Questions and Answers
When was the Indian National Congress founded?
1885
Where was the first session of the Indian National Congress held?
Mumbai
Who founded the Indian National Congress?
Allan Octavian Hume
Who was the first President of the Indian National Congress?
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Who was the first woman president of the Indian National Congress?
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Who was the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress?
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Who was the Viceroy of British India when the Indian National Congress was founded?
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What demand was never made by the Indian National Congress during 1885-1905?
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Who were the woman presidents of the Indian National Congress?
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When did the first split of the Indian National Congress occur?
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Who was the first Englishman to become president of the Indian National Congress?
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Who was the youngest president of the Indian National Congress?
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Who was the first Muslim to become president of the Indian National Congress?
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Where was the national song, Vande Mataram, first sung?
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When was the first joint session of Indian National Congress and Muslim League held?
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Which session of the Indian National Congress made the wearing of Khadi compulsory?
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Where was the national anthem, Jana Gana Mana, first sung?
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What was the only session of the Indian National Congress presided over by Mahatma Gandhi?
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Which session of the Indian National Congress demanded complete independence?
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Who was the president of the Indian National Congress at the time of independence?
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Study Notes
Founding and Initial Development
- Indian National Congress established in 1885 to promote political discourse and represent Indian interests.
- First session occurred in Mumbai, marking the beginning of organized political movements against British rule.
- Initiated by Allan Octavian Hume, who aimed to provide a platform for Indians to discuss their grievances.
Leadership Milestones
- Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the inaugural president, leading early discussions and debates.
- Annie Besant became the first woman president in 1917, advocating for social reforms and independence.
- Sarojini Naidu followed as the first Indian woman president in 1925, contributing significantly to India's freedom struggle.
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad is recognized as the youngest president of the Congress.
Historical Context
- During 1885-1905, the Congress didn't explicitly demand independence, focusing instead on moderate reforms.
- Lord Dufferin served as the Viceroy when the Congress was founded, overseeing the organization’s early years.
- George Yule was the first Englishman to hold the presidency of the Congress in 1888, reflecting early cross-communal engagement.
Significant Sessions and Events
- The Surat session in 1907 marked the first split in Congress due to ideological differences.
- The Calcutta session in 1896 saw the first rendition of 'Vande Mataram', which later became a national song.
- Lucknow (1916) hosted the first joint session of Congress and the Muslim League, fostering cooperation between both groups.
- The Calcutta session in 1911 was pivotal for the first performance of 'Jana Gana Mana', which later became the national anthem.
- The Belgaum session in 1924 was the only one presided over by Mahatma Gandhi, symbolizing his influence on the movement.
- In 1929, the Lahore session demanded complete independence, marking a significant shift in Congress's stance.
Women in Leadership
- Besides Annie Besant and Sarojini Naidu, Nellie Sengupta served as a woman president in 1933, showcasing women's active roles in the movement.
- The requirement for members to wear Khadi was instituted during Annie Besant's presidency in 1917, promoting self-reliance.
Final Stages
- Acharya J B Kriplani served as the president of the Congress at the time of India's independence in 1947, highlighting his leadership during the tumultuous final years of British rule.
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Description
Explore the establishment and early years of the Indian National Congress, founded in 1885. This quiz covers key figures, leadership milestones, and the political context during the Congress's inception. Test your knowledge on the important roles played by various leaders in India's struggle for independence.
