Indian Infrastructure and Environmental Policies
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Questions and Answers

What is the target number of cruise circuits with night stays?

  • 80 (correct)
  • 17
  • 64
  • 50

    • Who has been appointed as the Chairman of the 16th Finance Commission?

  • Vijay Kelkar
  • Nandan Nilekani
  • Arvind Subramanian
  • Arvind Panagariya (correct)

    • What construction material was primarily used for the KRS dam?

  • Brick
  • Mud
  • Surki mortar (correct)
  • Concrete

    • What significant power was granted to the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) under a recent notification?

    <p>To allow treated sewage discharge into water bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the multidimensional poverty rate in India in 2022-23?

    <p>11.28%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which river is associated with the Krishnarajasagar (KRS) dam?

    <p>Kaveri</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the landmark order related to the River Ganga issued in 2016?

    <p>River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Authorities Order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who constructed the Krishna Raja Sagara dam?

    <p>Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary condition under which an accused can claim default bail?

    <p>The investigating agency fails to file the chargesheet within the mandated time frame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the investigation for an offense punishable with death is not completed within the stipulated period?

    <p>Default bail is automatically granted to the accused.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of default bail, what does Section 167(2) of the CrPC specify?

    <p>Investigation must be completed within a specified time frame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For offenses punishable with imprisonment up to 10 years, what is the time limit set for completing the investigation?

    <p>60 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of institutions are eligible to apply for Assessment and Accreditation (A&A) by NAAC?

    <p>Only those with at least two graduating batches or six years of existence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT covered by the NAAC accreditation process?

    <p>Distance education units of HEIs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) portal concerning NAAC accreditation?

    <p>Institutions must upload their information to apply for A&amp;A.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about default bail is true?

    <p>It is the right of an accused when not charged due to the failure of the investigating agency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of India's population was estimated to be living in multidimensional poverty in 2022-23?

    <p>11.28%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state recorded the highest percentage of MPI poor in 2013-14?

    <p>Bihar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental right do minority educational institutions enjoy under Article 30(1)(a)?

    <p>Right to education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much of the enrollment is reserved for the economically backward section of society in minority educational institutions under the Right to Education Act?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action did the Supreme Court rule regarding minority educational institutions in the St Stephens vs Delhi University case in 1992?

    <p>MEIs can have 50% seats reserved for minorities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) established?

    <p>1994</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization funds the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC)?

    <p>University Grants Commission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action has the NAAC recently taken concerning around 30 institutes in the country?

    <p>Put the grading process on hold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Alliance for Global Good- Gender Equity and Equality?

    <p>To address social inequalities through women-led development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is a Network Partner in the Alliance for Global Good?

    <p>World Economic Forum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the AI Governance Alliance emphasize as crucial?

    <p>Global efforts to create equitable access to AI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three new reports released by the AI Governance Alliance primarily focused on?

    <p>Governance, unlocking value, and responsible AI development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key commitments of the G20 Leaders that the Alliance for Global Good supports?

    <p>Investing in women's health and education.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in the Alliance for Global Good?

    <p>It provides support for the Alliance's initiatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which global body is urging the G77 and China for governance reform?

    <p>UN Secretary-General</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the areas the AI Governance Alliance focuses on?

    <p>Creating frameworks for responsible AI development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the stock market?

    <p>Allow companies to issue shares to the public for the first time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the secondary market?

    <p>Investors buy and sell securities from one another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of an exploration licence granted under the EL regime?

    <p>Five years from execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following minerals is included in the scope of the exploration licence under the MMDR Amendment Act, 2023?

    <p>Cobalt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI)?

    <p>Countering smuggling activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) working under?

    <p>Ministry of Finance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As of now, what is the ranking of India's stock market in the world?

    <p>Fourth largest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the market capitalization of the US stock market?

    <p>$50.86 trillion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cruise circuits with night stays

    • India plans to increase the number of cruise circuits with night stays from 17 to 80.

    Inland Waterways Transportation

    • The Inland Waterways Transport plays a major role in transforming travel and logistics in India.
    • It covers over 22,000 kilometers spanning 24 states with 111 notified national waterways.

    Sixteenth Finance Commission

    • Arvind Panagariya was appointed as the Chairman of the 16th Finance Commission by the Indian government.

    Krishnarajasagar (KRS) Dam

    • The Karnataka High Court banned all mining and quarrying activities within a 20-kilometer radius of the Krishnarajasagar (KRS) dam due to environmental concerns.
    • The KRS dam is located in Mandya district, Karnataka.
    • The dam was constructed under the leadership of Sir M. Visvesvaraya, and completed by Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV Maharaj of Mysore.

    National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG)

    • The NMCG under the Ministry of Jal Shakti issued a notification to amend the River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Authorities Order, 2016.
    • This amendment allows the NMCG to permit the discharge of treated sewage into water bodies if it conforms to the norms prescribed under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
    • Previously, paragraph 6 of the 2016 order prohibited the discharge of sewage into the Ganga and its tributaries.

    Multidimensional Poverty

    • India's multidimensional poverty rate decreased to 11.28% in 2022-23, down from 29.17% in 2013-14, as per a discussion paper released by NITI Aayog.
    • This represents a decline of 250 million people living in multidimensional poverty between 2013-14 and 2022-23.
    • Bihar witnessed a 53% drop in MPI poor, from 56.3% in 2013-14 to 26.59% in 2022-23.
    • Jharkhand also saw a significant reduction of 50% in MPI poor, from 47.13% to 23.34%.
    • Uttar Pradesh recorded a decline from 42.59% in 2013-14 to 17.4% in 2022-23.

