Industrial Revolution Workers Challenges & Compensation
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Questions and Answers

What was the temperature often exceeding during summers for workers?

  • 100° (correct)
  • 110°
  • 80°
  • 90°

    • Which event resulted in at least 360 miners' deaths due to an explosion?

  • Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
  • Monongah Mining Accident (correct)
  • Mud Run Disaster
  • Hazelton Train Collision

    • What did workers have to do under the harsh conditions described?

  • Work in shifts of less than 8 hours
  • Use safety gear at all times
  • Take frequent breaks
  • Perform new patterns of movement perfectly (correct)

    • What unsanitary condition was predominantly found in the mining sector?

    <p>Lack of ventilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Frances Perkins?

    <p>Head of the New York Consumers League (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main goals of scientific management during the Industrial Revolution?

    <p>To reduce the number of movements a worker made (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant health risk for workers in factories during the Industrial Revolution?

    <p>Exposure to harmful chemicals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT a challenge faced by workers in factories?

    <p>Excessive worker training (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major issue did business owners face regarding worker safety during the Industrial Revolution?

    <p>Lack of incentives to implement safety measures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a common feature of factory environments during the Industrial Revolution?

    <p>High temperatures and poor air quality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major event led to the involvement of the International Ladies Garment Workers Union and the Red Cross?

    <p>The fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change was prompted by the investigations after the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?

    <p>The creation of the Bureau of Fire Prevention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who led the Committee of Public Safety that called for reforms after the tragedy?

    <p>Frances Perkins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the trial against the owners of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory?

    <p>They were acquitted on the grounds of reasonable doubt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization was established in 1911 to ensure workplace safety and still exists today?

    <p>American Society of Safety Engineers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What legislation did the Factory Investigative Committee help pass after the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?

    <p>Over 15 laws related to workplace safety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one significant achievement of labor unions following their strikes and negotiations?

    <p>Implementation of an 8-hour workday (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main focus of the Women's Trade Union League after the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?

    <p>Issuing a call for investigations and memorials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Industrial Revolution worker challenges

    Factory, railroad, and mine jobs during the Industrial Revolution were often dangerous and unsafe, with poor ventilation, lack of safety equipment, and no government regulation.

    Factory work during the Industrial Revolution

    Workers in factories during the Industrial Revolution performed specific tasks, such as operating machines, making parts, and assembling products.

    Scientific Management

    A management approach focusing on observing workers, analyzing their movements, and reducing inefficiencies to increase productivity.

    Industrial Revolution worker safety hazards

    Workers faced dangerous conditions, including lack of safety measures, unguarded machine parts, explosions, fires, and loud noises.

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    Industrial Revolution worker job duties

    Industrial jobs primarily involved operating machinery, manufacturing specific parts of products, and assembling those parts, as well as making products.

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    Industrial Work Conditions

    Harsh working environments in the late 1800s and early 1900s, including extreme temperatures, long hours, low pay, and unsafe conditions.

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    1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

    A devastating industrial disaster that killed many workers in a New York City garment factory due to inadequate safety measures.

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    1907 Monongah Mining Disaster

    A major coal mining accident in West Virginia that resulted in the deaths of over 360 miners.

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    Work Disasters of the Era

    Numerous industrial accidents like the Monongah Mine Disaster & Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire highlighting inadequate safety standards in factories and mines.

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    Frances Perkins

    Leader of the New York Consumers League, she was a key figure in documenting and fighting for improved working conditions for women, especially among workers.

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    Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

    A deadly fire in 1911 that killed many garment workers.

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    1911 response to fire

    Organizations like the ILGWU and Women's Trade Union League responded by investigating and demanding memorials and improvements. The public mourned the loss. The owners were eventually acquitted.

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    Workplace safety improvements

    Following the fire, changes like better fire prevention regulations and safety devices became mandatory in buildings.

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    Factory Investigative Committee's impact

    This committee created over 15 laws regarding workplace safety, and other worker issues.

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    Union Victories

    Labor unions fought for and won improvements in workers' rights like the 8-hour workday, an end to child labor and fairer pay.

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    Importance of Labor Unions (Industrial Revolution)

    Labor unions were crucial in addressing poor working conditions, advocating for better pay, hours, and safety standards during the Industrial Revolution.

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    8-hour workday

    A common goal of labor unions and workers to reduce the workday to 8 hours instead of the often longer hours.

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    End of child labor

    A significant gain for workers due to union efforts and public pressure to remove children from the workplace.

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    Study Notes

    Industrial Revolution Worker Challenges

    • Factory, railroad, and mine jobs were dangerous
    • Workers did not make entire products; they operated machines and assembled parts
    • Factories lacked ventilation and safety measures. Moving machine parts often lacked guards.
    • Governments did not regulate safety
    • Business owners had little incentive for safety. Explosions due to machinery malfunctions were common
    • Machines were dangerous, cutting body parts.
    • Emergency equipment and doors malfunctioned
    • Overhead lights were the only source of light.
    • Work environments were very loud and smoky
    • Temperatures were extreme, either too hot or too cold
    • Unsanitary conditions were common

    Industrial Revolution Worker Compensation

    • Workers earned very low wages, often living below the poverty line
    • Entire families often had to work
    • Standard work week was 60+ hours, with 10+ hours per day common
    • Work days were often 7 days a week
    • Women were paid 1/2 or 1/3 of what men earned, or even less

    Industrial Revolution Workplace Disasters

    • 1888 Mud Run Disaster: 5,000 people at a temperance meeting in Hazelton, PA were injured, and 60 were killed when a train plowed into another.
    • 1907 Monongah Mining Disaster: 365+ miners working in a WV coal seam were killed by an explosion
    • 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire: Fire in a garment factory resulted in many deaths due to safety and escape issues. This disaster led workers to demand reform.

    Labor Union Victories

    • Strikes, negotiations, and political lobbying led to significant improvements in worker conditions. This included 8-hour workday, the end of child labor, safer working conditions, and fairer pay for women and minorities.

    Labor Union Responses & Workplace Reforms

    • The Committee of Public Safety and led by Frances Perkins was formed to address worker safety issues alongside unions.
    • Bureau of Fire prevention was created.
    • Inspection codes and working safety devices, such as hoses and extinguishers, were mandated in buildings.
    • The United Society of Casualty Inspectors was founded and led to the creation of the American Society of Safety Engineers.
    • Laws were passed to improve workplace safety, addressing many worker issues.

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    Related Documents

    The Lives of Workers & Labor Unions PDF

    Description

    Explore the harsh realities faced by workers during the Industrial Revolution. This quiz covers the dangerous working conditions, low wages, and long hours that defined factory, railroad, and mining jobs. Understand the impact of these challenges on the lives of workers and their families.

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