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Questions and Answers
What are the types of transmission-based precautions?
What are the types of transmission-based precautions?
- Contact Precautions
- Droplet Precautions
- Airborne Precautions
- All of the above (correct)
What type of pathogen can be transmitted by droplet route?
What type of pathogen can be transmitted by droplet route?
- C. difficile
- Influenza (correct)
- Norovirus
- Tuberculosis
Hand hygiene must be performed after touching the patient and any contaminated objects.
Hand hygiene must be performed after touching the patient and any contaminated objects.
True (A)
What is the recommended spatial separation in multi-patient rooms?
What is the recommended spatial separation in multi-patient rooms?
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Name one pathogen that requires airborne precautions.
Name one pathogen that requires airborne precautions.
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Match the following precaution types with their descriptions:
Match the following precaution types with their descriptions:
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The recommended PPE when caring for patients under airborne precautions is a ______.
The recommended PPE when caring for patients under airborne precautions is a ______.
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What is the first step before removing PPE?
What is the first step before removing PPE?
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Study Notes
Definition of Transmission-Based Precautions
- Implemented in healthcare settings for patients suspected or known to be infected with significant pathogens.
Types of Transmission-Based Precautions
- Contact Precautions
- Droplet Precautions
- Airborne Precautions
Contact Precautions
- Indicated for patients with stool incontinence, draining wounds, uncontrolled secretions, pressure ulcers, MRSA, or generalized rash.
- Hand hygiene required before patient contact and prior to glove use.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE) includes gloves and gowns for substantial contact.
- Hand hygiene is crucial after PPE removal, especially with visibly soiled hands.
- Surroundings must be cleaned and disinfected regularly.
- Patients should ideally be in private rooms, or at least three feet apart in multi-patient settings.
- Minimize patient transport to reduce infection risk.
Droplet Precautions
- Necessary for patients with pathogens transmitted via droplets (>5 microns) such as respiratory viruses and during initial treatment for Neisseria meningitides.
- Preferably place in single-patient rooms; if unavailable, cohort patients with a spatial separation of 3 feet.
- Healthcare personnel must wear masks upon entering the patient's room.
- Patients should wear masks outside their room and comply with respiratory hygiene.
- Minimize patient transfer to reduce exposure risks.
Respiratory/Cough Etiquette
- Cover mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing.
- Dispose of tissues properly and perform hand hygiene afterwards.
Airborne Precautions
- Required for patients with pathogens that are transmitted via the airborne route, including tuberculosis, measles, and chickenpox.
- Place infected patients in airborne infection isolation rooms (AIIR).
- Healthcare workers must wear N-95 respirators before entering the room and remove them upon exiting.
- Gloves, gowns, and goggles or face shields are necessary if respiratory fluid spraying is expected.
- Hand hygiene is essential before and after patient contact and with contaminated materials.
- Advise patients to wear facemasks when leaving their room and practice respiratory hygiene.
- Allow the room to remain vacant for at least one hour after the patient exits for effective air circulation.
- Non-immune healthcare workers should avoid caring for patients with vaccine-preventable diseases.
- Perform thorough cleaning and disinfection of the room post-occupancy.
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