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Questions and Answers
Water accounts for __________ to _________% of an infant's total weight.
Water accounts for __________ to _________% of an infant's total weight.
70 to 75%
What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant?
What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant?
100 to 105
What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy?
What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy?
#7, facial nerve
Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy.
Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy.
The man with BPH has a _________-stream of urine.
The man with BPH has a _________-stream of urine.
The most radical prostate surgery is the ____________ prostatectomy.
The most radical prostate surgery is the ____________ prostatectomy.
What is the acid ash diet designed to do?
What is the acid ash diet designed to do?
What drug is used to treat bladder spasm?
What drug is used to treat bladder spasm?
If you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would first __________.
If you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would first __________.
How often should the drainage bag be emptied?
How often should the drainage bag be emptied?
Name foods that make acid urine.
Name foods that make acid urine.
Increased intracranial pressure will _________ the pulse pressure.
Increased intracranial pressure will _________ the pulse pressure.
If a unit of blood is infused through a central line it must be__________.
If a unit of blood is infused through a central line it must be__________.
Which of the following are signs of transfusion reaction? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are signs of transfusion reaction? (Select all that apply)
What are the signs and symptoms of a hemolytic transfusion reaction?
What are the signs and symptoms of a hemolytic transfusion reaction?
What are the signs and symptoms of a febrile transfusion reaction?
What are the signs and symptoms of a febrile transfusion reaction?
What are the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction to a transfusion?
What are the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction to a transfusion?
When are hemolytic transfusion reactions likely to occur?
When are hemolytic transfusion reactions likely to occur?
When is a febrile reaction likely to occur?
When is a febrile reaction likely to occur?
What would you do if the client had an increasing temperature and was to get blood?
What would you do if the client had an increasing temperature and was to get blood?
How long should it take for one unit of blood to infuse?
How long should it take for one unit of blood to infuse?
What is the routine for vital sign measurement with a transfusion?
What is the routine for vital sign measurement with a transfusion?
Which two nutrients is breast milk lower in?
Which two nutrients is breast milk lower in?
What is another name for Buerger's disease?
What is another name for Buerger's disease?
Which extremities are affected by Buerger's disease?
Which extremities are affected by Buerger's disease?
The group with the highest incidence of Buerger's disease is __________.
The group with the highest incidence of Buerger's disease is __________.
Upon walking, the patient with Buerger's experiences _______ _________.
Upon walking, the patient with Buerger's experiences _______ _________.
What is the only IM given to a burn patient?
What is the only IM given to a burn patient?
In the emergent phase do you cover burns? (in the field)
In the emergent phase do you cover burns? (in the field)
How long does the fluid mobilization or diuretic phase of a burn last?
How long does the fluid mobilization or diuretic phase of a burn last?
Is there a higher or lower incidence of fetal death with Abruptio Placenta compared to Placenta Previa?
Is there a higher or lower incidence of fetal death with Abruptio Placenta compared to Placenta Previa?
Children at highest risk for seizure activity after ingestion are those who have swallowed _____________ and ______________.
Children at highest risk for seizure activity after ingestion are those who have swallowed _____________ and ______________.
Name three drugs given for acne.
Name three drugs given for acne.
Accutane (isotretinoin) is an analog of which vitamin?
Accutane (isotretinoin) is an analog of which vitamin?
What is the most common side effect of isotretinoin and what is most important in health teaching in administration?
What is the most common side effect of isotretinoin and what is most important in health teaching in administration?
What is the antibiotic most commonly given to clients with acne?
What is the antibiotic most commonly given to clients with acne?
How long will it take for the person to see results when acne is being treated?
How long will it take for the person to see results when acne is being treated?
What instructions do you give to a client taking tetracycline?
What instructions do you give to a client taking tetracycline?
The AIDS virus invades helper ____________.
The AIDS virus invades helper ____________.
HIV is present in all body fluids?
HIV is present in all body fluids?
What is the first test for HIV antibodies?
What is the first test for HIV antibodies?
What test confirms the ELISA?
What test confirms the ELISA?
A CD4 count of under __________ is associated with the onset of AIDS-related symptoms.
A CD4 count of under __________ is associated with the onset of AIDS-related symptoms.
A CD4 count of under _______ is associated with the onset of opportunistic infections.
