Indigenous Peoples and Their Cultures Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which group is primarily associated with agriculture as their subsistence activity?

  • Algonquian
  • Inuit
  • Iroquois (correct)
  • None of the above

Which physiographic region is linked to the Iroquois?

  • Canadian Shield
  • St. Lawrence Lowlands (correct)
  • Arctic
  • Rocky Mountains

What is the primary dwelling type of the Algonquian people?

  • Brick Houses
  • Winter Igloos
  • Long Houses
  • Wigwams (correct)

Which social aspect is specifically related to the study of demographics?

<p>Population factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the way of life of the Inuit?

<p>Nomadic based on hunting and gathering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary material used by the original occupants for clothing?

<p>Animal skins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which significant economic activity arose from the discovery of the Great Fishing Banks by John Cabot?

<p>Cod fishing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Cartier's goals during his first voyage in 1534?

<p>To explore the Gulf of Saint Lawrence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major consequence of the Ottoman Empire's control over Constantinople in 1453?

<p>Disruption of traditional trade routes to Asia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did gift-giving function in the cultural practices of the original occupants?

<p>To foster alliances and relations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group did Jacques Cartier make contact with during his first voyage?

<p>The Iroquois (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one consequence of rivalries formed between groups among the original occupants?

<p>Increased conflicts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method was primarily used by the Elders to pass down knowledge and culture?

<p>Oral storytelling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which geographic region is primarily associated with the Inuit linguistic family?

<p>Arctic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the political organization of the Iroquois from that of the Algonquian?

<p>Iroquois relied on a council of men appointed by clan mothers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool or resource was specifically associated with the Inuit way of life?

<p>Parkas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of social structure, how do the Algonquian and Inuit families compare?

<p>Both are patriarchal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key aspect of the Iroquois way of life compared to the Algonquian?

<p>Greater focus on agriculture. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of the dwellings used by the Iroquois?

<p>Longhouses surrounded by palisades (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which time frame did the first occupants cross the Bering land bridge to North America?

<p>30,000 B.C. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly identifies a characteristic feature of the Algonquian social structure?

<p>Men primarily control political authority. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary consequence of the focus on fur trade in New France?

<p>Limitation on population settlement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Seigneurial System?

<p>An organized division aimed at population growth with long strips of land (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles did the Catholic Church NOT play in New France?

<p>Enhancing military capabilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant impact of the fur trade on the Indigenous population?

<p>Total loss of control over traditional territories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What economic policy was primarily practiced in New France with regard to its relationship with France?

<p>Mercantilism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what century did the fur trading companies significantly impact New France?

<p>17th Century (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What transformation did the Indigenous people experience due to European contact?

<p>Increased dependency on European goods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the 'Company of 100 Associates' in New France?

<p>To monopolize the fur trade and populate the colony (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Division of Labor

A system where different people specialize in specific tasks, making production more efficient.

Consequence

The result or outcome of specific actions or conditions.

Demographics

The study of a population based on factors like age, gender, and race.

Physiographic Region

The natural features of a region, such as mountains, plains, or rivers.

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Way of Life

The way of life of a group of people, including their customs, beliefs, and practices.

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First North Americans

The first inhabitants of North America who migrated across the Bering Strait from Asia.

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Linguistic Family

A group of people who share a common language and culture, often with similar origins.

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Indigenous Group

A group of people who live in a specific region and share a common language, culture, and way of life.

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Patriarchal Society

The belief that men hold more social power and authority within a group or society.

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Matriarchal Society

The belief that women hold more social power and authority within a group or society.

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Nomadic Lifestyle

A form of social organization where people move from place to place, following food sources.

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Sedentary Lifestyle

A form of social organization where people stay in one place for a long period, often cultivating land.

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Tribe

A group of people who share a common language and culture and often form a distinct social unit.

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Reciprocity in Indigenous Cultures

The practice of exchanging goods and services between different groups, often for mutual benefit and forming alliances.

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Knowledge Transfer in Pre-Colonial Indigenous Societies

These groups maintained their cultural traditions by orally passing down knowledge and stories through generations. They used this method to preserve their history, myths, and social structures.

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Trade Routes and Exploration

The disruption of traditional trade routes to Asia, caused by the Ottoman Empire's control of Constantinople, spurred European explorers to seek new routes to the East, leading to the discovery of North America.

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European Colonization of North America

The establishment of settlements and claiming of territory in North America by European powers, like France, with the aim of extracting resources and expanding their influence.

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Cod Fisheries and Economic Importance

The abundance of codfish off the coast of Newfoundland provided a valuable food source for Europe, attracting European fishermen who established temporary settlements.

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Jacques Cartier's Voyages

Jacques Cartier's voyages were driven by a quest for economic gain, territorial expansion, and religious conversion. This involved seeking gold, finding a Western route to Asia, and converting Indigenous people to Christianity.

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Cartier's First Voyage (1534)

Cartier's first voyage in 1534 led to the exploration of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, marking the beginning of French claims in North America. This voyage also facilitated the initial encounter with Iroquois Indigenous people.

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Cartier's Second Voyage (1535)

The Saint Lawrence River was explored deeply by Cartier during his second voyage in 1535, reaching the site of modern-day Montreal. This expedition was marked by a significant loss of crew members due to scurvy.

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Mercantilism

An economic policy where colonies provide raw materials to the mother country, which manufactures goods and sells them back to the colonies, resulting in profits for the mother country.

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Seigneurial System

The system of land division in New France, aimed at populating the territory, with long, narrow strips perpendicular to the St. Lawrence River, providing access to water for irrigation, transportation, and communication.

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Fur Trade Monopoly

The French king's granting of exclusive rights to the 'Company of 100 Associates' to control the fur trade and populate the colony.

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Consequences of Fur Trade on Aboriginals

The impact of the fur trade on the Aboriginal population of New France, causing a decline in population due to diseases introduced by Europeans, a shift in cultural practices towards European goods and Christianity, and a loss of their traditional territories.

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Role of Catholic Church in New France

The church's role in New France, providing education for children, healthcare, and evangelism to Indigenous populations.

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Consequences of Fur Trading Companies on New France

The negative impact of fur trading companies on the population of New France, resulting in a focus on trading posts rather than permanent settlements, and a low population due to challenges and high costs of settling the land.

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Company of 100 Associates

The French company responsible for the fur trade and settling New France, granted exclusive rights by the king.

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French Fur Trade

The French trade with Indigenous people for furs, turning the furs into products for sale back in France, exemplifying the mercantilist relationship between colony and mother country.

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