Indian National Parks
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the original natural vegetation have most of the hotspots in India lost?

  • 20%
  • 90%
  • 50%
  • 70% (correct)

    • How many animal species, including Protista, have been documented in India?

  • 91,307 (correct)
  • 12,470
  • 45,500
  • 69,903

    • What percentage of Indian plants are estimated to be endemic to the country?

  • 32% (correct)
  • 60%
  • 15%
  • 45%

    • How many biogeographic zones are present in India?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of higher plant species richness, where does India rank in the world?

    <p>Ninth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many species of cereals and millets are found in India?

    <p>51</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protected area is known for being the natural habitat of the Asiatic Lion?

    <p>Gir Forest National Park</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which state is Hemis National Park located?

    <p>Jharkhand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which wildlife sanctuary is specifically mentioned as having Indian Rhinoceros?

    <p>Kaziranga National Park</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protected area is highlighted for having the Indian Gaur as one of its major animals?

    <p>Periyar National Park</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of protected areas are established as wildlife sanctuaries according to the text?

    <p>Category IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conservation project is mentioned as significant in the protection of tigers?

    <p>Project Tiger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of India's total surface area do the national parks encompass?

    <p>1.23%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which national park is recognized as the oldest in India?

    <p>Jim Corbett National Park</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for designating an area as a National Park according to the Indian Ministry of Environment & Forests?

    <p>Ecological importance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what category in the Wildlife Protection Act 1972 does a national park fall?

    <p>Category II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has the authority to permit human activities inside a national park in India?

    <p>The Chief Wildlife Warden of the state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a biodiversity hotspot characterized by?

    <p>Exceptional levels of plant endemism and serious levels of habitat loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many species of vascular plants must a hotspot contain as endemics?

    <p>1,500</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of its original habitat must a hotspot have lost?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do ecologists use the numbers of endemic plant species as an indicator of overall biodiversity?

    <p>Because plants are the basis of ecosystems on land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which areas have been labeled as biodiversity hotspots?

    <p>Tropical rainforests, coastal areas, and islands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the term 'biodiversity hotspot' developed?

    <p>Late 1980s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of the Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 in India?

    <p>Control poaching, smuggling, and illegal trade of wildlife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Biosphere Reserves has the Indian government established?

    <p>18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) in India provide?

    <p>A policy framework for wildlife conservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT included in Biosphere Reserves established by the Indian government?

    <p>Wildlife Breeders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of India's geographical area do the 104 existing national parks cover?

    <p>1.23%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many wildlife sanctuaries are there in India according to the text?

    <p>551</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Indian Biodiversity

    • Most hotspots in India have lost around 70-90% of their original natural vegetation.

    Species Count

    • Over 90,000 animal species, including Protista, have been documented in India.
    • Around 33% of Indian plants are estimated to be endemic to the country.

    Biogeographic Zones

    • India has 10 biogeographic zones.

    Plant Species Richness

    • India ranks 10th in the world in terms of higher plant species richness.
    • There are over 50 species of cereals and millets found in India.

    Protected Areas

    • The Gir National Park is known for being the natural habitat of the Asiatic Lion.
    • The Hemis National Park is located in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
    • The Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary is specifically mentioned as having Indian Rhinoceros.
    • The Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Wildlife Sanctuary is highlighted for having the Indian Gaur as one of its major animals.
    • Wildlife sanctuaries are established as Category IV protected areas according to the text.

    Conservation Projects

    • The Project Tiger is mentioned as significant in the protection of tigers.

    National Parks

    • National parks encompass around 1.16% of India's total surface area.
    • The Jim Corbett National Park is recognized as the oldest in India.
    • The primary reason for designating an area as a National Park is to conserve and develop the area's natural beauty, geological formations, and other natural features.
    • A national park falls under the Category II protected area according to the Wildlife Protection Act 1972.
    • The Chief Wildlife Warden has the authority to permit human activities inside a national park in India.

    Biodiversity Hotspots

    • A biodiversity hotspot is characterized by a high level of endemism and habitat loss.
    • A hotspot must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics.
    • A hotspot must have lost at least 70% of its original habitat.
    • Ecologists use the numbers of endemic plant species as an indicator of overall biodiversity because endemism correlates with other forms of diversity.

    Conservation Efforts

    • Around 35 areas have been labeled as biodiversity hotspots.
    • The term 'biodiversity hotspot' was developed in 1988.
    • The main objective of the Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 in India is to provide protection to the wildlife and its habitat.
    • The Indian government has established 18 Biosphere Reserves.
    • The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) provides a forum for discussing and resolving wildlife-related issues.
    • Human settlements are not included in Biosphere Reserves established by the Indian government.
    • The 104 existing national parks cover around 1.16% of India's geographical area.
    • There are over 500 wildlife sanctuaries in India.

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    Test your knowledge about the national parks in India, including their number, total area, and the oldest national park. Learn interesting facts about the Indian Ministry of Environment & Forests' criteria for designating national parks.

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