A CD4 count of under _______ is associated with the onset of opportunistic infections.
Give six symptoms of HIV disease.
Give six symptoms of HIV disease.
Which two classes of drugs are given in combination for HIV sero-positivity?
Which two classes of drugs are given in combination for HIV sero-positivity?
What do NRTI's and PI's do?
What do NRTI's and PI's do?
What does the physician hope to achieve with NRTI's and PI's for HIV?
What does the physician hope to achieve with NRTI's and PI's for HIV?
What is the most common NRTI used?
What is the most common NRTI used?
What is the most challenging aspect of combination drug therapy for HIV disease?
What is the most challenging aspect of combination drug therapy for HIV disease?
What lab findings are present in AIDS?
What lab findings are present in AIDS?
What is the most important intervention in treating AGN?
What is the most important intervention in treating AGN?
What is the most common dietary restriction for AGN?
What is the most common dietary restriction for AGN?
What are the urinalysis findings in AGN?
What are the urinalysis findings in AGN?
How do you assess fluid excess in the child with AGN?
How do you assess fluid excess in the child with AGN?
What happens to the kidney in AGN?
What happens to the kidney in AGN?
What are the first signs of AGN?
What are the first signs of AGN?
What will prevent hip flexion contracture after AKA?
What will prevent hip flexion contracture after AKA?
How long should the stump be elevated to prevent post-op swelling?
How long should the stump be elevated to prevent post-op swelling?
How often should a stump be washed?
How often should a stump be washed?
When a stump is wrapped, the bandage should be tightest _____________ and loosest _____________.
When a stump is wrapped, the bandage should be tightest _____________ and loosest _____________.
What artery is widened in a thoracic aneurysm?
What artery is widened in a thoracic aneurysm?
An aneurysm can result from an _____________ and from ____________.
An aneurysm can result from an _____________ and from ____________.
An aneurysm will most affect which of the following, the blood pressure or the pulse?
An aneurysm will most affect which of the following, the blood pressure or the pulse?
What class of drugs is the client with an aneurysm most likely to be on?
What class of drugs is the client with an aneurysm most likely to be on?
Is there anything that can be done for the client with a ruptured aneurysm before they get to the operating room?
Is there anything that can be done for the client with a ruptured aneurysm before they get to the operating room?
The post-op abdominal aneurysm repair client is most likely to have which type of tube?
The post-op abdominal aneurysm repair client is most likely to have which type of tube?
Describe the pain of angina pectoris.
Describe the pain of angina pectoris.
What are the top 2 side effects of nitro?
What are the top 2 side effects of nitro?
The diagnosis is made when there is a weight loss of _______% or more of body weight.
The diagnosis is made when there is a weight loss of _______% or more of body weight.
The pulse rate of anorexics is tachycardic or bradycardic?
The pulse rate of anorexics is tachycardic or bradycardic?
What is the APGAR scale?
What is the APGAR scale?
Name the 5 criteria that are recorded on an APGAR scale.
Name the 5 criteria that are recorded on an APGAR scale.
On heart rate or cardiac status, a 2 means that the HR is above _______ BPM.
On heart rate or cardiac status, a 2 means that the HR is above _______ BPM.
In order to score a 0 on HR, the infant must have a rate of _________.
In order to score a 0 on HR, the infant must have a rate of _________.
A high score of 2 is given for respiratory effort if the newborn_____________.
A high score of 2 is given for respiratory effort if the newborn_____________.
An infant is given a score of 1 if their respirations are _______ or ________.
An infant is given a score of 1 if their respirations are _______ or ________.
An infant is given a score of 0 for respiratory effort if __________.
An infant is given a score of 0 for respiratory effort if __________.
In order to get a score of 2 on muscle tone, the infant must_________________.
In order to get a score of 2 on muscle tone, the infant must_________________.
To get a score of 1 on the APGAR for muscle tone, the newborn must place their extremities in _______________.
To get a score of 1 on the APGAR for muscle tone, the newborn must place their extremities in _______________.
A newborn receives a score of 0 on muscle tone when there is__________.
A newborn receives a score of 0 on muscle tone when there is__________.
To score the maximum of 2 points on neuromuscular reflex irritability, the infant must ______________.
