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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism of action of indirect-acting cholinergic agonists?
What is the primary mechanism of action of indirect-acting cholinergic agonists?
- Stimulating acetylcholine receptors directly
- Blocking the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (correct)
- Increasing the release of norepinephrine
- Inhibiting the synthesis of acetylcholine
Which condition is commonly treated with pyridostigmine and neostigmine?
Which condition is commonly treated with pyridostigmine and neostigmine?
- Migraine
- Asthma
- Myasthenia gravis (correct)
- Hypertension
Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine are primarily used to treat which condition?
Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine are primarily used to treat which condition?
- Parkinson's disease
- Epilepsy
- Multiple sclerosis
- Alzheimer's disease (correct)
Which of the following is a common contraindication for indirect-acting cholinergic agonists?
Which of the following is a common contraindication for indirect-acting cholinergic agonists?
What is a common adverse effect associated with indirect-acting cholinergic agonists due to PNS stimulation?
What is a common adverse effect associated with indirect-acting cholinergic agonists due to PNS stimulation?
Which of the following medications may interact with indirect-acting cholinergic drugs?
Which of the following medications may interact with indirect-acting cholinergic drugs?
What condition related to heart rate should be monitored when administering indirect-acting cholinergic agonists?
What condition related to heart rate should be monitored when administering indirect-acting cholinergic agonists?
What is the effect of indirect-acting cholinergic agonists on acetylcholine levels?
What is the effect of indirect-acting cholinergic agonists on acetylcholine levels?
What is an adverse effect of indirect-acting cholinergic agonists related to the respiratory system?
What is an adverse effect of indirect-acting cholinergic agonists related to the respiratory system?
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists are cautioned in patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction. Why?
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists are cautioned in patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction. Why?
Flashcards
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists
Block acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to increase acetylcholine (ACh) levels.
Pyridostigmine & Neostigmine Uses
Pyridostigmine & Neostigmine Uses
Myasthenia gravis, neuromuscular blockade reversal, and urinary retention.
Alzheimer’s Agents
Alzheimer’s Agents
Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine, enhance cholinergic neurotransmission in the brain.
Contraindications for Cholinergics
Contraindications for Cholinergics
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Adverse Effects of Cholinergics
Adverse Effects of Cholinergics
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Cholinergic Crisis
Cholinergic Crisis
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Study Notes
- Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists increase acetylcholine (ACh) levels by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
Specific Agents and Uses
- Pyridostigmine and neostigmine treat myasthenia gravis, neuromuscular blockade, and urinary retention.
- Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine (Exelon) are used to manage Alzheimer’s disease.
Contraindications and Cautions
- Avoid use in patients with bradycardia or intestinal/urinary tract obstruction.
- Exercise caution in conditions worsened by cholinergic stimulation and in those with hepatic or renal dysfunction.
- Use during pregnancy and lactation is not advised.
Adverse Effects
- Adverse effects are due to parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) stimulation:
- Bradycardia
- Dyspnea
- Pinpoint pupils
- Increased GI peristalsis
- Can result in cholinergic crisis.
Drug Interactions
- NSAIDs
- Cholinergic drugs
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