Inequality and Gender Issues Quiz

Korean literature shifted from traditional Choson dynasty styles to reflect modern society and individual perceptions, influenced by the 20th century socio-political transformation and resistance to modernization efforts.

A key figure in the development of modern Korean literature, known for his novels like "The Heartless," which explored the tensions between traditional and modern values, and advocated for modernization.

Japan's annexation of Korea in 1910 led to an oppressive colonial system, triggering resistance movements like the March 1st Independent Movement, reflected in Korean literature and education emphasizing cultural nationalism.

Korean literature, particularly novels and poetry, became a crucial tool for expressing dissent against Japanese colonial rule, preserving and expressing Korean identity at times when the colonial government tried to suppress it.

The Japanese colonial government intensified their control, suppressing Korean language and culture, including imposing Japanese surnames.

Modern Korean literature developed new narrative techniques, shifting from traditional styles to focus on the intricacies of human experiences, social conflicts, and a unique perspective on reality.

A Korean novelist who emphasized the artistic autonomy of literature, contrasting with those who viewed literature primarily as a tool to teach lessons.

A Korean poet who explored themes of yearning, loss, and national sorrow, using natural imagery and vernacular folksong elements in poems like "Azaleas".

A poet and Buddhist monk whose work combined Buddhist meditations with Korean independence struggles, exploring themes of love, loss, and silence in his poetry, such as "The Silence of Love."

A shift towards realist fiction depicting everyday lives and societal conflicts under colonial domination emerged, with authors focused on exposing societal issues through characterization and detailed descriptions of daily life.

A realist Korean author whose detailed characterization and descriptions of everyday life in rural settings influenced a distinctive approach to storytelling in Korean literature.

A Korean satirist who exposed contradictions and greed in Korean society during the colonial era through literary critiques, as seen in 'Peace under Heaven' and 'Nurky Water'.

Pak Mog-wŏl's early poetry is characterized by self-discipline, existential themes, and symbolic imagery (like rocks and trees), expressing a strong human spirit.

His poetry blends masculine strength with sorrow and longing, reflecting Korea's challenging history and his ethical struggles.

These poems explore the Korean War, political turmoil, and moral concepts through lyrical reflections.

In "Flag", the flag represents an ideal world and state, unattainable in reality.

Pak Mog-wŏl incorporated Korean folk song rhythms and celebrated Korean nature and traditions in his poetry.

Korean War deeply impacted 1950s literature, focusing on immediate trauma and suffering, rather than broader historical or existential issues.

Later Korean writers expanded from immediate reactions to explore themes like existentialism, ideology critiques, and human consciousness after the war.

Park Chung-hee's military dictatorship, suppressing freedoms, implemented in 1972.

Rapid industrialization, known as the "miracle on the Han River," transformed South Korea in the 1970s.

Rapid industrialization brought growing gap between rich and poor, environmental damage, and labor issues.

Violent suppression of a pro-democracy uprising in 1980, amplifying demands for democratization.

Constitutional changes and democratic elections in the late 1980s paved the path to democratic rule in South Korea.

Buddhism became Korea's largest religion in the 1980s after facing earlier challenges, demonstrating its continued presence in the region.

Protestantism gained an advantage over Catholicism and Buddhism in the 20th century due to extensive missionary efforts and a larger presence.

Christianity's impact on Korean religion included emphasizing doctrine, exclusivity, congregational participation, and proselytizing, altering religious practices.

Korean religious affiliation grew from 4% in 1940 to a majority by the mid-1990s, influenced by Christian proselytizing efforts.

The number of worship spaces, particularly Protestant churches and Buddhist temples, increased significantly from the 1960s to 2011 due to growing religious participation.

The number of religious leaders rose from 1962 to 2011, reflecting the overall growth of religious institutions and practices.

The growth of churches, temples and clergy contributed to an increase in religious affiliation, with the visibility of religious places potentially attracting new members.

Korea's shift from a rural society to an urbanized one (growing from 28% urban in 1960 to over 81% by 2005) led people to seek new communities and guidance outside traditional village structures.

Protestants maintained their religious leadership in the 1960s-70s, with a growing number of worship spaces and religious leaders.

Modern filmmakers who are changing the industry by redefining genre conventions.

Korean films adapting to international audiences, often by localizing elements like language and culture.

Adapting films for specific markets, like changing the language or cultural elements to connect with the audience.

The increase in online streaming services blurring the lines between movies and dramas, integrating them into OTT.

Strong genre films, including action and romance, are becoming popular on OTT platforms in 2022.

Korean TV shows are increasingly common on international OTT services.

The global success and rise of Korean cinema, achieving significant acclaim on the international stage.

Korean Cinema gaining international recognition, especially from directors like Park Chan-wook and Bong Joon-ho.

Korean films holding a substantial 60% market share in Korea, signalling the high quality and popularity of Korean cinema.

Korea becoming one of the largest non-Hollywood box office markets, a testament to substantial cinema industry strength.

Movie-going rate peaking in Korea, with 212 million admissions in 2013, higher than any other country.

Though Korea has a small population, its cinema industry is a major player competing globally, with yearly releases of around 200 titles.

Korean movie exports hit a record high in 2022, surpassing traditional Asian leaders like Japan.

Delayed movie releases during the pandemic played a role in boosting the value of Korean-made movies.

Korean cinema drawing inspiration from European art cinema, notably styles of Italian Neorealism and French Nouvelle Vague, with directors like Kim Ki-duk, Hong Sang-soo, and Lee Chang-dong.

Korean cinema aligning with 'Third Cinema,' a movement critiquing neoliberal capitalism and Hollywood dominance with directors like Im Kwon-Taek.

Digital platforms like Google, YouTube, Netflix, and Amazon reshaped the film industry.

Online platforms became the primary way movies are consumed.