To score the maximum of 2 points on neuromuscular reflex irritability, the infant must ______________.
If the neonate ____________, they will score a 1 on neuromuscular irritability.
If the neonate ____________, they will score a 1 on neuromuscular irritability.
To receive a 0 on reflex (neuromuscular) irritability, the neonate must exhibit _______.
To receive a 0 on reflex (neuromuscular) irritability, the neonate must exhibit _______.
To score a maximum score of 2 on color, the child must be __________.
To score a maximum score of 2 on color, the child must be __________.
If the child's _______ are ______ and the trunk-face abdomen are ________, the child scores 1 on color.
If the child's _______ are ______ and the trunk-face abdomen are ________, the child scores 1 on color.
To get a 0 on color, the infant is ____________.
To get a 0 on color, the infant is ____________.
What is acrocyanosis?
What is acrocyanosis?
Appendicitis occurs most in what age group?
Appendicitis occurs most in what age group?
What is the most common complication of appendicitis?
What is the most common complication of appendicitis?
What is the first sign of appendicitis?
What is the first sign of appendicitis?
What follows the RUQ abdominal pain of appendicitis?
What follows the RUQ abdominal pain of appendicitis?
Where does the pain of appendicitis finally end up?
Where does the pain of appendicitis finally end up?
What is the name of the RLQ abdominal pain where appendicitis pain finally localizes?
What is the name of the RLQ abdominal pain where appendicitis pain finally localizes?
What is present when rebound tenderness is present?
What is present when rebound tenderness is present?
What is the highest temperature reported in appendicitis?
What is the highest temperature reported in appendicitis?
What blood count is elevated in appendicitis?
What blood count is elevated in appendicitis?
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Study Notes
Infant Care
- Water constitutes 70 to 75% of an infant's total body weight.
- Ideal bathing temperature for infants is 100 to 105°F.
Neurological Conditions
- Bell's Palsy affects cranial nerve #7 (facial nerve).
- Effective interventions for Bell's Palsy include using dark glasses, artificial tears, and covering the eye at night.
Urinary Health
- In cases of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), urine may come out in a forked stream.
- The most radical surgery for prostate issues is a perineal prostatectomy.
Diet and Nutrition
- Acid Ash diet aims to lower urine pH, including foods like cheese, eggs, meat, fish, and cranberries.
- Foods that acidify urine include cranberry juice and apple juice; avoid citrus juices.
Transfusion Reactions
- Signs of transfusion reactions can include low back pain, fever, hives, and wheezing.
- Hemolytic transfusion reactions typically occur within the first 10 to 15 minutes.
- Essential procedures include measuring vital signs before, during, and after transfusions.
Pediatric Seizures
- Children are at higher seizure risk after ingesting drugs and insecticides.
Acne Treatment
- Common drugs for acne include Vitamin A, antibiotics, and retinoids.
- Isotretinoin (Accutane), an analog of Vitamin A, may cause lip inflammation and has birth defect risks.
- Tetracycline is a frequently prescribed antibiotic for acne.
HIV/AIDS
- HIV targets T-lymphocytes (CD4 cells) and is present in blood, semen, and breast milk.
- The initial HIV antibody test is ELISA; confirmation is through Western Blot.
- A CD4 count of under 200 indicates risk for opportunistic infections.
Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN)
- Critical intervention for AGN includes bed rest; sodium and fluid restrictions may be necessary.
- Urinalysis findings typically show hematuria and significant protein levels.
Amputation Care
- After an above-knee amputation (AKA), patients should lie prone to prevent hip flexion contractures.
- The stump should be elevated for 12-24 hours post-operatively and washed daily.
Aneurysms
- The aorta is the primary artery involved in thoracic aneurysms, often managed with antihypertensive medications.
Angina Pectoris
- Describes as crushing substernal chest pain potentially radiating to other areas.
- Nitro may cause headaches and hypotension as common side effects.
Newborn Assessment
- The APGAR scale assesses newborns based on appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration.
- A score of 2 requires vigorous crying, while a score of 0 indicates no breathing or limp muscle tone.
Appendicitis
- Most prevalent in ages 15 to 35, appendicitis commonly leads to peritonitis.
- Initial symptom includes right upper quadrant pain, later moving to the right lower quadrant at McBurney's point.
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