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Questions and Answers
What marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain?
What marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain?
How did mechanization impact textile production?
How did mechanization impact textile production?
What was a significant consequence of the new farming methods during the Industrial Revolution?
What was a significant consequence of the new farming methods during the Industrial Revolution?
Why did factories emerge during the Industrial Revolution?
Why did factories emerge during the Industrial Revolution?
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Which of the following resources contributed to Britain's industrialization?
Which of the following resources contributed to Britain's industrialization?
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What was the role of the cottage industry before the Industrial Revolution?
What was the role of the cottage industry before the Industrial Revolution?
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What effect did large landowners taking over small farms have during the agricultural revolution?
What effect did large landowners taking over small farms have during the agricultural revolution?
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What was a primary factor that differentiated Britain's industrialization from other countries?
What was a primary factor that differentiated Britain's industrialization from other countries?
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Study Notes
The Industrial Revolution
- People transitioned from small farming villages to buying goods from stores. This shift occurred in Great Britain during the mid-1700s.
- Farming practices in Europe evolved, leading to increased efficiency and a reduced workforce needed for agriculture.
- This change meant many people moved to cities to find work.
The Textile Industry and Cottage Industry
- The Industrial Revolution began in Britain's textile industry.
- British merchants imported raw cotton from India, processing it into thread and cloth.
- The cottage industry involved sending raw cotton to peasant families who spun and wove it, then returned the finished cloth to merchants.
- This process was slow, prompting the development of faster methods like the spinning jenny and water-powered looms.
Innovations in Manufacturing
- Inventors created tools and machines to speed up spinning and weaving.
- The spinning jenny spun many threads simultaneously, leading to high production levels.
- Water-powered looms automated the weaving process.
- The need for these large machines made it necessary for businesses to build factories next to water sources and larger factory buildings.
Agricultural Revolution as Catalyst
- The early 1700s saw wealthy landowners enclose common lands, creating large fields (enclosures).
- This forced many poor farmers off their land, creating tenant farmers or prompting them to seek work in cities.
- Improved farming techniques (e.g. seed drill by Jethro Tull) increased farm output and food availability, boosting population.
Factors Contributing to Britain's Industrialization
- Abundant natural resources (coal, water, iron ore, rivers, harbors, banks).
- Sufficient capital (wealth) to invest in new technologies.
- A large workforce available to operate factories.
- Existing infrastructure facilitating trade and transportation.
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Description
Explore the transformative period of the Industrial Revolution, focusing on the shift from agrarian societies to industrialized cities in Great Britain during the mid-1700s. Learn about the pivotal roles of the textile industry, cottage industry, and innovations that shaped manufacturing practices. This quiz covers key changes in society and technology that marked this important era.
