ESSE Development
54 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is one of the dimensions of poverty mentioned in the text?

  • Material deprivation (correct)
  • High standard of living
  • Excessive resources
  • Luxurious lifestyle

    • According to the text, what is the main goal of development policy?

  • Economic stability
  • Wealth accumulation
  • Poverty reduction (correct)
  • Income inequality

    • Which approach is commonly used for the definition and measurement of poverty, as mentioned in the text?

  • Environmental approach: lack of access to nature
  • Psychological approach: lack of happiness
  • Social approach: lack of community involvement
  • Monetary approach: a shortfall in consumption or income (correct)

    • What does the Gini coefficient measure?

    <p>The level of income inequality in a country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Lorenz curve depict?

    <p>The distribution of income among members of a population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the area between the Lorenz curve and the line of income equality represent?

    <p>The Gini coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'intergenerational elasticity' refer to?

    <p>How much will your income change if your parents' income changed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the numerical range of the Gini coefficient?

    <p>0 to 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Lorenz curve, what does a bow away from the line of income equality indicate?

    <p>Less equal distribution of income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'social mobility' refer to?

    <p>The ability to change one's place in society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Gini index of 0 indicate?

    <p>Total equality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach to define and measure poverty emphasizes the deprivation of a person's capabilities to live a valued life?

    <p>Capability approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the social exclusion approach to define and measure poverty involve?

    <p>Alienation or disenfranchisement from societal activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which countries are absolute poverty lines used?

    <p>Low-income countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the participatory approach to define and measure poverty concern?

    <p>Lack of opportunity to participate in decision making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the subjective poverty refer to?

    <p>Individual understanding and perception of their situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of objective poverty mentioned in the text?

    <p>Absolute and relative poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do different methods of defining and measuring poverty involve?

    <p>Various judgments and lack of transparency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the monetary approach to define and measure poverty?

    <p>Consumption or income shortfall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are relative poverty lines based on?

    <p>Reference value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of poverty includes a clear disadvantage in society?

    <p>Relative poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of poverty includes lack of resources for basic needs?

    <p>Objective poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which index measures average achievement in key dimensions of human development, including a long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living?

    <p>HDI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) measure average achievement in?

    <p>Health, education, and decent standards of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which index is used to measure development and poverty, and was replaced by the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in 2010?

    <p>HPI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Inequality Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) adjust for?

    <p>Income inequality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the international poverty line reflect as income grows?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which index captures the fraction of the poverty line that people are missing?

    <p>Poverty headcounts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Easterlin Paradox suggest about life satisfaction as income increases in richer countries?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which index provides cross-country comparable data on human development?

    <p>HDI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Poverty Gap Index measure?

    <p>The intensity of poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current international poverty line as of 2022?

    <p>$2.15/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization classifies countries according to gross national income (GNI) per capita?

    <p>The World Bank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the history of sustainable development begin?

    <p>1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to promote?

    <p>Sustainable, inclusive, and equitable economic growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge of sustainable development?

    <p>Meeting the demands of more discerning consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does development involve?

    <p>Improvements in the standard of living, economic growth, and reduction of inequality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are crucial elements in economic development?

    <p>Future projections and the convergence and consolidation of supporting SDGs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide?

    <p>A common language and agenda for public and private collaboration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is part of understanding poverty and development?

    <p>The importance of development indicators and the inequality problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do sustainable development goals call for?

    <p>Efforts to build an inclusive, sustainable, and resilient future</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the UN use to classify Least Developed Countries (LDCs)?

    <p>Indicators such as GNI per capita, HAI, and EVI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do sustainable development goals emphasize?

    <p>Economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) measure?

    <p>Geometric mean of inequality-adjusted dimensional indices in health, education, and income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to IHDI in comparison to HDI as inequality rises?

    <p>IHDI &lt; HDI, indicating loss in human development due to inequality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What data source does the IHDI rely on for its calculation?

    <p>National household surveys on income/consumption and years of schooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which development indicators are used to measure gender inequalities in achievement and gender inequality using three dimensions?

    <p>IHDI, Gender Development Index (GDI), and Gender Inequality Index (GII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the adjustment to standard HDI values by the planetary pressures-adjusted HDI indicate?

    <p>Increases as the level of human development increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) measure?

    <p>Sustainable economic welfare, incorporating environmental and social elements not found in GDP calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Social Progress Index measure?

    <p>Society's capacity to meet basic human needs and enhance the quality of life for its citizens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Inclusive Wealth Index measure?

    <p>A nation’s capacity to create and maintain human well-being over time using manufactured, human, and natural capital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable impact of inequality on well-being?

    <p>Reduces well-being, with notable increases in prosperity but high inequality persisting and potentially increasing in some places</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors does measuring inequality depend on?

    <p>Reference unit, relevant reference period, and acceptable indicator values to society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can economic inequality be measured?

    <p>Using wealth, market income, or disposable income, with variations in inequality levels among countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Development Indicators and Inequality

    • The Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) is calculated as the geometric mean of inequality-adjusted dimensional indices, taking into account the distribution of health, education, and income among a country's population.
    • IHDI = HDI when there is no inequality, but IHDI < HDI as inequality rises, indicating the loss in human development due to inequality.
    • The IHDI relies on data from national household surveys on income/consumption and years of schooling.
    • The IHDI, Gender Development Index (GDI), and Gender Inequality Index (GII) are key development indicators used to measure gender inequalities in achievement and gender inequality using three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market.
    • The adjustment to standard HDI values by the planetary pressures-adjusted HDI increases as the level of human development increases.
    • The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) measures sustainable economic welfare, incorporating environmental and social elements not found in GDP calculations.
    • The Social Progress Index measures a society's capacity to meet basic human needs and enhance the quality of life for its citizens.
    • The Inclusive Wealth Index measures a nation’s capacity to create and maintain human well-being over time using manufactured, human, and natural capital.
    • Inequality reduces well-being, with notable increases in prosperity but high inequality persisting and potentially increasing in some places, particularly problematic in Latin America.
    • Inequality manifests in various ways, including rent, wages, consumption, access to opportunities, resources, services, freedoms, and political opportunities.
    • Measuring inequality is complex and depends on factors such as the reference unit, relevant reference period, and acceptable indicator values to society.
    • Economic inequality can be measured using wealth, market income, or disposable income, with variations in inequality levels among countries.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Economic Development (Part 1) PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of development indicators and inequality with this quiz. Explore concepts such as the Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), Gender Development Index (GDI), Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), and more. Gain insight into the impact of inequality on well-being and economic welfare, and understand the complexities of measuring and addressing inequality in different contexts.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser