Indian Polity: Election Eligibility and LoP

Right to Vote and Election Eligibility in India

• An undertrial prisoner is ineligible to vote but can contest elections.
• A person under preventive detention can vote, but cannot contest elections.
• A convicted person on bail cannot vote or contest elections.

Leader of Opposition (LoP) in Indian Parliament

• The office of the LoP is not mentioned in the Constitution or any Act passed by the Parliament.
• The LoP must be from the party in opposition to the Government with the greatest numerical strength in the House.
• The LoP is part of high-powered committees for the appointment of the Director of CBI and ED.
• The LoP has the same rank as that of former Prime Ministers in the Order of Precedence.

Laws and the Right to Equality

• A law that makes provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and for maternity relief cannot be deemed void on the ground that it violates the right to equality before law.

Securing Workers' Participation

• A law aims to secure the participation of workers in the management of undertakings, establishments, or other organisations.

Languages in Schedule VIII and Classical Language Status

• Hindi is scheduled in the VIII of the Indian Constitution.
• Hindi is declared a Classical Language, and also recognized as an official language of the Union of India?

Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC)

• A JPC is set up after after motions passed by one house of Parliament
• It includes members from both houses of Parliament
• A JPC can investigate both financial and non-financial matters

Quorum for Resolutions in Lok Sabha

• To remove the Speaker of the House requires a majority of 261 members present.
• An amendment to provisions of the Representation of People Act, 1951 requires the support of 272 members.

Control of All India Services

• Members of All India Services are under the joint control of the Union and State Governments, but only the Union Government can remove them.
• As per the Constitution of India, members of All India Services can not be dismissed or removed by an authority subordinate to that by which they are appointed.

Fiscal Consolidation and Borrowed Resources

• The utilization of borrowed resources has increasingly focused on productive investments.
• There has been consistent fiscal consolidation in the economy.

High Credit-Deposit Ratio Consequence

• A consequence of a consistently high Credit-Deposit Ratio (CDR) in the banking sector increased liquidity risk and potential challenges in meeting withdrawal demands.

Long Term Capital Gain (LTCG) Tax

• Indexation reduces the taxable amount of LTCG.
• Indexation adjusts the cost of acquisition of an asset to account for inflation.

Reducing India's Dependence on US Dollars

• Issuing rupee-denominated international bonds reduces India's dependence on US Dollars.
• Signing Bilateral Swap Arrangements with other countries reduces India's dependence on US Dollars.
• Encouraging the opening of rupee accounts for non-residents reduces India's dependence on US Dollars.

GST Council Approval

• The combined weightage of votes of all states taken together is greater than the weightage of Centre's vote.

Inverted Duty Structure

• Import duty on solar panels is lower than the duty on raw materials required to manufacture solar panels.
• GST rate on raw cotton is higher than the GST rate on cotton garments.

Capital Raising Method

• Companies can raise capital by offering additional shares to existing shareholders at a discounted price with Rights Issue

Satellite Internet Services

• Satellite based internet services generally prefer Low Earth Orbit for satellites.
• Low Earth Orbit satellites generally provide better internet speed than Geostationary satellites due to their proximity to the Earth.

GNSS based toll Benefits

• Benefits of the proposed Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based toll collection are Barrier-less tolling, reducing traffic congestion.
• No requirement for any initial installation of device on vehicles.
• Toll charges to be applicable as per the distance traveled.

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

• AGI can perform a variety of intellectual tasks without requiring domain-specific training.

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)

• Quantum Key Distribution secures communication against quantum computer attacks.

Burning Plasma in Nuclear Fusion

• Burning plasma sustains fusion reactions with minimal external heating.

Modular Reactors and advantages

• Can be factory-built
• unlike conventional reactors that are built on-site.
• They can directly utilize Thorium as fuel without the need of breeding.

Reason for tire patch repair

• A patch distributes the force more evenly across the tire's structure, preventing stress from concentrating only around the puncture.

