Infant Healthcare Visits Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one primary purpose of standard healthcare visits for infants during their first year?

To offer parental job assistance.

To perform surgical procedures.

To conduct adult health screenings.

To provide immunizations and health assessments. (correct)

At which infant healthcare visit is it most appropriate to discuss developmental changes with caregivers?

6-month visit.

2-week visit.

9-month visit.

12-month visit. (correct)

What type of guidance is provided during healthcare visits to help caregivers?

Legal advice for childcare contracts.

Anticipatory guidance for upcoming developmental changes. (correct)

Financial assistance for medical expenses.

Emergency response training.

Which resource can caregivers use to document their child's growth and developmental milestones?

Mobile applications designed for child tracking. Signup and view all the answers

What specific age range does the CDC development milestones app cater to?

2 months to 5 years. Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of touch for infants?

It promotes skin-to-skin contact. Signup and view all the answers

How do infants typically demonstrate their sense of taste?

By turning away or spitting out disliked tastes. Signup and view all the answers

At what age do infants begin to show a social smile in response to caregivers?

6 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of standardized growth charts for infants?

To plot growth patterns Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of an infant's environment should caregivers minimize to avoid irritation?

Strong cleaning compounds. Signup and view all the answers

Which action is recommended to minimize fussiness in an infant during a physical assessment?

Ensure a caregiver is present for comfort Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant milestone observed in a 3-month-old infant?

Smiling in response to caregivers. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to feed infants at their own pace?

To foster trust and cater to their needs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common nursing diagnosis associated with new parents?

Ineffective breastfeeding related to sore nipples Signup and view all the answers

What reaction do infants have to pleasant smells?

They smile and appear content. Signup and view all the answers

What should be prioritized in the assessment of an infant if the infant is initially quiet?

Assessing the respiratory and cardiac system Signup and view all the answers

How might infants with cognitive differences differ in their social smiling development?

They may not smile until much later. Signup and view all the answers

What type of outcomes should be established for infant care?

Individualized and realistic based on family circumstances Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing diagnosis relates to the adjustment challenges new parents face?

Knowledge deficiency related to typical infant development Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial for a successful comprehensive infant assessment?

Observing behavior and temperament prior to examination Signup and view all the answers

Which situation may increase parenting risk for the caregiver?

Recent hospitalization of the infant Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason children under about 5 years should not be given popcorn or peanuts?

They can pose a choking hazard. Signup and view all the answers

What feature should a pacifier have to ensure safety for infants?

A one-piece construction with a large flange. Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be taken when an infant is sleeping in a crib?

There should be no space between the mattress and headboard. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk related to leaving infants unattended on raised surfaces?

Infants can easily turn over and fall. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of infants in the study by Borg et al. (2020) studied were male?

63% Signup and view all the answers

In which location did the majority of burns occur according to the study?

Bathroom Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for caregivers to lower the mattress in a crib once the baby starts to turn over?

To increase the height of the side rails for safety. Signup and view all the answers

What was the average age of infants included in the sink-bathing injuries study?

9.2 months Signup and view all the answers

What should be provided to a birthing parent to enable them to supply expressed milk for their infant?

A breast pump and lactation support Signup and view all the answers

How should an infant be held if the parent is not available during feeding?

For a short time after or between feedings Signup and view all the answers

What method is recommended for securing a bandage during dressing changes?

Using stockinet or rolled gauze whenever possible Signup and view all the answers

What practice should be avoided when administering oral medicine to an infant?

Adding medicine to their feeding Signup and view all the answers

How should caregivers approach waking an infant who is sleeping?

Gently, to avoid frightening the infant Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to minimize an infant's discomfort due to diaper irritation?

Change diapers frequently Signup and view all the answers

What technique is recommended for comforting an infant after painful procedures?

Hold and rock them immediately Signup and view all the answers

During dressing changes, how can chilling be prevented?

By ensuring irrigation solutions are warm Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of routine in an infant's life?

It can provide a sense of security. Signup and view all the answers

Who should primarily provide care for an infant to help develop trust?

A core group of familiar individuals. Signup and view all the answers

Why might some caregivers resist the idea of routine for infants?

They are tired of their own work schedules. Signup and view all the answers

How can caregivers encourage interactions with infants who do not talk back?

By modelling positive interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of passively caring for infants?

It is similar to not being present with them. Signup and view all the answers

What nursing action can help an ill infant develop a sense of trust during hospitalization?

Providing privacy and support during breastfeeding. Signup and view all the answers

What should caregivers discuss with alternative caregivers to support an infant’s routine?

