presents with sneezing, cough, fever, and headache that progressed over 4 days. What stage of infection is the client likely in?

<p>Illness stage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria requires oxygen to survive?

<p>Aerobic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a safety device on a needle?

<p>To prevent accidental needle sticks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from a mother to her fetus?

<p>Passive immunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the chain of infection?

<p>Portal of entry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a culture & sensitivity test?

<p>To determine the effectiveness of various antibiotics against a particular bacterial species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity is developed through vaccination?

<p>Artificial immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between clean technique and sterile technique?

<p>Clean technique involves the use of non-sterile instruments, whereas sterile technique uses only sterile instruments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate way to dispose of a used needle?

<p>Engage the safety device immediately after using a needle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

First step before disinfecting

Remove visible material from surfaces before disinfecting.

Effective method to destroy microorganisms

Expose to high moist heat for 15-20 minutes to effectively kill germs.

Protective action for nurses

Wear a protective gown and place the client in a private room for safety.

PPE for contact precautions

Nurse should wear gloves when changing linens for a client on contact precautions.

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Preventing needle stick injuries

Teaching clients about safety practices to avoid needle stick injuries.

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Safety device for needles

Engaging the safety device immediately after using a needle prevents injury.

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Acute illness stage

The stage of infection with severe symptoms and illness.

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Aerobic bacteria

Aerobic bacteria require oxygen to survive and grow.

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Nosocomial infections

Infections acquired while in a healthcare setting.

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Highest risk for nosocomial infection

8-year-old cancer patients are most vulnerable.

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Pathogen

A pathogen is a microorganism that can cause disease.

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Portal of entry (ingestion)

Infection transmission via contaminated food or drink.

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Culture & Sensitivity test

This test identifies which antibiotic is effective against a specific organism.

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Causative agent

The causative agent is the specific pathogen that causes a disease in the chain of infection.

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Indirect contact transmission

Infection spread through contaminated surfaces or objects.

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Passive immunity

Passive immunity is immunity passed from mother to fetus, typically through the placenta or breast milk.

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Proper hand hygiene technique

Hands should be held below elbows during washing.

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Artificial immunity

Artificial immunity is induced by vaccines or medical interventions.

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When to wash hands

Hands should be washed when visibly soiled.

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Avoid when opening sterile package

Do not place the package on a moist table top.

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Incorrect in surgical asepsis

Maintaining clean technique instead of sterile technique is incorrect in a surgical asepsis room.

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Contact Precautions

Precautions used to prevent transmission of infections through direct contact.

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Airborne Transmission

Spread of pathogens via airborne particles that remain infectious over long distances.

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Droplet Precautions

Measures taken to prevent the spread of pathogens in respiratory droplets.

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N95 Respirator

A specialized mask used to filter airborne particles.

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PPE Removal

The process of correctly taking off personal protective equipment to prevent contamination.

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Transmission Precautions

Infection prevention measures based on how infections spread.

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Symptoms of Infection

Common signs such as sneezing, cough, fever, and headache.

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Mask Requirement

The need for patients to wear a mask under certain precautions.

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Study Notes

Exam 4: Infection Control - Multiple Choice Questions

  • Transmission Precautions:
    • A nurse assisting a patient with adphisin stefaloacosis should use contact precautions.
    • Airborne transmission spreads infections like Influenza, Tuberculosis, and Varicella.
    • Droplet precautions require the patient to wear a mask when leaving the room.
    • Tuberculosis (TB) patients require N95 respirators.
    • Clostridium difficile patients require contact precautions, including removing PPE before leaving the room.

Stages of Infection

  • A client experiencing sneezing, coughing, fever, and headaches over 4 days is in the prodromal stage of infection.

Nosocomial Infections

  • Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are highest risk for an 8-year-old cancer patient.
  • Hepatitis A transmission occurs through ingestion of contaminated food, demonstrating portal of entry.
  • Indirect contact is the mode of transmission, when a nurse touches a contaminated towel transmitting stefaloacosis.

Hand Hygiene & PPE

  • Proper hand hygiene involves washing below the elbows.
  • Nurses must wash their hands when they are visibly soiled.
  • Removing PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) before leaving the room is a necessary precaution with contact precautions.
  • Gloves are necessary when changing linens for patients under contact precautions.

Cleaning & Disinfection

  • Cleaning equipment involves removing visible materials before disinfecting.
  • Effective disinfection requires exposing equipment to high moist heat for 15-20 minutes.

Protective Measures for Nurses

  • Nurses should place patients under droplet precautions in a private room, and wear a protective gown.

Microbiology & Pathogens

  • Aerobic bacteria need oxygen to thrive.
  • Pathogens cause disease.
  • Culture & Sensitivity tests determine which antibiotic effectively kills an organism.

Types of Immunity

  • Passive immunity occurs when immunity is passed from mother to fetus.
  • Artificial immunity, such as a Hepatitis B shot, creates immunity through medical procedures.

Surgical Asepsis

  • Maintaining clean technique instead of sterile technique is incorrect during surgical asepsis.
  • Using only sterile instruments is part of sterile technique.

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Infection Control Multiple Choice Questions PDF

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