Infant Development 0-3 Months

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Questions and Answers

At what age does a child typically exhibit slight head lag when in a sitting position?

4 months (correct)

6 months

2 months

5 months

Which reflex disappears by 5 months of age as indicated in the content provided?

Stepping reflex (correct)

Sucking reflex

Palmar grasp reflex

Rooting reflex

What is a key development in the prone position for a 4-month-old infant?

Ability to roll over

Crawl forward

Sit without support

Lift their chest off the bed (correct)

What cognitive development occurs when an infant recognizes familiar objects at 4 months?

Object permanence Signup and view all the answers

What emotional response is shown by a 5-month-old when a toy is taken away?

Displeasure Signup and view all the answers

In which position can a 4-month-old control their head without any head lag?

Sitting position Signup and view all the answers

What ability does a 5-month-old develop in relation to objects?

Accepting objects offered to them Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'thumb opposition' refer to in the context of a 4-month-old's development?

Ability to hold thumb against the fingers Signup and view all the answers

At what age does a child typically start to sit with support?

6 months Signup and view all the answers

What motor skill is typically observed at 7 months of age?

Transferring objects from one hand to the other Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of a developmental delay in motor skills by 6 months?

Fisting beyond 5 months Signup and view all the answers

What reflex should be extinguished by the age of 6 months?

Tonic neck reflex Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicates a child is ready for bathtub toys at 6 months?

Can hold a spoon Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical vision skill observed by 6 months?

Recognizing familiar faces Signup and view all the answers

What typical hearing milestone is expected at around 6 months?

Turning head to locate sound Signup and view all the answers

What circular reaction is commonly established by 6 months?

Manipulating toys for pleasure Signup and view all the answers

At what age does a child typically begin to speak their first words such as 'mama' or 'papa'?

9 months Signup and view all the answers

At what age can infants typically lift and maintain their head during supported sitting?

3 months Signup and view all the answers

What is a key development milestone for an 8-month-old regarding their ability to sit?

They can sit steadily but lean forward. Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex is described by an infant extending their head and legs when suspended in a ventral position?

Landau Reflex Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviors is characteristic of a 10-month-old child?

Transferring toys from one hand to another. Signup and view all the answers

How do children typically engage with toys at 8 months?

They demonstrate sensitivity to toy textures. Signup and view all the answers

What developmental milestone is associated with increased social awareness in infants around 3 months?

Smiling to parents Signup and view all the answers

What is an expected action for a 9-month-old child in a prone position?

Creeping out from the prone position. Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is commonly seen in infants around 3 months when they are playing?

Handling small blocks or rattles Signup and view all the answers

What auditory skill is typically observed in infants at the age of 3 months?

Turning head to locate sounds Signup and view all the answers

At 9 months, what physical skill is developing significantly?

Advanced hand-eye coordination. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the primary circular reaction in infants around 3 months?

Exploration through grasping and mouthing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles does play have for an 8-month-old?

Transferring toys and self-talk. Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk associated with infants during the age of physiological anemia?

Deficient levels of amylase Signup and view all the answers

What position does a child typically achieve by 10 months that indicates readiness for standing?

Standing while holding onto low furniture. Signup and view all the answers

Which physical position can infants achieve to lift their head and shoulders around 3 months?

Prone position Signup and view all the answers

At what age is the immune system considered functional?

2 months Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex is demonstrated when a baby holds an object for a few seconds before dropping it?

Grasping reflex Signup and view all the answers

What capability is noted when a 2-month-old can differentiate between various types of cries?

Hearing skills Signup and view all the answers

What social response is typically observed in infants at around 2 months of age?

Smiling as a response to interaction Signup and view all the answers

Which position helps a baby raise their head but not above the chest?

Prone position Signup and view all the answers

What ability allows a 2-month-old to follow an object with their eyes?

Tracking ability Signup and view all the answers

What are infants able to identify within 1-2 hours of birth?

Familiar smells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the visual capability of a 2-month-old?

