Indian Railways Expenditure Allocation Quiz

All maintenance and repair costs after the line opens, excluding specific situations, plus operational expenses like employee salaries and allowances.

The cost of replacements and renewals not covered by the Depreciation Reserve Fund or other designated funds.

The initial labor costs for assets laid down are now transferred for a new use and becomes revenue burden.

Costs associated with additional stones used after the completion of training or protective works.

Costs for small equipment, including medical items with a cost limit of 3 lakh/item or the board-prescribed limit for items.

Revenue accounts for released materials and asset sales proceeds, minus dismantling/handling charges, to track profit.

For medical equipment above 20,000 or non-medical items above 10,000 (or board limits), specific authorization from Senior positions is needed. These items cannot be handled by lower-level personnel.

Works focused on upgrading railway operations to meet modern standards.

Upgrading water supply systems at railway stations for locomotives.

Enhancing track quality and curves for better train operation.

Converting dead-end sidings into through loops and adding more loops.

Creation, expansion, or modernization of catch-sidings for railway use.

Installing or upgrading lights at railway stations and sheds.

Strengthening or adding materials to major railway bridge girders.

Improving train tracks by adding extra sleepers for better support.

Works related to railway safety that can be funded by a development fund.

Locomotives are the engines that pull trains. They can be electric, diesel, or steam powered.

Coaching stock refers to the passenger cars that are attached to a train. These include various types of cars like suburban motor units, self-propelled coaches, and standard passenger cars.

Saloons are a type of passenger carriage, often found in trains. They offer comfortable seating for passengers, similar to first-class compartments.

Tourist and restaurant cars are specifically designed for longer journeys. Tourist cars provide sightseeing facilities, while restaurant cars serve meals to passengers.

Upper-class carriages provide luxurious and enhanced amenities for passengers, often featuring air conditioning and first-class seating.

These carriages are crucial for train operations. Brake carriages control the train's speed, luggage carriages carry baggage, and postal carriages transport mail.

These are vehicles specifically used by railway staff for maintenance and operations. Examples include stores vans, tool vans, and inspection carriages.

These are wagons designed to transport various types of goods. They come in different configurations like open, covered, or low-sided, depending on the type of cargo.

These specialized wagons are designed to transport hazardous liquids like acids, oils, and petrol safely.

These wagons support various railway operations. Examples include ballast hoppers for track maintenance, crane support wagons, and weigh bridge testing wagons.

A fund that accounts for the wear and tear of assets over their lifespan. When an asset is transferred, the fund records the original cost and depreciated value.

The current value of an asset after accounting for its age and use. It's calculated by deducting depreciation from the original cost or replacement cost.

The expected lifespan of rolling stock, such as locomotives and carriages, used to calculate depreciation.

When assets are moved within Indian Railways, both the original cost and accumulated depreciation are transferred to the new owner without any financial adjustments.

When assets are sold to a railway outside of India, the Depreciation Reserve Fund is credited with the depreciated value, and the receiving railway debits this amount.

When replacing an asset, if the replacement cost is less than the original cost, the entire replacement cost is charged to the Depreciation Reserve Fund. The difference between the original and replacement costs is credited to the relevant fund (e.g., Capital or Development Fund).

If an asset's original cost was split between different funds (e.g., Development Fund and Revenue), the replacement cost is fully allocated to the Depreciation Reserve Fund.

The Depreciation Reserve Fund covers the cost of replacing specific assets, including renewals and strengthening of critical infrastructure like rails, sleepers, bridges, and girders.

The Depreciation Reserve Fund doesn't cover the cost of replacing certain items, such as train lighting equipment, locomotive parts, medical equipment, and building components.

If a renewal or replacement doesn't fall under the categories covered by the Depreciation Reserve Fund, the cost is borne by Revenue.

The cost of repairing flood damages, including track repairs caused by accidents, is generally charged to Revenue, unless the repairs involve betterment, in which case the Depreciation Reserve Fund should be used.

When repairs involve an element of betterment, meaning they go beyond restoring the original condition and improve or enhance the asset, the cost is charged to the Depreciation Reserve Fund.

Regular replacements of rails, sleepers, and fastenings (e.g., fish plates, bolts, spikes, points, crossings) are considered casual renewals and are covered by the Depreciation Reserve Fund.

Large-scale replacements or strengthening of bridges and girders are considered wholesale renewals and are covered by the Depreciation Reserve Fund.

The Depreciation Reserve Fund covers renewals of various assets, including those detailed in paragraphs 759 to 768.