Methods to maintain the infant's current routine. Signup and view all the answers

How can caregivers ensure continuity of care for infants admitted to the hospital?

By listing care information in the infant’s electronic record. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nursing Care of a Family With an Infant

Healthy People 2030 goals related to high-risk newborns that nurses could help the nation achieve
Nursing diagnoses related to infant growth and development and associated parent/caregiver concerns
Expected outcomes to promote optimal infant growth and developmental needs as well as manage seamless transitions across differing healthcare settings
Expected outcomes for achievement and effectiveness of care
Typical infant growth and development and associated parental concerns
Assessing an infant for typical growth and development milestones
Nursing care plans including six competencies of QSEN: patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice (EBP), quality improvement (QI), safety, and informatics
Implementing nursing care related to growth and development of an infant (e.g., encouraging eye-hand coordination)
Integrating knowledge of infant growth and development with the interplay of the nursing process, the six competencies of QSEN, and family nursing to promote quality maternal and child health nursing care

Nursing Care Planning Based on 2030 National Health Goals

Increase the proportion of infants who are breastfed at 1 year from a baseline of 35.5% to a target of 54.1%
Reduce the rate of infant deaths related to congenital anomalies (congenital heart defects)
Increase the number of states where a child fatality team reviews sudden and unexpected infant deaths.
Reduce the rate of infant deaths from a baseline of 5.8 out of 1,000 live births to a target of 5.0 out of 1,000 live births.
Increase the proportion of infants who are put to sleep on their backs from a baseline of 78.7% to a target of 88.9%.

Nursing Care Planning Using Assessment

Follow midline at 3 months
Respiratory rate slows to 20-30 breaths per minute by end of year
Pincer grasp at 10 months
Social smile at 2 months; first tooth erupts at 6 months
Heart rate slows to 100-120 beats per minute by end of first year
Abdomen protuberant
Liver remains immature
Triples weight by 1 year
Legs may appear short and bowed
Grows in height by 50% (from 20 to 30 in.)

Nursing Diagnosis

Ineffective breastfeeding related to sore nipples
Sleep deprivation (parental) related to providing infant's care
Knowledge deficiency related to typical infant growth and development
Malnutrition risk, less than body requirements, related to infant's difficulty sucking
Health-seeking behaviors related to adjusting to parenthood
Growth and development delays related to lack of stimulating environment
Impaired parenting risk related to recent hospitalization of infant
Readiness for enhanced family coping related to increased financial support
Social isolation (parental) related to lack of adequate social support
Ineffective role performance related to new responsibilities within the family

Outcome Evaluation

Evaluate expected outcomes at each visit
Document progress in physical growth and development
Understand progress in social, language, and fine motor and gross motor skills
Range of expected achievement of developmental milestones and identified age when there is a delay in reaching those milestones
Consider relevant prenatal and natal history that may affect developmental milestones
Prematurity as an example of relevant natal history

Physical Growth (Infant)

Infants double their birth weight by 4-6 months and triple by 1 year.
Expected weight gain of 2 lb/month in first 6 months and 1 lb/month in next 6 months.
Average 1-year-old male weighs 10 kg (22 lb); female 9.5 kg (21 lb).
Infants increase in length by 50% during first year: from 20 in. to about 30 in (50.8-76.2 cm).

Body Proportion (Infant)

In general, the chest circumference is less than the head size at birth by nearly 2 cm.
Chest circumference is roughly equal to head circumference by 6-12 months old.
Abdomen remains protuberant until toddler period
Lower extremities tend to grow considerably following 6 months. This readies the child for walking and changes their appearance from "baby-like" to "toddler-like" characteristics.

Body Systems (Infant)

Heart rate slows from 110 to 160 bpm from infancy to 100 to 120 bpm in first year.
Pulse rate may slow with inhalation (sinus arrhythmia) but this aspect is less marked until preschool.
Blood pressure increases with efficacy of the heart (80/40 mmHg to 100/60 mmHg).
Infants are prone to develop physiologic anemia at 2-3 months.
Hemoglobin in infants changes from fetal to adult hemoglobin at 5-6 months.
Lung capacity increases but mucus production isn't as efficient, so upper respiratory infections are more common and severe.

Teeth (Infant)

First teeth (typically a central incisor) erupt approximately 6 months old, followed by a new tooth each month until all 20 deciduous (baby) teeth erupt over a period between ages 2 and 3.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the primary purposes and guidelines of standard healthcare visits for infants during their first year. It covers developmental changes, growth chart usage, and caregiver resources. Test your knowledge on essential milestones and best practices for infant care.