Mahabodhi Temple Complex Details

• The first temple in the complex was built by Emperor Ashoka.
• Fa-Hien has made reference to the main temple and the Bodhi tree.

Folk Painting from Jharkhand

• Tribal women of Jharkhand primarily practice Sohrai-Khovar Paintings.
• It is mainly associated with marriage and harvest seasons, with local flora and wildlife among prominent themes.

Ancient Centers of Learning

• Kumaragupta I is associated with Nalanda and Aryabhatta
• Bhattarka is associated with Vallabhi and Nagarjuna
• Dharampala is associated with Vikramshila and Atisha Dipankara

Battle of Ten Kings

• The 'Battle of Ten Kings' was fought on banks of the river Parushni (Ravi)

Rudrama Devi:

• Rudrama Devi was a Kakatiya dynasty prominent warrior queen of 13th century India.

Info about Subash Chandra Bosse

• He was the Head of State of the Provisional Government built in Singapore
• The author of the book "Six Glorious Epochs of Indian History" is Subash Chandra Bosse.
• Subash Chandra Bosse establish the “Free India Legion" during World War II.
• He presided over the Haripura Session of the Indian National Congress in 1938.

Info about Arhats and Bodhisattva

• Arhats disappear after attaining nirvana
• Bodhisattvas delay their nirvana

Arctic Warming Impact

• The rapid warming in the Arctic causes a weakening of the polar jet stream.
• This leads to the release of greenhouse gases from melting permafrost

Tiger, Lion, and Cheetah National Parks

• National Parks in India with the highest populations of Tigers, Lions and Cheetahs. are Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh

Camelids

• United Nations has declared 2024 as the International Year of Camelids.
• Bactrian camels are double-humped camels primarily found in Nubra valley of Ladakh.

Crushed Silicate Rocks Benefits

• Application of crushed silicate rocks to the soil can enhance the sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Also, the process increase rock weathering due to silicate reaction.

Antarctic Implications

• Increased vegetation cover in Antarctica likely means Disruption of local ecosystems, potentially allowing the introduction of non-native species.

Areas Notified under Environmental Act

• To function as a "shock absorber" for specialized ecosystems and serve as a transition zone between areas of high protection and those with lesser protection is known as Eco-Sensitive Zone.

Cloud Seeding

• Essential conditions for successful artificial rain generation include the Availability of moisture-laden clouds.
• Adequate concentration of chemical nuclei must be present

Sea description

• A "Europe's longest river falls into this landlocked reservoir with a coastline shared by five countries. A description is Black Sea.

Conflict regions described

• Danjo Islands is associated with Japan
• Kursk region is associated with Russia

International Sports and Medals

• Cricket will be included as a medal event in the 2028 Olympic Games

Facts About Arab League

• The Arab League has recently reinstated Syria's membership.

Agencies and what they do

• Executive has the Central Bureau of Investigation and Ministry of Home Affairs
• Parliamentary has the Enforcement Directorate and Ministry of Finance
• Parliamentary has the National Investigation and Agency Ministry of Home Affairs

Initiative to help students

• PM Vidyalakshmi Karyakram helps students access education loans and scholarships.

Winds and Temperature (Oceans)

• Offshore winds cause upwelling of water.

Small modular reactor

• Have higher energy output energy
• Can be factory built
• Use thorium

Statements about Gupta Empire

• Hsuan Tsang's account of India, 'Si-Yu-Ki' states that there was no forced labour under the Pushyabhuti dynasty.

Important People

• Varma organised the Indian home rule society.
• Chattopadhyay organised the Berlin Committee for independence.
• Hardayal the Ghadar Party.

Facts about Maratha

• Sumant was the Shiva Ashti of pradhan.

The red sanders

• A type of wood from plants
• It is highly aromatic

Trade with other countries

• Not all countries can trade with these woods
• it is regulated under CITES