Can focus well on objects Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

2 Months

Physiological Anemia: common in this age
Immune System: Fully functional by 2 months
Ventral Suspension Position:
- Holds head in the same plane as the body
- Grasping reflex is fading
- Holds object for a few seconds before dropping it
Prone Position:
- Raises head, not above the chest
- Hands are held open
Sitting Position:
- Holds head steady
Standing Position:
- Holds head up with support
Language:
- Can differentiate between cries (hungry, wet, lonely)
Vision:
- Focuses well
- Follows objects with eyes
- (+) Binocular vision - the ability to fuse images into one
- (+) Social smile - responding to interaction
Hearing:
- Stops activity at the sound of spoken words
- Turns head to locate the sound

3 Months

Height: Trunk lengthens
Physiological Anemia: Prone to having this
Amylase: Deficient until this age
Ventral Suspension Position:
- Lifts and maintains head above the body
- Reaches for objects
Landau Reflex: (+) - Extends head, legs, and spine
Prone Position:
- Lifts head and shoulders
Sitting Position: N/A
Standing Position: N/A
Language:
- Squealing and laughing
- Responsiveness to nodding, smiling, or a friendly tone
Vision:
- Follows object midline
- Plays with their hands in front of them
Hearing: N/A
Play: N/A

4 Months

Weight: Doubles birth weight
Prone Position:
- Lifts chest off the bed and looks around actively
- Thumb opposition begins
- (+) Neck righting reflex - loses balance and turns sideways when lifting head up
Sitting Position:
- Can control head
- No head lag
Standing Position:
- Tries to support some of their weight
Language:
- Very talkative
Vision:
- Object permanence - recognizes familiar objects
Hearing:
- Turns and looks in the direction of the sound
Play:
- Needs a playpen or a sheet spread out for rolling over
- Shakes a rattle
- Palmar and Plantar grasp have disappeared

5 Months

Weight: N/A
Prone Position:
- Rests weight on forearms
- Can turn completely over
- Accepts objects offered to them
- Reaches and picks up objects that were not offered
Sitting Position:
- Straightens back
Standing Position:
- Supports weight with leg
- Stepping reflex faded
Language:
- Simple vowels
Vision:
- Able to have accuracy of reach for needed objects
Hearing:
- Localizes sound downward and to the side
Play:
- Ready for a variety of objects to handle
Motor Development Delay:
- Fisting beyond 5 months
Hemiparesis or Paralysis:
- Unilateral fisting

6 Months

Weight: N/A
Prone Position:
- Can hold objects in both hands
- Drops one toy when the second one is offered
- Can hold a spoon and starts to feed themselves
Sitting Position:
- Sits with support
- Moro, Palmar, and Tonik Neck reflexes are fading
Standing Position:
- Can support weight in a standing position
Language:
- Imitation
Vision:
- Recognizes themselves in a mirror
Hearing:
- Turning head above to locate the sound
Play:
- Can sit steadily enough
- Ready for bathtub toys
Neurological Disease:
- Presence of Moro reflex
- Moro reflex is (+)

7 Months

Weight: N/A
Prone Position: N/A
Sitting Position:
- Sits alone with hands held forward
- Transfers object from one hand to another
Standing Position:
- Bounces with enjoyment
Language:
- Imitates vowel sounds
Vision:
- Recognizes themselves in the mirror
Hearing: N/A
Play:
- Transferring toys
- Transfer toys from one hand to another
Secondary Circular Reaction
- Aware of the difference between people who regularly care for them and strangers
- Separation anxiety

8 Months

Weight: N/A
Prone Position: N/A
Sitting Position:
- Sits without additional support
- Can lean forward and regain their balance
Standing Position:
- Stands holding on to a low table
Language:
- Speaks their first word (mama, papa)
Vision: N/A
Hearing: N/A
Play:
- Random reaching and ineffective grasping
- Sensitive to toys with texture
- Advanced eye and hand coordination

9 Months

Weight: N/A
Prone Position:
- Creeps out from the prone position
Sitting Position:
- Sits steadily and can lean forward and regain their balance
Standing Position: N/A
Language:
- Speaks their first word (mama, papa)
Vision:
- N/A
Hearing: N/A
Play:
- Creeping out of the crib
- Toy searching

10 Months

Weight: N/A
Prone Position: N/A
Sitting Position: N/A
Standing Position:
- Can stand holding onto a low table
- Ability to bring objects to mouth
Language:
- N/A
Vision: N/A
Hearing: N/A
Play:
- N/A
Smell:
- Develops after 1-2 hours of birth
- Identifies the familiar smell of the breastfeed

Other

Motor Development Delay:
- Fisting beyond 5 months
Hemiparesis or Paralysis:
- Unilateral fisting
Primary Circular Reaction:
- Explores objects by grasping or mouthing them
- Unaware of their actions can create pleasurable sensations
- Knows how to manipulate objects
- Grasps the idea that actions can initiate pleasurable sensations

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Description

Explore the milestones and changes that occur in infant development from birth up to three months. This quiz covers aspects like physiological anemia, motor skills, language development, and sensory abilities. Test your knowledge about the early stages of a baby's growth and their significant developments.