    Minority Educational Institutions (MEI)

    • The Supreme Court is hearing a case regarding the minority status of the Aligarh Muslim University (AMU).
    • MEI (Minority Educational Institutions) are granted various special privileges under the Indian constitution including:
      • The right to education as a Fundamental Right under Article 30(1)(a).
      • Compensation for property taken over by the state to establish institutions elsewhere.
      • Exemption from reservation provisions under Article 15(5).
      • Exemption from providing 25% admission quota for economically backward classes under the Right to Education Act.
      • Permission for 50% reserved seats for minorities, as ruled in the St. Stephens vs Delhi University case in 1992.

    National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC)

    • The NAAC is a government organization in India established in 1994 that assesses and accredits Higher Education Institutions (HEIs).
    • The council is an autonomous body funded by the University Grants Commission and headquartered in Bangalore.
    • HEIs eligible for NAAC assessment must have graduated at least two batches of students or been in existence for six years, whichever comes first.
    • NAAC accreditation does not extend to distance education units of HEIs or offshore campuses.
    • All institutions applying for NAAC accreditation need to upload information on the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) portal.

    Default Bail

    • The Supreme Court stated that default bail cannot be claimed solely on the grounds that the investigation is pending against other accused.
    • Default bail, also known as statutory bail, is a type of bail granted to an accused detained in custody when the police fail to complete the investigation and file the charge sheet within the stipulated time under the law.
    • Default bail is issued when the investigation agency doesn't meet the legal deadline for concluding its investigation and filing its report.
    • The concept of default bail in India is enshrined in Section 167(2) of the CrPC.
    • Section 167(2) mandates that when an arrested individual is in custody, the investigation must be finished within a specific time frame, otherwise, the arrested person is to be released on bail.
    • For offenses punishable with imprisonment up to 10 years, the investigation must be completed within 60 days of arrest.
    • For offenses punishable with death, life imprisonment, or imprisonment for more than 10 years, the investigation must be completed within 90 days of arrest (excluding investigations/arrests made under special statutes).
    • If the investigation is not completed within the specified timeframe, the accused has the right to be released on bail, which is referred to as "default bail."
    • The Supreme Court emphasized that the provisions of the CrPC are mandatory and failure to file the charge sheet within the prescribed 90/60-day period (depending on the case) automatically warrants default bail.

    World Economic Forum 2023

    • The World Economic Forum's 2023 annual meeting in Davos, Switzerland, focused on addressing global crises such as the Covid-19 pandemic, climate change, geopolitical tensions, social inequalities, and technological disruptions.
    • The meeting explored the opportunities and challenges posed by artificial intelligence (AI), which is considered a driving force for the economy and society.

    Alliance for Global Good - Gender Equity and Equality

    • The Alliance for Global Good - Gender Equity and Equality was launched by India at the World Economic Forum's 2023 Annual Meeting in Davos.
    • This initiative aims to bring together global best practices, knowledge sharing, and investments in the identified areas of women's health, education, and enterprise.
    • It is a follow-up to the G20 Leaders' Declaration and India's commitment to women-led development.
    • The Alliance will build on the commitments made by G20 leaders, benefiting the larger global community.
    • Supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the alliance will be housed and anchored by the CII Centre for Women Leadership.
    • The World Economic Forum is a "Network Partner" to the Alliance, while Invest India is an "Institutional Partner."

    AI Governance Alliance

    • The World Economic Forum’s AI Governance Alliance highlighted the need for a global effort to ensure equitable access to advanced artificial intelligence.
    • The alliance released three reports on advanced AI focused on generative AI governance, unlocking its value, and a framework for responsible AI development and deployment.
    • The alliance brings together governments, businesses, and experts to shape responsible AI development, applications, and governance, ensuring equitable distribution and access to this transformative technology worldwide.

    Group of 77 (G77)

    • UN Secretary-General António Guterres urged the G77 and China at the 3rd South Summit to drive momentum for global governance reform.

    Stock Market

    • India surpassed Hong Kong to become the world's fourth-largest stock market.
    • The US is the largest stock market globally with a market capitalization of 50.86trillion,followedbyChinawith50.86 trillion, followed by China with 50.86trillion,followedbyChinawith8.44 trillion and Japan with $6.36 trillion.
    • The stock market facilitates the buying and selling of shares of publicly held companies.
    • Stock markets operate under defined rules set by regulators.
    • They function as primary and secondary markets.
    • Primary markets allow companies to issue and sell their shares to the public for the first time through initial public offerings (IPOs).
    • Secondary markets are where investors buy and sell securities from one another, not from the companies issuing the securities.
    • National exchanges, such as the National Stock Exchange, are secondary markets.
    • Secondary markets are where securities are traded after their initial sale in the primary market.

    Exploration License (EL) Regime

    • The Ministry of Mines notified four rules to implement the Exploration License (EL) regime.
    • An exploration license refers to a license granted for undertaking reconnaissance operations, prospecting operations, or both.
    • State governments can grant exploration licenses within their respective areas.
    • An exploration license is granted for a period of five years from the date of execution.
    • The regime was introduced through the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2023.
    • Exploration licenses are issued for 29 minerals, including cobalt, lithium, nickel, gold, etc., listed in the Seventh Schedule of the MMRD Act.

    Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI)

    • The DRI, India's apex anti-smuggling agency, works under the Central Board of Indirect Taxes & Customs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India.
    • It has its headquarters in New Delhi.
    • DRI officers intercepted seven consignments from Hong Kong at the Foreign Post Office in New Delhi.

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    JANUARY 2024 UPSC Prelims Monthly Compilation PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores significant developments in India's infrastructure, particularly focusing on cruise circuits, inland waterways transportation, and the Krishnarajasagar Dam. It also touches upon environmental policies and initiatives like the National Mission for Clean Ganga. Test your knowledge on these critical topics impacting India's growth and sustainability.

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