Infancy Development and Nutrition

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Questions and Answers

What is the age range when an infant typically develops the skill of walking alone?

7-8 months

11-12 months

10-11 months

11 months, 3 weeks (correct)

What is the name of the disease caused by an unbalanced diet very low in protein?

Malnutrition syndrome

Protein deficiency disease

Kwashiorkor (correct)

Marasmus

At what age do infants typically grasp a cube?

3 months

2 months

4 months

3 months, 3 weeks (correct)

What is the name of the disease caused by a diet low in all essential nutrients?

Marasmus Signup and view all the answers

How do infants learn about the world, according to social referencing?

By seeing adults react to different events Signup and view all the answers

What is the age when an infant typically shows emotional resonance by expressing the same emotion in response?

At birth Signup and view all the answers

At what age is attachment between the infant and their mother typically formed?

6 to 8 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is temperament primarily concerned with?

The quality of emotional reactions and attention Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of infants are classified as 'easy children'?

40% Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of 'difficult children'?

They are slow to accept new experiences and react negatively Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of infants do not fit into the three temperament categories?

35% Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of the 'slow to warm up' child?

They are inactive, show mild reactions and are negative in mood Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication of an infant's understanding of the concept of self?

They touch their nose when they see a mirror image of themselves with red lipstick on their nose Signup and view all the answers

What is attachment in the context of child development?

A strong affectional/emotional tie with special people Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children typically show an understanding of the concept of self?

15 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why infants react to figures who are soft and warm?

They need comfort and security Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of children's emotional expression during language acquisition?

They are very bad at hiding their feelings Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a child seeing their image in the mirror and touching their nose and not the nose in the image?

They understand the concept of self Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Infancy Development

Motor Development

At 6 weeks, infants can hold their head erect and steady when held upright
By 2 months, they can lift themselves by their arms when prone
Infants can roll from side to back at 2 months and from back to side at 4 ½ weeks
They can grasp a cube at 3 months, 3 weeks, and sit alone at 7 months
Crawling begins at 7 months, and infants can pull themselves to stand at 8 months
They can play pat-a-cake at 9 months, 3 weeks, and stand alone at 11 months
Walking alone begins at 11 months, 3 weeks, and building a tower of two cubes at 11 months, 3 weeks
Scribbling vigorously starts at 14 months, and walking up stairs with help at 16 months
Jumping in one place begins at 23 months, 2 weeks, and walking on tiptoes at 25 months

Emotional Development

Infants exhibit a range of emotional expressions at birth, which are likely innate
They perceive facial expressions of emotion and show emotional resonance by responding with the same emotion
Infants learn about the world through social referencing, observing adults' reactions to events
They show signs of complex emotions like jealousy, coyness, self-awareness, pride, and shame
Emotional awareness is evident in parent-infant interactions, where infants display distress when their parent's reaction is unexpected

Attachment

Attachment between infant and mother forms between 6-8 weeks, leading to separation anxiety when the mother is absent
The mother serves as a secure base for exploring the world
Attachment is a strong affectional/emotional tie that leads to pleasure, joy, and comfort in the presence of the caregiver

Temperament

Temperament refers to stable individual differences in emotional reaction, activity level, attention, and emotional self-regulation
It is apparent at birth and contributes to debates about the genetic basis of personality
There are three types of temperament: easy (40%), difficult (10%), and slow to warm up (15%)

Language Development

Infants show an understanding of the concept of self by 15 months, as evidenced by their response to a mirror image with lipstick on their nose
Children become more emotionally expressive with language acquisition
They are poor at hiding their feelings, and their emotional expressiveness increases with language development

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Description

This quiz covers various aspects of infant development, including motor, sensory, language, and physical development, as well as nutrition and related diseases. Topics include breast milk vs formula, dietary requirements, and diseases caused by infant diets, such as marasmus and kwashiorkor.