Indian Music and its Divisions
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following elements of dance pertains to the speed and pattern of movements?

  • Time (correct)
  • Weight
  • Energy
  • Space

    • What distinguishes ballet from modern dance?

  • Ballet is characterized by natural and free movements.
  • Ballet originated as a form of revolt against traditional dance.
  • Ballet includes singing and dialogue.
  • Ballet relies on strict conventions and structured movements. (correct)

    • Which characteristic is primarily associated with modern dance?

  • Incorporation of traditional dance techniques.
  • Focus on expressional movements. (correct)
  • Emphasis on choreographed patterns.
  • Use of elaborate costumes and scenery.

    • Which dance form is considered to have its roots in the Natya Shastra?

    <p>Bharatnatyam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In dance terminology, which describes the area and size of movement?

    <p>Space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement concepts would you categorize 'jump' and 'slide' under?

    <p>Locomotor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the katakamukha hasta in Bharatanatyam symbolize?

    <p>The sacred syllable 'aum'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is energy characterized in dance, particularly in the context provided?

    <p>Strong, weak, and varying.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following features describes the role of music in dance?

    <p>It plays a significant role as an accompaniment that motivates dancer’s movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'ethnologic dance' signify?

    <p>A dance form that is indigenous to a specific race or country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic does NOT describe the features of dance?

    <p>Design relates only to the costumes worn during the performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of dance forms, what type does the 'ballroom dance' belong to?

    <p>Social dance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of dance does 'technique' mainly refer to?

    <p>The skill in executing movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary factor that led to the evolution of folk dances?

    <p>The lives of common people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dance form is celebrated during the harvesting season in Assam?

    <p>Bihu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about folk dance is accurate?

    <p>Folk dance is distinct to the specific culture it originates from.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant purpose of dance as described?

    <p>To entertain and inspire others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classical dance forms has been recognized with national awards like Padmashree?

    <p>Katak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'design' refer to in dance?

    <p>The arrangement of movements in relation to time and space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change has occurred regarding the status of dance and its performers in recent years?

    <p>More young people are engaging in dance as a personal development tool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ancient text is cited as a source tracing the origin of Indian drama?

    <p>Vedas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Bharata contribute to the field of drama?

    <p>The idea of a defined space for performances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were kushilavas in the context of ancient Indian drama?

    <p>Professional singers of heroic tales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the expression of emotions through dance evolved in Indian culture over time?

    <p>It has been used to communicate a wide range of human experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Indian Music and its Divisions

    • Art is an expression of human emotions, known as 'RAS', signifying satisfaction
    • Human emotions categorized into nine sub-headings ('navras')
    • Music, dance, and drama are integral aspects of Indian culture
    • Music has existed since ancient times, traced to Sama Veda, containing hymns set to music.
    • Bharata's Natyashastra, an early text, discusses music in detail.
    • Rulers like Samudragupta patronized music
    • Music associated with worship of gods and goddesses in temples
    • Gita Govinda, a 12th-century composition, illustrates the connection between music and religious themes.
    • Hindustani classical music prevalent in Northern India and Carnatic music prevalent in Southern India.

    Hindustani Classical Music

    • Traces roots to the Delhi Sultanate era
    • Amir Khusrau is credited with introducing new ragas (melodic modes).
    • Instrumentalists credited with developing instruments and diverse styles, like those seen in Dhrupad, Dhamar, Thumri, Khayal, and Tappa.
    • Tansen, a renowned musician, influenced Hindustani music tradition.

    Carnatic Music

    • Composition attributed to three composers (Shyam Shastri, Thyagaraja, and Muthuswami Dikshitar) between 1700 and 1850
    • Purandardasa, also an important composer.
    • Compositions known as Kriti, primarily of a devotional nature
    • Instruments like flute, veena, nadaswaram, and mridangam accompany Carnatic music

    Modern Indian Music

    • Adoption of Western instruments (like violin and clarinet)
    • Use of recording technologies (like cassettes)
    • Rise of institutions for music education, reducing reliance on guru-shishya system where students studied under a teacher

    Folk Music

    • Rich tradition of folk music reflecting the emotions and experiences of the public
    • Reflects diverse cultures with special characteristics and meanings. Ranging from Rajasthani folk songs to those from Kashmir and Madhya Pradesh.

    Dances of India

    • Dance is linked to a wide range of expressions and emotions.
    • Ancient forms traceable to Harappan civilization.
    • Dance associated with religious ideas, like Shiva as Nataraja expressing creation and destruction.
    • Broadly categorized into folk and classical forms.
    • Classical forms performed in temples and royal courts.
    • Examples include Kathakali, Bharatnatyam, Kathak, Manipuri, Kuchi pudi, and Odissi.
    • Folk dance forms reflect the joys and sorrows of the people.

    Science and Technology in India (Ancient)

    • Ganita was a broad term that encompassed arithmetic, geometry, algebra, astronomy, and astrology.
    • Geometry (Rekha Ganita), Arithmetic (Anka Ganita), Algebra (Bija Ganita) are terms relevant to Indian mathematics.
    • Astronomy studied planetary movements, astrology and horoscopes. Contributions from Aryabhata, important figures.
    • Developed the concept of zero.
    • Significant contributions in medicine (Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita) and metallurgy (iron pillar).

    Science and Technology in India (Medieval)

    • Developed astronomy observatories in major cities.
    • Advancements in mathematics, particularly in the field of algebra, and numerical systems.
    • Manufacturing of gunpowder advanced.
    • Notable contributions of thinkers like Brahmagupta, noted for his astronomical and mathematical works.

    Science and Technology in India (Modern)

    • Emphasis on science and technology for national growth
    • Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR) played an important role in agricultural development
    • Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) are significant government research bodies
    • Indian Space Programme made significant global achievements.
    • Progress in medical sciences.

    Indian Music - History

    • India has one of the world's oldest and most evolved musical systems.
    • The study of Indian music starts with the religious and philosophical beliefs of Indian culture.
    • Musical history divided into three periods: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern.
    • Musical forms like Vedas and Upanishads played a role in Ancient period.

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    Indian Music & its Divisions PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the rich landscape of Indian music, touching upon its expressive nature through the concept of 'RAS' and the nine emotional categories known as 'navras'. Delving into historical texts like the Natyashastra and the influences of different eras, it highlights the significance of Hindustani and Carnatic classical music in Indian culture.

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