India's Geography

Geography

• India is a country located in South Asia
• Bordered by:
  • Pakistan to the west
  • China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north
  • Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east
  • Indian Ocean to the south
• Total area: 3,287,263 km² (1,269,219 sq mi)
• Longest north-south distance: approximately 3,200 km (2,000 mi)
• Widest east-west distance: approximately 2,900 km (1,800 mi)

Physical Features

• Himalayan mountain range in the north
• Indo-Gangetic Plain in the north and east
• Deccan Plateau in the south
• Eastern and Western Ghats mountain ranges along the eastern and western coasts
• Major rivers: Ganges, Brahmaputra, Indus, Krishna, and Godavari

Administrative Divisions

• 29 states and 7 union territories
• States:
  • Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal
• Union territories:
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Delhi, Lakshadweep, Puducherry

Climate

• Varies greatly from region to region
• Tropical in the south
• Temperate in the north
• Desert climate in the northwest
• Monsoon season: June to September

Geography of India

• Location: South Asia
• Bordering countries: Pakistan to the west, China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north, Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east
• Surrounded by: Indian Ocean to the south
• Total area: 3,287,263 km² (1,269,219 sq mi)
• Dimensions: approximately 3,200 km (2,000 mi) from north to south, approximately 2,900 km (1,800 mi) from east to west

Physical Features of India

• Himalayan mountain range: northern India
• Indo-Gangetic Plain: northern and eastern India
• Deccan Plateau: southern India
• Eastern and Western Ghats mountain ranges: along eastern and western coasts
• Major rivers: Ganges, Brahmaputra, Indus, Krishna, and Godavari

Administrative Divisions of India

• 29 states:
  • Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal
• 7 union territories:
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Delhi, Lakshadweep, Puducherry

Climate of India

• Varies greatly by region
• Tropical climate: southern India
• Temperate climate: northern India
• Desert climate: northwestern India
• Monsoon season: June to September