A fund specifically dedicated to supporting projects related to railway safety and infrastructure upgrades, including safety works, track renewals, bridges, electrification, and customer amenities.

The RSF receives funds from two primary sources: the Central Road & Infrastructure Fund (CRIF) through a cess levied on fuel, and a portion of surplus railway revenues.

A category of funding for railway projects obtained from sources outside the regular budgetary allocation. EBR may involve cost sharing with state governments, private investments, loans, etc.

The two main types of EBR are EBR(P) and EBR(IF). EBR(P) involves cost-sharing with states for projects like new lines, traffic facilities, and customer amenities. EBR(IF) is obtained through institutional loans for priority projects like new lines, gauge conversion, and electrification.

A fund specifically meant for railway projects that improve customer amenities and railway user facilities.

Projects with multiple components (customer amenities, operational improvements, etc.) are allocated based on the overall project. However, expenses that can be clearly identified as customer amenities are specifically charged to the Development Fund.

The Railway Safety Fund (RSF) focuses on improving safety and infrastructure, while the Development Fund prioritizes enhancing amenities and facilities for railway users.

When new track is laid with heavier rails or different sleepers, the cost charged to the Depreciation Reserve Fund is the greater of either the estimated original cost of the old track materials or the full cost of replacement.

If rails originally installed as second-hand are replaced with new ones, the entire cost of replacement is charged to the Depreciation Reserve Fund.

When carriages are replaced, one bogie is considered to replace two four-wheeled trucks.

When a self-propelled coach is replaced with a locomotive, the carriage portion of the cost is written off from capital and charged to the Depreciation Reserve Fund. The replacement cost is allocated to the fund based on pre-determined rules.

When wagons are replaced, one bogie is considered to replace two four-wheeled trucks.

When new rolling stock is built on old underframes, only the depreciated value of the underframes is included in the cost of the new stock. This depreciated value is credited to the Depreciation Reserve Fund as the value received for released materials.

The cost of replacing complete wheels and axles of carriages and wagons is charged to the Depreciation Reserve Fund.

When locomotive motions or frames are altered, or small fittings are added during conversion, the total cost is charged to Revenue.

Temporary works and diversions related to a main project are split between the same funds as the main project. The cost is allocated proportionally to the main project's funding sources.

Costs directly related to a project, like freight for materials, loading/unloading, and relocating are considered incidental charges and are included in the project's total cost.

Expenses incurred for ceremonial events related to opening new railway lines or completing open line works are charged to Revenue.

The cost of special tools, machinery, and posts created for a project is allocated to the relevant fund (Capital, Depreciation Reserve, Development) based on the project's funding source.

When a project is partially funded by different sources (e.g., Capital and Development Fund), the cost of special posts and equipment is allocated proportionally to each funding source.

The total cost of employing someone in a special post includes salary, allowances, leave pay, pension contributions, and other benefits.

When an asset is moved from 'Open Line' to 'Construction,' its original cost is written back to the Depreciation Reserve Fund, and its depreciated value is added to the construction estimate.

Credits for rolling stock that's replaced but still in use are only given to the Depreciation Reserve Fund when the stock is permanently disposed of.

If parts from 'Replaced Stock' are used in building new stock, the current value of those parts is included in the new stock's cost, and the Depreciation Reserve Fund receives credit for that amount.

Any modifications needed to make replaced stock suitable for its new purpose are charged to revenue, except when it's a conversion to a different vehicle class.

The price of second-hand rails is calculated using a formula involving the current price of new rails, the age of the rails, and their estimated life.

When assets other than rolling stock are transferred between Indian Railways, adjustments are made based on market value agreed upon by both parties.

The sale price of an overaged or condemned locomotive is calculated by adding scrap value of ferrous parts, virgin metal value of non-ferrous parts, and a proportion of the cost of its most recent overhaul.

The sale price of an overaged or condemned wagon is determined by adding scrap value, 50% of the present-day price for serviceable parts, and a 25% markup.

The sale of wagon bodies (without useful fittings) is done by auction, and the formula for normal condemned wagons does not apply.

The formula ensures a fair price for locomotives that are no longer in service, considering their condition, age, and the cost of any recent overhauls.

The 25% markup represents a profit margin for the railway selling the over-aged assets.

Serviceable parts are components that can potentially be reused or refurbished, such as wheels, axles, springs, and brakes.

This reflects the fact that these parts are used and may require further repairs or refurbishment.

The sale price formula provides a base, but the actual price is further negotiated based on the specific working condition of the asset.